Search results for "Hazard"
showing 10 items of 1517 documents
Prevalence and 30-Day Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19 and Prior Lung Diseases.
2021
Patients with pre-existing respiratory diseases in the setting of COVID-19 may have a greater risk of severe complications and even death.A retrospective, multicenter, cohort study with 5847 COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals. Patients were separated in two groups, with/without previous lung disease. Evaluation of factors associated with survival and secondary composite end-point such as ICU admission and respiratory support, were explored.1,271 patients (22%) had a previous lung disease, mostly COPD. All-cause mortality occurred in 376 patients with lung disease (29.5%) and in 819 patients without (17.9%) (Previous lung disease is a risk factor for mortality in patients with COVID-19.…
Hazards That Can Affect CNC Machine Tools during Operation—An AHP Approach
2020
CNC (computer numerically controlled) machine tools are highly advanced technological systems, used to machine parts by means of metal cutting processes. Their structure and kinematics are very complex, involving accurate coordinated motions on three to five axes. Operating CNC machine tools is a complicated process, which can easily be affected by errors. Nowadays, safety systems and devices are developed in order to make this process safer and more user friendly. Modern CNC controllers are designed to deal with obvious sources of hazards, such as overloads (by means of various sensor systems) and collisions (by checking the NC code syntax and simulating it on the machine). However, despit…
Identifying Images with Ladders Using Deep CNN Transfer Learning
2019
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) as well as transfer learning using their pre-trained models often find applications in image classification tasks. In this paper, we explore the utilization of pre-trained CNNs for identifying images containing ladders. We target a particular use case, where an insurance firm, in order to decide the price for workers’ compensation insurance for its client companies, would like to assess the risk involved in their workplace environments. For this, the workplace images provided by the client companies can be utilized and the presence of ladders in such images can be considered as a workplace hazard and therefore an indicator of risk. To this end, we e…
A Spatio-temporal Probabilistic Model of Hazard and Crowd Dynamics in Disasters for Evacuation Planning
2013
Published version of a chapter in the book: Recent Trends in Applied Artificial Intelligence. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38577-3_7 Managing the uncertainties that arise in disasters – such as ship fire – can be extremely challenging. Previous work has typically focused either on modeling crowd behavior or hazard dynamics, targeting fully known environments. However, when a disaster strikes, uncertainty about the nature, extent and further development of the hazard is the rule rather than the exception. Additionally, crowd and hazard dynamics are both intertwined and uncertain, making evacuation planning extremely difficult. To address this chal…
Safety study of an LNG regasification plant using an FMECA and HAZOP integrated methodology
2015
Abstract A safety analysis was performed to determine possible accidental events in the storage system used in the liquefied natural gas regasification plant using the integrated application of failure modes, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) and hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) methodologies. The goal of the FMECA technique is the estimation of component failure modes and their major effects, whereas HAZOP is a structured and systematic technique that provides an identification of the hazards and the operability problems using logical sequences of cause-deviation-consequence of process parameters. The proposed FMECA and HAZOP integrated analysis (FHIA) has been designed as a …
Integration of interlock system analysis with automated HAZOP analysis
2001
Abstract The paper details the integration of a method for the analysis of interlock systems with a software support system for HAZOP analysis. The proposed software aims to enhance the potential of HAZOP in terms of depth and efficiency of the analysis. This enhancement is reached through the continuation of the hazard and operability analysis, limited to a group of events which may hold high risks for the plant and/or surrounding environment. The analysis technique of the emergency interlock systems and other plant protection measures proposed by the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) of the American Institution of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) has been assumed as a starting point. Th…
Assessment of the interpretability of data mining for the spatial modelling of water erosion using game theory
2021
Abstract This study undertook a comprehensive application of 15 data mining (DM) models, most of which have, thus far, not been commonly used in environmental sciences, to predict land susceptibility to water erosion hazard in the Kahorestan catchment, southern Iran. The DM models were BGLM, BGAM, Cforest, CITree, GAMS, LRSS, NCPQR, PLS, PLSGLM, QR, RLM, SGB, SVM, BCART and BTR. We identified 18 factors usually considered as key controls for water erosion, comprising 10 factors extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM), three indices extracted from Landsat 8 images, a sediment connectivity index (SCI) and three other intrinsic factors. Three indicators consisting of MAE, MBE, RMSE, and…
Escape planning in realistic fire scenarios with Ant Colony Optimisation
2014
Published version of an article from the journal:Applied Intelligence Also available on Springerlink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10489-014-0538-9 An emergency requiring evacuation is a chaotic event, filled with uncertainties both for the people affected and rescuers. The evacuees are often left to themselves for navigation to the escape area. The chaotic situation increases when predefined escape routes are blocked by a hazard, and there is a need to re-think which escape route is safest. This paper addresses automatically finding the safest escape routes in emergency situations in large buildings or ships with imperfect knowledge of the hazards. The proposed solution, based on Ant Colony …
Automating HAZOP analysis of batch processes
1999
Abstract A support system for the hazard and operabilty studies of batch processes is presented. The search of causes and consequences is automatically performed using similar qualitative models, in form of logic minitrees, for the phases of the operation procedure and the equipment units. More models are considered for the equipment units, one for each subtask in wich they are involved. The search algorithm is integrated by rules for subdividing the plant to be analysed in nodes.
Geo-hazards of the San Vito peninsula offshore (southwestern Tyrrhenian Sea)
2021
Geomorphological Tools for Mapping Natural Hazards.-- 12 pages, 7 figures, supplemental material https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2020.1866703.-- Software: The geomorphological main map and the Figures in the text were compiled using GLOBAL MAPPER, Surfer and Quantum-G GIS Software and redesigned to print with Adobe Illustrator