Search results for "Harm"

showing 10 items of 13866 documents

Postnatal Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Treatments Prevent Early Ketamine-Induced Cortical Dysfunctions in Adult Mice

2020

Early brain insult, interfering with its maturation, may result in psychotic-like disturbances in adult life. Redox dysfunctions and neuroinflammation contribute to long-term psychiatric consequences due to neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Here, we investigated the effects of early pharmacological modulation of the redox and inflammatory states, through celastrol, and indomethacin administration, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) amount, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1, SOD1, glutathione, GSH, and catalase, CAT), as well as of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α, interleukin-6, IL-6, and interleukin-1 beta, IL-1β), i…

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantketaminemedicine.medical_treatmentPharmacologylcsh:RC321-571Superoxide dismutaseLipid peroxidation03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineindomethacinmedicinelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatrycelastrolNeuroinflammationOriginal Researchchemistry.chemical_classificationprefrontal cortexReactive oxygen speciesbiologybusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceGlutathioneMalondialdehydeanimal models030104 developmental biologychemistryinflammationCelastrolredoxbiology.proteinbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neuroscience
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The prophylactic effect of aEugenia aqueaextract against oxidative stress and inflammation associated with the development of arthritis in an adjuvan…

2018

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common human autoimmune disease. A petroleum ether extract of Eugenia aquea (E. aquea) was analyzed by GC/MS. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). An AIA rat model received orally/daily a vehicle, diclofenac (100 mg per kg b.w.), and E. aquea extract (50 or 100 or 200 mg per kg b.w.; for 21 days). Fifty-five out of 70 compounds (97.77%) were identified: eucalyptol (34.14%), α-pinene (15.91%), l-verbenone (8.01%), camphor (7.38%) and borneol (6.74%). In an acute oral toxicity study, the E. aquea extract did not show any toxic effects in rats at 2000 mg/ kg-1. Only a high dose of the…

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentAnti-Inflammatory AgentsArthritisInflammationPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeEugeniaAntioxidantsBorneolArthritis Rheumatoid03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDiclofenacmedicineAnimalsHumansBicyclic MonoterpenesEucalyptolPlant Extractsbusiness.industryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRatsOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyEucalyptolchemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRheumatoid arthritisMonoterpenesFemalemedicine.symptombusinessOxidative stressFood Sciencemedicine.drugFood & Function
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Redox Imbalance and Mitochondrial Release of Apoptogenic Factors at the Forefront of the Antitumor Action of Mango Peel Extract

2021

Today, an improved understanding of cancer cell response to cellular stress has become more necessary. Indeed, targeting the intracellular pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance triggering the tumor commitment to cell demise could represent an advantageous strategy to develop cancer-tailored therapies. In this scenario, the present study shows how the peel extract of mango—a tropical fruit rich in phytochemicals with nutraceutical properties—can affect the cell viability of three colon cancer cell lines (HT29, Caco-2 and HCT116), inducing an imbalance of cellular redox responses. By using hydro-alcoholic mango peel extract (MPE), we observed a consistent decline in thiol group content, which was a…

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentCellPharmaceutical ScienceOrganic chemistryApoptosisphytochemicalArticleAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineQD241-441Downregulation and upregulationCell Line TumorNeoplasmsDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansViability assayPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMethyl gallateMembrane Potential MitochondrialMangiferaPlant Extractsmitochondrial apoptogenic proteinsphytochemicalsAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicBcl-2 family proteinCell biologyMitochondriaBcl-2 family proteins030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCancer cellMolecular MedicineVDAC1Oxidation-ReductionIntracellularmitochondria injuryMolecules
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AphaMax®, an Aphanizomenon Flos-Aquae Aqueous Extract, Exerts Intestinal Protective Effects in Experimental Colitis in Rats

2020

Background: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a unicellular cyanobacterium considered to be a &ldquo

