Search results for "Hardness"

showing 10 items of 160 documents

Solid state bonding mechanics in extrusion and FSW: Experimental tests and numerical analyses

2007

In the paper the authors compare the different solid state bonding mechanics for both the processes of hollow profiles extrusion and Friction Stir Welding (FSW), through the results obtained from a wide experimental campaign on AA6082-T6 aluminum alloys. Microstructure evaluation, tensile tests and micro-hardness measurements realized on specimens extracted by samples of the two processes are discussed also by means of the results obtained from coupled FEM simulation of the processes. ©2007 American Institute of Physics

Materials scienceMetallurgyFRICTION STIR WELDINGSolid State BondingMechanicsWeldingEXTRUSIONMicrostructureIndentation hardnessFinite element methodlaw.inventionBONDINGlawUltimate tensile strengthFriction stir weldingExtrusionFEM MODELComposite materialSettore ING-IND/16 - Tecnologie E Sistemi Di LavorazioneTensile testing
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<title>Micromechanical properties of AIN, TiN, and AIN/TiN nanostructured multilayer coatings</title>

2003

Coatings of AlN, TiN and nanostructured multilayer AlN/TiN have been deposited by reactive sputtering on sapphire, tungsten carbide (WC) and stainless steel substrates. The microhardness, adhesion and formation of cracks under indentation tests, were investigated. It was found that the adhesion of coatings on steel was higher, than on WC for all investigated samples. Nanostructured multilayer AlN/TiN films have the best adhesion and fracture toughness both on the hard (WC) and on the soft (stainless steel) substrates if compared with that for AlN and TiN "single layer" coatings. The effect of γ-radiation on mechanical properties of transparent AlN films was investigated. After the exposure …

Materials scienceMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementSputter depositionTungstenIndentation hardnesschemistry.chemical_compoundFracture toughnesschemistrySputteringTungsten carbidevisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicTinSPIE Proceedings
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The Effect of Building Direction on Microstructure and Microhardness during Selective Laser Melting of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy

2021

AbstractDuring the last few years, additive manufacturing has been more and more extensively used in several industries, especially in the aerospace and medical device fields, to produce Ti6Al4V titanium alloy parts. During the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process, the heterogeneity of finished product is strictly connected to the scan strategies and the building direction. An optimal managing of the latter parameters allows to better control and defines the final mechanical and metallurgical properties of parts. Acting on the building direction it is also possible to optimize the critical support structure. In particular, more support structures are needed for the sample at 0°, while very…

Materials scienceMicroscopebusiness.industryScanning electron microscopeMechanical EngineeringTitanium alloyAdditive manufacturing (AM)MicrostructureLaserIndentation hardnesslaw.inventionMechanics of Materialslawtitanium alloysGeneral Materials ScienceSelective laser meltingComposite materialAerospacebusinessselective laser melting (SLM)building direction
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Nanostructured metal/oxide coatings

2007

Al based nanocomposite coatings on Cu and glass substrates were obtained in the conditions of severe shear stresses by deformation scheme similar to that of friction. Structure, composition and micromechanical properties were investigated using AFM, XRD, SIMS, electron, optical microscopy and precision microindentation techniques. Coatings are characterized by the high microhardness and good adhesion to the substrates. This is determined by the formation of nanostructured Al-oxide composite stabilized by the presence of oxidized interlayers, which are barriers for the grain growth and intermetallic phase formation. The annealing in vacuum leads to the development of oxygen redistribution pr…

Materials scienceNanocompositeAnnealing (metallurgy)MetallurgyComposite numberOxideIntermetallicCondensed Matter PhysicsIndentation hardnesslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundGrain growthchemistryOptical microscopelawComposite materialphysica status solidi c
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Ceramic/metal nanocomposites by lyophilization: Spark plasma sintering and hardness

2014

The present study is focused on the procedure of spray-drying and lyophilization techniques for the preparation of ceramic/metal nanocomposites. The results of the study at all stages are compared with those corresponding to powders conventionally dried by heating in furnace. Starting from aqueous solutions of metal salts and ceramic powders, the procedure follows with spray-drying, lyophilization, calcination of the resulting powders and subsequent Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). X-ray diffraction analysis of the powders at different stages of the processing routes was used for phase indexing; further characterization was performed by Transmission Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-…

Materials scienceNanocompositeProcess Chemistry and TechnologySpark plasma sinteringMechanical propertiesNanocompositesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionHardnessTransmission electron microscopylawFreeze-dryingvisual_artVickers hardness testMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumZrO2Cubic zirconiaNanometreCalcinationCeramicComposite materialCeramics International
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Mechanical properties of the nanometer scale pre-crystalline order of a poly (ethylene terepthalate) / poly (ethylene naphthalene) blend

