Search results for "HORMONES"
showing 10 items of 1169 documents
3H-estradiol and3H-R5020 binding in cytosols of normal and neoplastic human ovarian tissue
1983
High-affinity cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptors in normal and abnormal ovarian tissues were studied. Estradiol receptor was detectable in 65% and progesterone receptor in 36% of the malignant tumors; 39% of all malignant ovarian tissues were estradiol- as well as progesterone-receptor-positive. Tumors were said to be receptor-positive when the receptors bound greater than 5 fM steroid/mg cytosol protein. No correlations were found between receptor status and histopathological diagnosis. In normal ovarian tissues collected at various phases of the menstrual cycle no changes in [3H]-estradiol and [3H]-R5020 binding could be detected. Analysis of the receptor concentration for bo…
Cellular mechanism of action of thyroid hormones.
1987
Abstract It has emerged in the last decade that the molecular mechanism of action of thyroid hormones resembles that of steroids; thyroid hormones indeed exert their effects mainly by directly regulating gene expression, on association with specific chromatin-bound receptors. Of the two thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) appears to be a sort of prohormone, whereas triiodothyronine (T3) seems to be the active form; in this respect, T4-deiodination, which occurs at the level of the target tissues, may be crucial in the local homeostasis of T3. Moreover, many cellular compartments, other than the nucleus, can bind thyroid hormone, and at least some of these further sites might play some role in …
Intermittent and Periodic Fasting, Hormones, and Cancer Prevention
2021
Simple Summary Hormonal and growth factor alterations, related to an elevated food consumption and excessive adiposity, affect the regulation of genes involved in cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and DNA repair, allowing cells to survive and proliferate despite the accumulation of mutations which lead to malignant transformation. The growth hormone/insulin growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1)/ insulin pathway and its downstream effectors, in fact, are known to promote aging and/or age-related diseases, including cancer, in many model organisms. The restriction of nutrients is established to have strong effects on levels of hormones and growth factors, delaying the incidence…
Quantitative monoclonal antibody determination of estrogen and progesterone receptors in human breast cancer: correlation with the radioligand method.
1994
To assess the possibility of substituting our routine method (dextran-coated charcoal, DCC) of determining estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) for an enzyme immunoassay technique (EIA), we compared the two methods for determination of the two types of receptor in breast cancer specimens. In terms of sample positivity or negativity, the two techniques agreed in 76 of the 82 samples analyzed for ER (92.7%; p0.001), and in 65 out of 75 samples assayed for PR (86.6%; p0.001). Quantitative analysis of the data showed a significant correlation between DCC and EIA for both ER (r = 0.84; p0.0001) and PR (r = 0.77; p0.0001). The results suggest the usefulness of EIA in substituting DCC, al…
Functional and Therapeutic Significance of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Colorectal Cancer
2022
The role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its acquisition of resistance to treatment become the research hotspots. As an important component of TME, the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) regulate multiple critical oncogenic processes, namely, occurrence, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance in CRC. In this review, we have discussed the functional and therapeutic significance of TAMs in CRC. M1 macrophages act as the tumor suppressor while M2 macrophages promote CRC. The polarization of TAMs is mainly regulated by the pathways such as NFKB1 pathways, STAT3 pathways, WNT5A pathways, and PI3K pathways in CRC. Furthermore, the M2 …
Long-term cardiac pro-B-type natriuretic peptide gene delivery prevents the development of hypertensive heart disease in spontaneously hypertensive r…
2011
Background— Diastolic dysfunction associated with high blood pressure (BP) leads to cardiac remodeling and fibrosis and progression to congestive heart failure. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has BP-lowering, antifibrotic, and antihypertrophic properties, which makes BNP an attractive agent for attenuating the adverse cardiac remodeling associated with hypertension. In the current study, we tested the effects of sustained cardiac proBNP gene delivery on BP, cardiac function, and remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods and Results— We used the myocardium-tropic adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector to achieve continuously enhanced cardiac rat proBNP expressi…
Current knowledge of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) in articular cartilage
2020
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an evolutionally well conserved neuropeptide, mainly expressed by neuronal and peripheral cells. It proves to be an interesting object of study both for its trophic functions during the development of several tissues and for its protective effects against oxidative stress, hypoxia, inflammation and apoptosis in different degenerative diseases. This brief review summarises the recent findings concerning the role of PACAP in the articular cartilage. PACAP and its receptors are expressed during chondrogenesis and are shown to activate the pathways involved in regulating cartilage development. Moreover, this neuropeptide proves to be…
Identification and characterisation of the dopamine receptor II from the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis (CfDopRII)
2006
International audience; G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a protein family with a wide range of functions. Approximately 30% of human drug targets are GPCRs, illustrating their pharmaceutical relevance. In contrast, the knowledge about invertebrate GPCRs is limited and is mainly restricted to model organisms like Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. Especially in ectoparasites like ticks and fleas, only few GPCRs are characterised. From the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis, a relevant parasite of cats and dogs, no GPCRs are known so far. Thus, we performed a bioinformatic analysis of available insect GPCR sequences from the honeybee Apis mellifera, the mosquito Anop…
Inhibitory effects oftrans-resveratrol analogs molecules on the proliferation and the cell cycle progression of human colon tumoral cells
2008
International audience; Resveratrol may function as a cancer chemopreventive agent. However, few data are available on the antitumoral activities of its dimer, epsilon-viniferin, also present in human diet. So, the effects of resveratrol, epsilon-viniferin, of their acetylated forms (resveratrol triacetate, epsilon-viniferin pentaacetate) and of vineatrol (a wine grape extract) were compared on human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Resveratrol and resveratrol triacetate inhibit cell proliferation and arrest cell cycle. epsilon-Viniferin and epsilon-viniferin pentaacetate slightly reduce cell proliferation. Vineatrol inhibits cell proliferation and favors an accumulation in the S phase of the ce…
Differential regulation of apoptosis-associated genes by estrogen receptor alpha in human neuroblastoma cells
2012
Purpose: The neuroendocrinology of female sex hormones is of great interest for a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. In fact, estrogens and estrogen receptors (ERs) exert neuromodulatory and neuroprotective functions. Here we investigated potential targets of the ER subtype alpha that may mediate neuroprotection and focused on direct modulators and downstream executors of apoptosis. Methods: We employed subclones of human neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-MC) stably transfected with one of the ER subtypes, ERalpha or ERbeta. Differences between the cell lines regarding the mRNA expression levels were examined by qPCR, changes on protein levels were examined by Western Blot and immunocytochemist…