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentInflammationlcsh:TX341-641Pharmacologymedicine.disease_causeInflammatory bowel disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systeminflammatory bowel diseasemedicineColitisblue-green algaechemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesNutrition and DieteticsbiologyAphanizomenon flos-aquaemedicine.disease030104 developmental biologychemistryinflammation030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMyeloperoxidasebiology.proteinmedicine.symptomlcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyOxidative stressFood ScienceNutrients
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Profile of Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Phytosterols and Polyphenols in Mediterranean Oils (Argan Oils, Olive Oils, Milk Thistle Seed Oils and Nigella S…

2019

Background: The effects of vegetable oils on human health depend on their components. Therefore, their profiles of lipid nutrients and polyphenols were determined. Objective: To establish and compare the fatty acid, tocopherol, phytosterol and polyphenol profiles of Mediterranean oils: cosmetic and dietary argan oils (AO; Morocco: Agadir, Berkane); olive oils (OO; Morocco, Spain, Tunisia); milk thistle seed oils (MTSO; Tunisia: Bizerte, Sousse, Zaghouane); nigella seed oil (NSO). Methods: The biochemical profiles were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization, high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry as required. The antioxidant …

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentLinoleic acidmediterranean oilsTocopherolsAntioxidantsCell LineMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansMilk ThistlePlant OilsFood sciencecytoprotective activitiesOlive OilNigella2. Zero hungerPharmacologybiologyPhytosterolFatty AcidsPhytosterolsPolyphenolsfood and beverages[SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciencesbiology.organism_classificationNigellaantioxidant propertiesOleic acid030104 developmental biologySpinasterolchemistryPolyphenol030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSeedsHydroxytyrosol[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionCurrent Pharmaceutical Design
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Natural Compounds as Beneficial Antioxidant Agents in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Focus on Alzheimer’s Disease

2019

The positive role of nutrition in chronic neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) suggests that dietary interventions represent helpful tools for preventing NDs. In particular, diets enriched with natural compounds have become an increasingly attractive, non-invasive, and inexpensive option to support a healthy brain and to potentially treat NDs. Bioactive compounds found in vegetables or microalgae possess special properties able to counteract oxidative stress, which is involved as a triggering factor in neurodegeneration. Here, we briefly review the relevant experimental data on curcuminoids, silymarin, chlorogenic acid, and compounds derived from the microalga Aphanizomenon flos aquae (AFA) whi…

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantsilymarincurcuminoidsPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentchlorogenic acidClinical BiochemistryAphanizomenon flos-aquae (dietary supplement)ReviewDiseasePharmacologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistrySettore BIO/09 - Fisiologia03 medical and health sciencesDietary interventions0302 clinical medicineneurodegenerative diseasemedicineneurodegenerative diseasesMolecular BiologyBeneficial effectsbusiness.industrymicroalgaeNeurodegenerationCell Biologymedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyAphanizomenon flos aquaecurcuminoidbusinessAlzheimer’s disease030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOxidative stress
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Novel iodoacetamido benzoheterocyclic derivatives with potent antileukemic activity are inhibitors of STAT5 phosphorylation

2016

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 (STAT5) protein, a component of the STAT family of signaling proteins, is considered to be an attractive therapeutic target because of its involvement in the progression of acute myeloid leukemia. In an effort to discover potent molecules able to inhibit the phosphorylation-activation of STAT5, twenty-two compounds were synthesized and evaluated on the basis of our knowledge of the activity of 2-(3’,4’,5’-trimethoxybenzoyl)-3-iodoacetamido-6-methoxy benzo[b]furan derivative 1 as a potent STAT5 inhibitor. Most of these molecules, structurally related to compound 1, were characterized by the presence of a common 3’,4’,5’-trimethoxybenzoyl moi…

