Search results for "HYDROGEN"

showing 10 items of 4254 documents

Effects of high pressure thermal treatments in oxygen and helium atmospheres on amorphous silicon dioxide and its radiation hardness

2009

The effects of thermal treatments at similar to 400 degrees C in oxygen or helium atmospheres at similar to 180 baron the radiation hardness of amorphous SiO(2) are studied. The generation efficiency of several point defects under gamma irradiation is compared to that of the untreated material. All the effects on point defects generation here observed can be explained in terms of changes in the precursor sites. In particular it has been observed that the thermal treatments can change the precursors sites of point defects both through temperature and pressure related processes, not depending on the atmosphere, and through oxygen related processes creating oxygen excess sites. The presence of…

Absorption spectroscopyHydrogenirradiation effectsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementsistemi amorfi difetti di puntoCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenCrystallographic defectElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidAtmospherechemistryChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesLuminescenceHelium
researchProduct

Temperature effects on the IR absorption bands of hydroxyl and deuteroxyl groups in silica glass

2009

Abstract In this report we will show the changes of the band shape of the hydroxyl group (SiOH) infrared (IR) absorption band (∼3670 cm −1 ) in silica glass induced by lowering temperature in the range from 290 to 20 K. This band is considered as the overlap of several spectral components associated to the vibrational activity of hydroxyl groups in different bond configurations. By a suitable analysis of the experimental band profile in terms of different sub-bands, we studied the thermal evolution of each component and we reconsidered their assignations. For comparison we examined the SiOD absorption band (∼2710 cm −1 ) as a function of temperature as well. Our data can be interpreted as a…

Absorption spectroscopyInfraredChemistryHydrogen bondFTIR measurements Infrared properties Silica AerogelsAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsExtinction (optical mineralogy)Absorption bandMolecular vibrationThermalMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Composites
researchProduct

Interactions of amino acids with aluminum octacarboxyphthalocyanine hydroxide. Experimental and DFT studies

2017

The influence of albumin and amino acids (l-serine, glycine, l-histidine, l-tryptophan, l-cysteine) on the properties of aluminum octacarboxyphthalocyanine hydroxide (Al(OH)PcOC) was investigated in a phosphate buffer (pH 8.0). Particular attention was paid to the spectroscopic properties and photostability of Al(OH)PcOC. The effect of albumin or amino acids on the photodegradation of Al(OH)PcOC was examined in water using red light: 685 nm and daylight irradiation. Analysis of kinetic curves indicated that interaction with those molecules increases the photostability of Al(OH)PcOC. The molecular structure of Al(OH)PcOC complexes (in vacuum and in water) with axially or equatorially coordin…

Absorption spectroscopyInorganic chemistry02 engineering and technologyDFT calculations010402 general chemistryDFT01 natural sciencesPhotodynamic therapyCatalysisInorganic ChemistryAluminum octacarboxyphthalocyanine hydroxidechemistry.chemical_compoundMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhotodegradationchemistry.chemical_classificationamino acidsOriginal PaperChemistryHydrogen bondProteinOrganic Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAmino acid0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsAmino acidTD-DFT spectraCrystallographyComputational Theory and MathematicsPhthalocyanineHydroxideDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologyJournal of Molecular Modeling
researchProduct

On the Low-Lying Excited States ofsym-Triazine-Based Herbicides

2005

We report a joint computational and luminescence study on the low-lying excited states of sym-triazines, namely, 1,3,5-triazine (1) and the ubiquitous herbicides atrazine [6-chloro-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (2)] and ametryn [6-methylthio-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (3)]. Geometrical structures, energetics, and transition and state properties of I and 2 were computed at the TD-DFT, CASSCF, and CASPT2 levels of theory. The fluorescence and phosphorescence emission spectra, lifetimes, and fluorescence quantum yields were measured for the three compounds, and from these, the energies of the lowest excited states and their corresponding radiative rates…