2006

A previous study carried out on PET has shown that this polymer undergoes a continuous structural modification over a wide cooling rate interval when solidified from the melt[1] assuming a semi-crystalline structure below 2 K s 1 and a completely amorphous one above 100 K s 1. Most important was the existence of a state of intermediate order between the above cooling rates which was evidenced by the absence of crystalline reflections in the WAXS patterns and the occurrence of SAXS maxima[2] and exothermic peak areas (DSC) in the cooling rate range above 2 K s 1. Microhardness (MH) measurements revealed that this phase affects the mechanical properties[3] plausible if one thinks of crystalli…

Materials scienceNanostructurePolymers and PlasticsnanoindentationOrganic ChemistryNanoindentationIndentation hardnesscrystalline clusterpolyester blendAmorphous solidPolyesterSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMaterials ChemistryNanometreatomic force microscopy (AFM)Polymer blendComposite materialElastic modulus
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Properties of ZnO coatings obtained by mechanoactivated oxidation

2009

In this work a new method based on the mechanoactivated oxidation has been applied for obtaining thin nanostructured transparent ZnO coatings on glass. Zn has been transferred onto a glass substrate at room temperature using a quickly rotating steel wire brush. Afterwards by subsequent annealing it is modified into a transparent ZnO coating. The temperature range in which formation of the needle-like (whiskers) structure and transition to the fine-grained structure occurs has been determined. The interrelation between physical properties and the change of microstructure of the ZnO coatings has been shown.

Materials sciencePhotoluminescenceNanostructureAnnealing (metallurgy)WhiskersMetallurgyMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesAtmospheric temperature rangeengineering.materialMicrostructureIndentation hardnessSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCoatingMaterials ChemistryengineeringComposite materialThin Solid Films
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Threshold Voltage Variability of NROM Memories After Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

2012

Threshold voltage (V-th) behavior of nitride readonly memories (NROMs) was studied after irradiation with photons (gamma-and X-rays), light and heavy ions. Both programmed and nonprogrammed single cells were investigated. The data suggest that two main physical phenomena are contributing to V-th variation and that the V-th loss and the variability can be modeled by a Weibull statistics with a shape parameter k similar to 2.2 regardless of the irradiation species and total dose. The same peculiarities were found in large memory arrays, confirming the results from single-cell studies but with significantly larger statistics. Hence, once the irradiation dose is known, the V-th loss distributio…

Materials sciencePhotonbusiness.industryoxide-nitride-oxide (ONO)radiation hardnessFlash memoriesShape parameterElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsThreshold voltageIonizing radiationNon-volatile memoryFlash memories nitride read-only memories (NROMs) oxide–nitride–oxide (ONO) radiation hardness.nitride read-only memories (NROMs)OptoelectronicsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessRadiation hardeningWeibull distribution
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The solidification behavior of a PBT/PET blend over a wide range of cooling rate

2009

In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of high-performance polyester blends, among which blends of polybutylene terephthalate/polyethylene terephthalate (PBT/PET) are expected to exhibit remarkable properties as far as their crystallization behavior is concerned. Through trial and error, appropriate commercial compositions have been chosen which could not be otherwise explained by a suitable interpretation of the mechanisms determining their solidification behavior. The solidification behavior of a 60/40 w/w PBT/PET blend was studied in a wide range of cooling conditions, according to a continuous cooling transformation (CCT) procedure developed previously, aiming …

Materials sciencePolymers and Plastics02 engineering and technologyContinuous cooling transformation010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIndentation hardnesslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolyethylene terephthalatePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialCrystallizationchemistry.chemical_classificationPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesPolyesterPolybutylene terephthalatechemistryPolymer blend0210 nano-technologyJournal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
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The combined influence of grain size distribution and dislocation density on hardness of interstitial free steel

2020

Abstract Understanding the relationship between microstructure features and mechanical properties is of great significance for the improvement and specific adjustment of steel properties. The relationship between mean grain size and yield strength is established by the well-known Hall-Petch equation. But due to the complexity of the grain configuration within materials, considering only the mean value is unlikely to give a complete representation of the mechanical behavior. The classical Taylor equation is often used to account for the effect of dislocation density, but not thoroughly tested in combination with grain size influence. In the present study, systematic heat treatment routes and…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsAnnealing (metallurgy)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryGrain size distribution01 natural scienceslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOptical microscopelawHardnessMaterials ChemistryDislocation densityComposite materialMechanical EngineeringMean valueMetals and Alloys021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructureGrain size0104 chemical sciencesMechanics of MaterialsParticle-size distributionCeramics and CompositesKurtosis0210 nano-technologyInterstitial free steel
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