0301 basic medicineApoptosisAntineoplastic Agentchemistry.chemical_compoundBenzophenone0302 clinical medicinehemic and lymphatic diseasesFuranDrug DiscoverySTAT5 Transcription FactorTumor Cells CulturedThiopheneMoietyPhosphorylationSTAT5Molecular StructurebiologyChemistryBiological activityGeneral MedicineApoptosis; BCR/ABL expressing leukemia; In vitro antiproliferative activity; STAT5 inhibitors; Structure-activity relationship; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic Chemistry; PharmacologyLeukemia Myeloid Acute030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBCR/ABL expressing leukemiaApoptosis; BCR/ABL expressing leukemia; In vitro antiproliferative activity; STAT5 inhibitors; Structure-activity relationship; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Benzofurans; Benzophenones; Cell Proliferation; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Screening Assays Antitumor; Humans; K562 Cells; Leukemia Myeloid Acute; Molecular Structure; Phosphorylation; STAT5 Transcription Factor; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tumor Cells Cultured; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic Chemistry; PharmacologyHumanStereochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsArticleNOBenzophenones03 medical and health sciencesK562 CellHumansStructure–activity relationshipBenzofuransCell ProliferationPharmacologyIndole testDose-Response Relationship DrugIn vitro antiproliferative activitySTAT5 inhibitorsDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryApoptosiSTAT5 inhibitorStructure-activity relationshipIn vitro030104 developmental biologybiology.proteinBenzofuranDrug Screening Assays AntitumorK562 Cells
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Total coumarins of Hedyotis diffusa induces apoptosis of myelodysplastic syndrome SKM-1 cells by activation of caspases and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pa…

2016

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Hedyotis diffusa is an ethno-medicine used for anti-cancer treatment in the clinic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The total coumarins of Hedyotis diffusa (TCHD) was a selected extract with observed antiproliferative activity, which has not been tested in treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Aim of the study This study aimed to evaluate the apoptosis-inducing effect of TCHD on human MDS cell line (SKM-1) and explore its action mechanism in association with caspase family and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Materials and methods The chemical constituents and total coumarins content of TCHD were determined by …

0301 basic medicineApoptosisPharmacologyCell LineHedyotis diffusa03 medical and health sciencesPhosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases0302 clinical medicineWestern blotCoumarinsDrug DiscoverymedicineHedyotisHumansMTT assayPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayCaspaseCells CulturedCell ProliferationPharmacologyHedyotismedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industryAkt/PKB signaling pathwayMesenchymal Stem Cellsbiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyApoptosis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCaspasesMyelodysplastic SyndromesImmunologybiology.proteinbusinessProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktJournal of ethnopharmacology
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Diversity, evolution, and function of myriapod hemocyanins.

2018

Background Hemocyanin transports O2 in the hemolymph of many arthropod species. Such respiratory proteins have long been considered unnecessary in Myriapoda. As a result, the presence of hemocyanin in Myriapoda has long been overlooked. We analyzed transcriptome and genome sequences from all major myriapod taxa – Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla, and Pauropoda – with the aim of identifying hemocyanin-like proteins. Results We investigated the genomes and transcriptomes of 56 myriapod species and identified 46 novel full-length hemocyanin subunit sequences in 20 species of Chilopoda, Diplopoda, and Symphyla, but not Pauropoda. We found in Cleidogona sp. (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida) a hemocyanin-…

0301 basic medicineArthropodaEvolutionmedicine.medical_treatmentMyriapodaZoologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenacomplex mixturesHemocyaninPauropodaEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesHemolymphmedicineQH359-425AnimalsAmino Acid SequenceRNA MessengerArthropodsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenyBinding SitesbiologyBase SequenceMonophenol MonooxygenaseMyriapodaGenetic VariationHemocyaninhemic and immune systemsbiology.organism_classificationRespiratory proteinOxygenProtein Subunits030104 developmental biologyHemocyaninsPhenoloxidaseSubunit diversityArthropodSymphylaCentipedeCopperResearch ArticleBMC evolutionary biology
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The Interplay between Metabolism, PPAR Signaling Pathway, and Cancer

2017

0301 basic medicineArticle SubjectCancerMetabolismBiologymedicine.diseasePPAR signaling pathway03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineEditoriallcsh:Biology (General)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDrug DiscoverymedicineCancer researchPharmacology (medical)lcsh:QH301-705.5PPAR Research
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