Absorption spectroscopyQuantum yieldPhotochemistryMolecular physicsAbsorptionAb initio quantum chemistry methodsOscillometryPressureRadiative transferEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular StructureChemistry PhysicalHerbicidesTriazinesChemistryTemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectrometry FluorescenceModels ChemicalSpectrophotometryExcited stateAtrazineIndicators and ReagentsPhosphorescenceLuminescenceSoftwareChemPhysChem
researchProduct

Electronic signature of the instantaneous asymmetry in the first coordination shell of liquid water

2013

Interpretation of the X-ray spectra of water as evidence for its asymmetric structure has challenged the conventional symmetric nearly-tetrahedral model and initiated an intense debate about the order and symmetry of the hydrogen bond network in water. Here, we present new insights into the nature of local interactions in water obtained using a novel energy decomposition method. Our simulations reveal that while a water molecule forms, on average, two strong donor and two strong acceptor bonds, there is a significant asymmetry in the energy of these contacts. We demonstrate that this asymmetry is a result of small instantaneous distortions of hydrogen bonds, which appear as fluctuations on …

Absorption spectroscopymedia_common.quotation_subjectShell (structure)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAsymmetryMolecular physicsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySpectral linePhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesMoleculeCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanicsmedia_commonChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)PhysicsMultidisciplinaryStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)010304 chemical physicsHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)AcceptorSymmetry (physics)0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physics - Computational PhysicsOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
researchProduct

Diverse stress signals activate the C1 subgroup MAP kinases ofArabidopsis

2007

AbstractMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an important role in mediating stress responses in plants. In Arabidopsis, 20 MAPKs have been identified and classified into four major groups (A–D). Little is known about the role of group C MAPKs. We have studied the activation of Arabidopsis subgroup C1 MAPKs (AtMPK1/AtMPK2) in response to mechanical injury. An increase in their kinase activity was detected in response to wounding that was blocked by cycloheximide. Jasmonic acid (JA) activated AtMPK1/AtMPK2 in the absence of wounding. Wound and JA-induction of AtMPK1/2 kinase activity was not prevented in the JA-insensitive coi1 mutant. Other stress signals, such as abscisic a…

AcclimatizationArabidopsisBiophysicsBiochemistryGene Expression Regulation Enzymologicchemistry.chemical_compoundGene Expression Regulation PlantStructural BiologyArabidopsisGeneticsASK1Kinase activityProtein kinase AMolecular BiologyJasmonic acidMAP kinase kinase kinasebiologyArabidopsis ProteinsKinaseJasmonic acidWoundHydrogen PeroxideCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationBiochemistrychemistryMitogen-activated protein kinasebiology.proteinMAP kinaseStress MechanicalMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesAbscisic AcidSignal TransductionFEBS Letters
researchProduct

Metabolic shift of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms with different levels of polyphosphate storage

2012

Previous studies have shown that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) are able to behave as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) under different conditions. In this study we investigated the behavior of a culture enriched with Accumulibacter at different levels of polyphosphate (poly-P) storage. The results of stoichiometric ratios Gly degraded/HAc uptake, PHB synthesized/HAc uptake, PHV synthesized/HAc uptake and P release/HAc uptake confirmed a metabolic shift from PAO metabolism to GAO metabolism: PAOs with high poly-P content used the poly-P to obtain adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and glycogen (Gly) to obtain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and some ATP. In a test whe…

