Search results for "Hand"

showing 10 items of 1364 documents

Mechanical cleaning of graphene using in situ electron microscopy

2020

Avoiding and removing surface contamination is a crucial task when handling specimens in any scientific experiment. This is especially true for two-dimensional materials such as graphene, which are extraordinarily affected by contamination due to their large surface area. While many efforts have been made to reduce and remove contamination from such surfaces, the issue is far from resolved. Here we report on an in situ mechanical cleaning method that enables the site-specific removal of contamination from both sides of two dimensional membranes down to atomic-scale cleanliness. Further, mechanisms of re-contamination are discussed, finding surface-diffusion to be the major factor for contam…

Materials scienceScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.inventionlawlcsh:ScienceMaterialsMultidisciplinaryGrapheneQGeneral ChemistryContamination021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNanocrystalline material0104 chemical sciencesMembranelcsh:QHandling specimensElectron microscope0210 nano-technologyMechanical and structural properties and devicesLayer (electronics)In situ electron microscopyNature Communications
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Interactive multiobjective optimization with NIMBUS for decision making under uncertainty

2013

We propose an interactive method for decision making under uncertainty, where uncertainty is related to the lack of understanding about consequences of actions. Such situations are typical, for example, in design problems, where a decision maker has to make a decision about a design at a certain moment of time even though the actual consequences of this decision can be possibly seen only many years later. To overcome the difficulty of predicting future events when no probabilities of events are available, our method utilizes groupings of objectives or scenarios to capture different types of future events. Each scenario is modeled as a multiobjective optimization problem to represent differe…

Mathematical optimizationComputer sciencepareto optimalityManagement Science and Operations Researchinteractive methodsDecision makerskenaariotMulti-objective optimizationMoment (mathematics)Conflicting objectivesmultiple objective programmingBusiness Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)uncertainty handlingPortfolio optimizationDecision-makingclassification of objectivesOptimal decisionDecision analysis
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A new preference handling technique for interactive multiobjective optimization without trading-off

2015

Because the purpose of multiobjective optimization methods is to optimize conflicting objectives simultaneously, they mainly focus on Pareto optimal solutions, where improvement with respect to some objective is only possible by allowing some other objective(s) to impair. Bringing this idea into practice requires the decision maker to think in terms of trading-off, which may limit the ability of effective problem solving. We outline some drawbacks of this and exploit another idea emphasizing the possibility of simultaneous improvement of all objectives. Based on this idea, we propose a technique for handling decision maker’s preferences, which eliminates the necessity to think in terms of t…

Mathematical optimizationControl and OptimizationExploitComputer scienceApplied Mathematicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectpreference informationPreference handlinginteractive methodsManagement Science and Operations ResearchDecision makerMulti-objective optimizationnegotiation supportComputer Science ApplicationsPareto optimalNegotiationmultiple objectivesNAUTILUS methodLimit (mathematics)Focus (optics)media_commonJournal of Global Optimization
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Reinforcement Learning Based Mobility Load Balancing with the Cell Individual Offset

2021

In this study, we focus on the cell individual offset (CIO) parameter in the handover process, which represents the willingness of a cell to admit the incoming handovers. However, it is challenging to tune the CIO parameter, as any poor implementation can lead to undesired outcomes, such as making the neighboring cells over-loaded while decreasing the traffic load of the cell. In this work, a reinforcement learning-based approach for parameter selection is introduced, since it is quite convenient for dynamically changing environments. In that regard, two different techniques, namely Q-learning and SARSA, are proposed, as they are known for their multi-objective optimization capabilities. Mo…

Mathematical optimizationOffset (computer science)Computer science05 social sciences050801 communication & media studies020206 networking & telecommunicationsSelf-organizing network02 engineering and technologyLoad balancing (computing)Load management0508 media and communicationsHandoverMetric (mathematics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBenchmark (computing)Reinforcement learning2021 IEEE 93rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Spring)
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Decision making in multiobjective optimization problems under uncertainty: balancing between robustness and quality

2018

As an emerging research field, multiobjective robust optimization employs minmax robustness as the most commonly used concept. Light robustness is a concept in which a parameter, tolerable degradations, can be used to control the loss in the objective function values in the most typical scenario for gaining in robustness. In this paper, we develop a lightly robust interactive multiobjective optimization method, LiRoMo, to support a decision maker to find a most preferred lightly robust efficient solution with a good balance between robustness and the objective function values in the most typical scenario. In LiRoMo, we formulate a lightly robust subproblem utilizing an achievement scalarizi…

Mathematical optimizationdecision supportOptimization problemmultiobjective robust optimizationComputer sciencepäätöksenteko0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations ResearchMulti-objective optimizationoptimointiRobustness (computer science)0502 economics and business050210 logistics & transportation021103 operations research05 social scienceslight robust efficiencyRobust optimizationinteractive methodshandling uncertaintyDecision makerMinimaxmonitavoiteoptimointiepävarmuusVisualizationMultiobjective optimization problemtrade-off between robustness and qualityBusiness Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)OR Spectrum
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Presence of mycotoxins in ready-to-eat food and subsequent risk assessment

