Search results for "HOST-PARASITE"
showing 10 items of 355 documents
Host-parasite relationships of Zootoca vivipara (Sauria: Lacertidae) in the Pyrenees (North Spain)
2000
The helminths infesting the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara (Jacquin, 1787), were studied with special attention to the relations between the number of nematodes, Oswaldocruzia filiformis (Goeze, 1782), and the size, sex and age class of the host. The possible seasonality of the parasite intensity and the relationship with the feeding habits of the host were also tested. Helminth infracommunities of Z. vivipara were depauperate with lizards harbouring only two species, the trematode Plagiorchis molini (Lent et Freitas, 1940) and the nematode O. filiformis. A positive correlation between host size and the number of O. filiformis was found for female Z. vivipara. However, no correlation was d…
Differential phenoloxidase activity between native and invasive gammarids infected by local acanthocephalans: differential immunosuppression?
2003
Manipulative endoparasites can alter the behaviour and the physiology of their intermediate hosts in ways that increase the probability of successful transmission to the final host. This requires that the parasite is able to circumvent its host's immune defence. Successful immune evasion may depend on host-parasite coevolutionary history and the appearance of new hosts invading the local host population may promote local parasite maladaptation. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of 2 acanthocephalan parasites, Pomphorhynchus laevis and Polymorphus minutus, on the immunity of their local and new invasive gammarid intermediate hosts, respectively Gammarus pulex and Gammarus roese…
Zygocotyle lunata: Proteomic analysis of the adult stage
2011
The somatic extract of Zygocotyle lunata (Trematoda: Paramphistomidae) adults collected from experimentally infected mice was investigated using a proteomic approach to separate and identify tryptic peptides from the somatic extract of Z. lunata adult worms. A shot-gun liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry procedure was used. We used the MASCOT search engine (Matrix-Science) and ProteinPilot software v2.0 (Applied Biosystems) for the database search. A total of 36 proteins were accurately identified from the worms. The largest protein family consisted of metabolic enzymes. Structural, motor and receptor binding proteins and proteins related to oxygen transport were identified in th…
Screening trematodes for novel intervention targets: a proteomic and immunological comparison of Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma bovis and Echin…
2011
SUMMARYWith the current paucity of vaccine targets for parasitic diseases, particularly those in childhood, the aim of this study was to compare protein expression and immune cross-reactivity between the trematodes Schistosoma haematobium, S. bovis and Echinostoma caproni in the hope of identifying novel intervention targets. Native adult parasite proteins were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified through electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry to produce a reference gel. Proteins from differential gel electrophoresis analyses of the three parasite proteomes were compared and screened against sera from hamsters infected with S. haematobium and E. caproni fo…
Helminth communities of two green frogs (Rana perezi and Rana saharica) from both shores of the Alboran Sea.
2006
Les communautes d'helminthes de deux populations de grenouilles vertes des rivages de la mer d'Alboran (mediterraneen occidental) ont ete etudiees. Des 79 grenouilles examinees pour etudier les helminthes, 39 exemplaires de Rana saharica ont ete captures a Bab-Taza (Maroc), et 40 de l'espece Rana perezi dans le Parc Naturel Sierra de Grazalema (Espagne). Bien que la richesse des especes d'helminthes soient identique dans les deux secteurs d'echantillonnage, les differences observees dans la structure des infracommunautes d'helminthes sont assez importantes. Statistiquement, des differences significatives ont ete trouvees entre la richesse en especes et la diversite des infracommunautes chez…
EFFECT OF TRIAENOPHORUS CRASSUS (CESTODA) INFECTION ON BEHAVIOR AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PREDATION OF THE FIRST INTERMEDIATE HOST CYCLOPS STRENUUS (COPE…
2000
Some parasites have been shown to manipulate host behavior so that parasite transmission to the next host is enhanced. Infection with Triaenophorus crassus Forel (Cestoda) caused alterations in the activity and microhabitat selection of the first intermediate host Cyclops strenuus Fischer (Copepoda) in the laboratory. Infected copepods made more starts to swim but spent less time swimming than uninfected copepods. These changes were independent of the intensity of infection. In a water column illuminated from above, infected copepods approached the surface, whereas uninfected ones remained close to the bottom. In the dark both infected and uninfected copepods stayed near the bottom. Finally…
Comparative infectivity of Fasciola hepatica metacercariae from isolates of the main and secondary reservoir animal host species in the Bolivian Alti…
2000
Fascioliasis due to Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) is an endemic disease on the Northern Bolivian Altiplano, where human prevalences and intensities are the highest known, sheep and cattle are the main reservoir hosts, and pigs and donkeys the secondary ones. Investigations were carried out to study the viability of metacercariae experimentally obtained from eggs shed by naturally infected Altiplanic sheep, cattle, pigs and donkeys. A total of 157 Wistar rats were infected with doses of 5, 10, 20 and 150 metacercariae. Metacercariae aged for different number of weeks were used to analyse the influence of age on their viability. The number of worms successfully developed in each rat was …
Helminth parasites of the wolfCanis lupusfrom Latvia
2009
AbstractThirty-four wolves were collected between 2003 and 2008 from throughout Latvia and examined for helminths. A total of 17 helminth species were recorded: the trematodeAlaria alata(85.3%); the cestodesDiphyllobothrium latum(2.9%),Echinococcus granulosus(2.9%),Echinococcus multilocularis(5.9%),Mesocestoides lineatus(5.9%),Taenia crassiceps(8.8%),Taenia hydatigena(41.2%),Taenia (ovis) krabbei(8.8%),Taenia multiceps(47.1%),Taenia pisiformis(20.6%),Taenia polyacantha(11.8%),Taeniaspp. (8.8%); and the nematodesAncylostoma caninum(2.9%),Crenosoma vulpis(9.1%),Eucoleus aerophilus(36.4%),Pearsonema plica(41.4%),Trichinellaspp. (69.7%),Toxocara canis(5.8%), andUncinaria stenocephala(41.2%).Ala…
Status of Corynosoma (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) based on anatomical, ecological, and phylogenetic evidence, with the erection of Pseudocorynosom…
2006
The possession of genital spines has been considered as a key taxonomic trait to differentiate Corynosoma from other genera of the Polymorphidae. However, Corynosoma currently consists of 2 groups of species with clear ecological and morphological divergences: the "marine" group (with ca. 30 species) infects mammals and piscivorous birds in the marine realm, whereas the "freshwater" group (with ca. 7 species) infects waterfowl in continental waters. Species from these groups differ in shape of body and neck, trunk spination, lemnisci length and shape, testes arrangement, and number and shape of cement glands. We tested whether species from these 2 groups formed a monophyletic assemblage bas…
PARASITIC INFECTION AND DEVELOPMENTAL STABILITY: FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY IN GAMMARUS PULEX INFECTED WITH TWO ACANTHOCEPHALAN SPECIES
2002
Several studies have reported a negative association between developmental stability and parasitic infection. However, the host-parasite associations examined so far consist only of a limited number of parasite taxa, and developmental stability was appraised on definitive hosts. The present study examines the association between infection by 2 acanthocephalan parasites. Pomphorhynchus laevis and Polymorphus minutus, and the developmental stability of their common intermediate host Gammarus pulex. Developmental stability was estimated from the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) levels of 6 morphological traits. A positive association was found between FA and infection. Infected gammarids tended to b…