Search results for "HYPOXIA"

Prognostic Potential Of The Pretherapeutic Tumor Oxygenation Status

2009

Hypoxia, a characteristic feature of locally advanced solid tumors, has emerged as a key factor of the tumor pathophysiome, since it can promote tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Independent of established prognostic parameters, such as clinical tumor stage, histology, histological grade and nodal status, hypoxia has been identified as an adverse prognostic factor for patient outcome. Studies of pretreatment tumor hypoxia involving direct assessment (polarographic oxygen tension measurements) have suggested a poor prognosis for patients with hypoxic tumors. These investigations indicate a worse disease-free survival for patients with hypoxic cancers of the uterine cervix or soft …

Detection and characterization of tumor hypoxia using pO2 histography.

2007

Data from 125 studies describing the pretreatment oxygenation status as measured in the clinical setting using the computerized Eppendorf pO2 histography system have been compiled in this article. Tumor oxygenation is heterogeneous and severely compromised as compared to normal tissue. Hypoxia results from inadequate perfusion and diffusion within tumors and from a reduced O2 transport capacity in anemic patients. The development of tumor hypoxia is independent of a series of relevant tumor characteristics (e.g., clinical size, stage, histology, and grade) and various patient demographics. Overall median pO2 in cancers of the uterine cervix, head and neck, and breast is 10 mm Hg with the ov…

Blood flow and oxygenation status of human tumors. Clinical investigations.

1999

There is a large body of evidence suggesting that blood flow and oxygenation of human tumors are important research topics which may explain, in particular, resistance to radiation and to many antineoplastic drugs, which can limit the curability of solid tumors by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.This manuscript reviews the clinical investigations which have been performed regarding blood flow and oxygenation status of human tumors in radiation oncology.The possible uses and limitations of the prognostic significance and the changes under therapy measuring blood flow and oxygenation in human tumors were discussed. In addition, several approaches were summarized, which can improve the microvasc…

Erythropoietin: effects on life expectancy in patients with cancer-related anaemia

2006

ABSTRACTAnaemia is common in patients with cancer and has a detrimental impact on the quality of life. Anaemia has also been shown to reduce survival in patients with cancer. Tumour hypoxia resulting from the reduced oxygen carrying capacity of the blood in anaemic patients has been hypothesised to be a major contributor to this reduced survival. Several studies have shown that tumour hypoxia reduces the effectiveness of anticancer therapies including standard radiotherapy and some types of chemotherapy, and is associated with tumour progression. Moreover, preclinical data have demonstrated that erythropoietic protein therapy may delay tumour progression by improving tumour oxygenation. Mos…

Oxygenation of Mammary Tumors: From Isotransplanted Rodent Tumors to Primary Malignancies in Patients*

1992

The role of oxygen in tumor cell proliferation, radiosensitivity, cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs and hyperthermia treatment has been the subject of a series of investigations (for reviews see Hall, 1988; Teicher et al., 1990, Vaupel et al., 1989a; Vaupel, 1990a,b). Despite the apparent importance of tumor oxygenation, data on pO2 values in solid tumors are mostly derived from experiments on rodents which might not necessarily reflect the variability of the clinical situation. Due to feasible techniques available now, considerable advances have been made in the past few years in the assessment of tumor hypoxia in patients (for reviews see Vaupel et al., 1989a; Vaupel, 1990a). The latter in…

Intratumoral PO2 Histography as Predictive Assay in Advanced Cancer of the Uterine Cervix

1994

Experimental evidence suggests that the hypoxic fraction in a solid tumor may increase its malignant potential and reduce its sensitivity towards nonsurgical treatment modalities such as standard irradiation and certain anticancer agents1–5. However, the clinical importance of tumor hypoxia remains uncertain since valid methods for the routine measurement of intratumoral O2-tensions in patients have so far been lacking.

Erythropoietin to treat anaemia in patients with head and neck cancer

2004

based on the improvement of tumour oxygenation through direct effects (oxygen enhancement effect of radiotherapy) and indirect effects (counteraction of the adverse influence of tumour hypoxia on malignant progression), only increases in haemoglobin concentration that result in improvements in tumour oxygenation can be expected to have a favourable effect on prognosis. The haemoglobin concentration range leading to the highest tumour oxygen levels is most probably between 130 and 140 g/L, since this concentration represents an optimum in terms of the counteracting effects of increasing the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity and rising viscous resistance to flow. At higher haemoglobin concentr…

Hyperventilation in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Has Something Changed in the Last Decade or Uncertainty Continues? A Brief Review

2021

MCC1019, a selective inhibitor of the Polo-box domain of Polo-like kinase 1 as novel, potent anticancer candidate

2019

Polo-like kinase (PLK1) has been identified as a potential target for cancer treatment. Although a number of small molecules have been investigated as PLK1 inhibitors, many of which showed limited selectivity. PLK1 harbors a regulatory domain, the Polo box domain (PBD), which has a key regulatory function for kinase activity and substrate recognition. We report on 3-bromomethyl-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (designated: MCC1019) as selective PLK1 inhibitor targeting PLK1 PBD. Cytotoxicity and fluorescence polarization-based screening were applied to a library of 1162 drug-like compounds to identify potential inhibitors of PLK1 PBD. The activity of compound MC1019 against the PLK1…

Oxygen status of malignant tumors: pathogenesis of hypoxia and significance for tumor therapy.

2001

Hypoxic areas are a characteristic property of solid tumors. Hypoxia results from an imbalance between the supply and consumption of oxygen. Major pathogenetic mechanisms for the emergence of hypoxia are (1) structural and functional abnormalities in the tumor microvasculature; (2) an increase in diffusion distances; and (3) tumor- or therapy-associated anemia leading to a reduced O2 transport capacity of the blood. There is pronounced intertumor variability in the extent of hypoxia, which is independent of clinical size, stage, histopathologic type, and grade. Local recurrences have a higher hypoxic fraction than primary tumors. Tumor hypoxia is intensified in anemic patients, especially i…