2018

Abstract A study on a set of ready-to-eat meals (n = 328) based on cereals, legumes, vegetables, fish and meat was carried out to determine the natural presence of twenty-seven mycotoxins by both liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry in tandem (MS/MS) after QuEChERS extraction. The occurrence of mycotoxins was headed by cereal samples with 35% of samples contaminated by at least one mycotoxin followed by vegetables (32%), legumes (15%) and lastly, 9% of fish and meat samples were contaminated. DON was the most detected mycotoxin in vegetables, meat, fish and cereals with an incidence of 13% 18% 19% and 60%, respectively, and the highest mean levels were foun…

MeatFood HandlingSwineFood ContaminationBiologyToxicologyQuechersmedicine.disease_causeRisk Assessment01 natural sciencesFood groupchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyVegetablesmedicineAnimalsFood scienceMycotoxinLegumeToxin010401 analytical chemistryFishesfood and beveragesFabaceae04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineMycotoxinsContamination040401 food science0104 chemical scienceschemistryReady to eat foodCattleGas chromatographyEdible GrainChickensFood ScienceFood and Chemical Toxicology
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The European contribution to the development and validation activities for the design of IFMIF lithium facility

2013

The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) is an accelerator-driven intense neutron source where candidate materials for fusion reactors will be tested and validated. The high energy neutron flux is produced by means of two deuteron beams (total current of 250 mA, energy of 40 MeV) that strikes a liquid lithium target circulating in a lithium loop of IFMIF plant. The European (EU) contribution to the development of the lithium facility comprises five procurement packages, as follow: (1) participation to the experimental activities of the EVEDA lithium test loop in Oarai (Japan); (2) study aimed at evaluating the corrosion and erosion phenomena, promoted by lithium, for …

Mechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringLithium testRemote handlingchemistry.chemical_elementInternational Fusion Materials Irradiation FacilityFusion powerLithiumLithium;Remote handling;IFMIF;Corrosion;Target assembly;PurificationCorrosionNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryNeutron fluxTarget assemblyIFMIFNeutron sourceEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceLithiumPurification methodsEngineering design processSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariPurificationCivil and Structural EngineeringIFMIF Target assembly Remote handling Lithium Corrosion Purification
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Shared learning between health sciences university students. Teaching-learning process of hand hygiene

2020

El objetivo principal del proyecto ha sido el uso de metodologías de enseñanza activa para crear conciencia sobre la importancia de la higiene de manos en la atención médica. Metodología: El proyecto de innovación docente ha puesto en práctica el aprendizaje compartido de conocimientos y habilidades entre iguales. 11 estudiantes de Grado de Enfermería, con un trabajo cooperativo e individual previo, participan en un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre higiene de manos con 82 estudiantes de Grado de Fisioterapia, utilizando Tics, talleres sobre desinfección de manos con autoevaluación, evaluación de conocimiento previo y posterior y evaluación de La satisfacción con la actividad. Resultad…

Medical educationHigher educationLearning between equals or shared learningbusiness.industryProcess (engineering)Shared learningmedia_common.quotation_subjectTeachingEducational systemsSatisfactionEducational innovationHigher EducationHygieneLearningbusinessTeaching learningPsychologyHand hygieneEducational systemsmedia_common
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Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of Strength Measurements Using a Pull Hand-Held Dynamometer Fixed to the Examiner's Body and Comparison with Push …

2021

Hand held dynamometers (HHDs) are the most used method to measure strength in clinical sitting. There are two methods to realize the assessment: pull and push. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of a new measurement modality for pull HHD and to compare the inter-rater reliability and agreement of the measurements. Forty healthy subjects were evaluated by two assessors with different body composition and manual strength. Fifteen isometric tests were performed in two sessions with a one-week interval between them. Reliability was examined using the intra-class correlation (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM). Agreement between …

Medicine (General)Clinical BiochemistryeducationpullIsometric exerciseupper limbSittingLower limbArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineR5-920Reliability (statistics)MathematicsOrthodontics030222 orthopedicsreliabilityDynamometerpushHand heldHealthy subjects030229 sport sciencesInter-rater reliabilityhand-held dynamometerlower limbstrengthDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
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CERN-MEDICIS: A Review Since Commissioning in 2017

2021

The CERN-MEDICIS (MEDical Isotopes Collected from ISolde) facility has delivered its first radioactive ion beam at CERN (Switzerland) in December 2017 to support the research and development in nuclear medicine using non-conventional radionuclides. Since then, fourteen institutes, including CERN, have joined the collaboration to drive the scientific program of this unique installation and evaluate the needs of the community to improve the research in imaging, diagnostics, radiation therapy and personalized medicine. The facility has been built as an extension of the ISOLDE (Isotope Separator On Line DEvice) facility at CERN. Handling of open radioisotope sources is made possible thanks to i…

Medicine (General)HIGH-ENERGYIon beamNuclear engineeringHigh resolutionProton Synchrotron Booster01 natural sciencesmedicalISOLDE030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesR5-9200302 clinical medicineMedicine General & InternallawGeneral & Internal Medicine0103 physical sciencesCERNNuclear Physics - ExperimentBeam dump010306 general physicsradionuclidesOriginal ResearchLarge Hadron ColliderScience & TechnologyGeneral MedicineMass separationHandling systemmass separationBeamlineMEDICISMedicineEnvironmental scienceLife Sciences & Biomedicine
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