Accumulibacter Type IIWaste component removalUnclassified drugPhysiologyChemical compositionMicrobial metabolismStorageWastewaterNicotinamide adenine dinucleotidePolyhydroxyalkanoic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundBacteriumBioreactorsPolyphosphatesGlycolysisAnaerobiosisBiomassPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsWaste Management and DisposalAccumulibacter Type IGlycogen accumulating organismPriority journalWater Science and TechnologyFluorescence microscopyPolyhydroxyvalerateSewageGlycogenHydrolysisFluorescence in situ hybridizationEcological ModelingPhosphorusHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBioaccumulationPollutionStoichiometryWaste treatmentPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsBiodegradation EnvironmentalEnhanced biological phosphorus removalBiochemistryGlycogen-accumulating metabolism (GAM)Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideAccumulibacter type 1Accumulibacter type 2GlycolysisGlycogenMetabolic Networks and PathwaysAccumulibacterAdenosine triphosphateEnvironmental EngineeringBiologyAcetic acidArticleAssociative storagePolyphosphate-accumulating metabolism (PAM)PolyphosphateGlycogen-accumulating organismsGlycogen-accumulating metabolismsTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTEPolyphosphate accumulating organismCivil and Structural EngineeringPolyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO)BacteriaPolyphosphateMetabolismIn situ measurementGlycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO)Polyphosphate-accumulating metabolismsNonhumanAmidesCarbonMetabolismchemistryPolyphosphate (poly-P)Bacterial metabolismCell cultureVolatilizationWater Research
researchProduct

Diacetyl and acetoin production from the co-metabolism of citrate and xylose by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides.

1997

The co-metabolism of citrate plus xylose by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides results in a growth stimulation, an increase in D-lactate and acetate production and repression of ethanol production. This correlated well with the levels of key enzymes involved. A partial repression of alcohol dehydrogenase and a marked stimulation of acetate kinase were observed. High citrate bioconversion yields in diacetyl plus acetoin were obtained at pH 5.2 in batch (11.5%) or in chemostat (up to 17.4%) culture. In contrast, no diacetyl or acetoin was detected in citrate plus glucose fermentation.

Acetate kinaseXylosebiologyAcetoinAcetoinGeneral MedicineDiacetylXylosebiology.organism_classificationNADApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyDiacetylCitric Acidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryXylose metabolismLeuconostoc mesenteroidesbiology.proteinFermentationLeuconostocBiotechnologyAlcohol dehydrogenaseApplied microbiology and biotechnology
researchProduct

Isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tryptophan in infant formulas.

1996

The application to infant formulas of a method for tryptophan determination by isocratic HPLC with UV detection at 254 nm, after derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, was studied. Protein was hydrolysed by barium hydroxide at 120 degrees C for 8 h, followed by derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, HPLC and UV detection at 254 nm. The optimum chromatographic conditions (pH, ionic strength of elution solvent and eluent ratio) were established. The analytical parameters (linearity, precision, accuracy of derivatization and limits of detection and quantification) were determined. The values obtained demonstrated that the method is useful for determining the tryptophan content of infan…

AcetatesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical ChemistryBarium hydroxidechemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographyIsothiocyanatesHumansDerivatizationChromatography High Pressure LiquidAcetic AcidDetection limitChromatographyPhenyl isothiocyanateElutionOrganic ChemistryOsmolar ConcentrationTryptophanInfant NewbornTryptophanInfantGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationchemistrySolventsInfant FoodThiocyanatesJournal of chromatography. A
researchProduct

New synthesis of some 1,2,5-benzothiadiazcpinc 1,1-dioxide derivatives. I

1979

2-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride reacts with ω-aminoacetophenone and 4-amino-3,5-dimethyl-isoxazole to give 3 and 7, respectively. Reduction of 3 with zinc powder and acetic acid afforded the 2,5-dihydro- and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,5-benzothiadiazepine I,1-dioxide derivatives (4 and 5). Catalytic hydrogenolysis of 7 and successive cyclization of the intermediate 8 gave the 3-ace-thyl-2,5-dihydro-4-methyl-1,2,5-benzothiadiazepine 1,1-dioxide (9). The structures were assigned on the basis of correct elemental data and spectroscopic evidences.

Acetic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundHydrogenolysisChemistryOrganic ChemistrymedicineOrganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementZincChloridemedicine.drugCatalysisJournal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
researchProduct