Search results for "HUMAN HEALTH"
showing 10 items of 1622 documents
Iron, oxidative stress, and redox signaling in the cardiovascular system.
2014
The redox state of the cell is predominantly dependent on an iron redox couple and is maintained within strict physiological limits. Iron is an essential metal for hemoglobin synthesis in erythrocytes, for oxidation-reduction reactions, and for cellular proliferation. The maintenance of stable iron concentrations requires the coordinated regulation of iron transport into plasma from dietary sources in the duodenum, from recycled senescent red cells in macrophages, and from storage in hepatocytes. The absorption of dietary iron, which is present in heme or nonheme form, is carried out by mature villus enterocytes of the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Multiple physiological processes are invo…
L’accident vasculaire cérébral en France : patients hospitalisés pour AVC en 2014 et évolutions 2008-2014
2017
ntroduction – In France, stroke is the first cause of death in women, and the third in men. The age-standardized rates of patients hospitalized for stroke increased in patients younger than 65 years between 2002 and 2008. After the implementation of the “National Stroke Action Plan” (2010-2014), this study analyzed trends in the rates of patients hospitalized for stroke and of patients hospitalized in stroke units since 2008.Methods – Data came from the French national hospital discharge databases (PMSI-MCO, 2008-2014). For each patient, the first annual hospitalization for stroke was selected. Crude hospitalized patients and in-hospital mortality rates were calculated by stroke subtypes, a…
Study of the metabolic, oxidative and cardiovascular consequences of postnatal overfeeding in rats and mice
2012
No abstract
Absorption and distribution in erythrocytes and low density lipoproteins of betalains from cacus pear (Opuntia Ficus Indica) in healthy humans. Poten…
2004
ABSTRACT Background: Betalains were recently identified as natural antioxidants. However, little is known about their bioavailability from dietary sources. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the bioavailability of betalains from dietary sources. Design: The plasma kinetics and urinary excretion of betalains were studied in healthy volunteers (n = 8) after a single ingestion of 500 g cactus pear fruit pulp, which provided 28 and 16 mg indicaxanthin and betanin, respectively. The incorporation of betalains in LDL and the resistance of the particles to ex vivo-induced oxidation was also researched. Results: Betanin and indicaxanthin reached their maximum plasma concentrations 3 h after t…
Kilohertz and Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation With the Same Pulse Duration Have Similar Efficiency for Inducing Isometric Knee Extension Torque …
2017
International audience; Objective To test the hypotheses that, as compared with pulsed current with the same pulse duration, kilohertz frequency alternating current would not differ in terms of evoked-torque production and perceived discomfort, and as a result, it would show the same current efficiency.Design A repeated-measures design with 4 stimuli presented in random order was used to test 25 women: (1) 500-microsecond pulse duration, (2) 250-microsecond pulse duration, (3) 500-microsecond pulse duration and low carrier frequency (1 kHz), (4) 250-microsecond pulse duration and high carrier frequency (4 kHz). Isometric peak torque of quadriceps muscle was measured using an isokinetic dyna…
Analogies between atherosclerosis and age-related maculopathy: expected roles of oxysterols
2006
The pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is not clearly understood. Like other age-related diseases, it is associated with abnormal deposits called drusen. These drusens are localized in Bruch's membrane. Recent investigations have shown a link between drusen formation and inflammatory and immunologic reactions. The involvement of oxidative stress is supported by available data as an important contributing factor in the developement of ARMD. The data regarding the nature and the source of the deposits suggest that ARMD may share similar pathways with atherosclerosis. The role of oxydized products of cholesterol, the oxysterols, in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is we…
Obésité et grossesse : étude de l'influence d'un marqueur de l'obésité sur les mécanismes cellulaires et tissulaires de l'accouchement dans un modèle…
2012
Maternal obesity is associated with a wide spectrum of delivery disorders, such as delayed or post-term delivery, that might be explained partly by the increase in plasma leptin levels in obese women, as leptin inhibits in vitro myometrial contractility. Delivery involves uterine apoptosis and remodelling of the extracellular matrix, via the activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). This study was aimed to assess the role of leptin on human myometrium, by studying the interaction of leptin with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and degradation of myometrial collagen.Myometrial biopsies were obtained from women undergoing caesarean delivery before labour onset. The effects of l…
Etude de l'influence de la leptine sur les mécanismes cellulaires de la mise en route du travail dans un modèle d'accouchement prématuré : approches …
2015
Maternal obesity is associated with a wide spectrum of adverse pregnancy outcomes leading to higher rates of postdate pregnancies or preterm deliveries. Finding new strategies for the management of the Threat of Preterm Labor (TPL) is an important Public Health issue. Indeed, the only available strategy (tocolytic drugs) inhibiting uterine contractions, does not allow delaying parturition for more than 48 hours. The physio-pathological mechanisms leading to TPL remain poorly understood, but it has been shown that labor onset is associated with a phenotypic switch of myometrial smooth muscle cell from a proliferative to a contractile phenotype. In this work, we investigated the effect of lep…
Role of the protein phosphatase CD45 and lipid rafts in the maintenance of acute myeloblastic leukemiaand development of a new therapeutic treatment
2017
CD45 is a pan-leukocyte protein with tyrosine phosphatase activity involved in the regulation of cytokinereceptors in hematopoiesis, such as the GM-CSF. We report here on new chemical compound,Pyrido[4,3-b]quinoxaline (PyQ), which is a plasma membrane disrupting agent, as a potential drug fortreatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Indeed, we show that the hematopoietic cell lines aremore sensitive to PyQ, compared with non- hematopoietic cell lines. Using HOXA9-MEIS1-transformed blasts from a mouse model to study AML and human primary AML samples, wediscovered that CD45, which is mainly found within plasma-membrane lipid rafts, is rapidly delocalizedafter treatment with PyQ compound. The…
Role of adipose tissue cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) on lipolysis and consequences on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in mice
2017
Role of adipose tissue cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) on lipolysis and consequences on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in miceObesity is accompanied with lipolysis deregulation responsible for excessive Free Fatty Acid (FFA) release, which are key actors in the implementation of peripheral insulin resistance. In parallel, it is now well established that obesity is associated with EndoCannabinoid System (ECS) activity dysfunction in several metabolic tissues. If it is well described that overactivation of this system in the Adipose Tissue (AT) is favourable to its expansion, the consequences on lipolysis remain to be elucidated.The main objective of this thesis work was to precise the role …