Search results for "Hazelnut"

Gametic embryogenesis through isolated microspore culture in Corylus avellana L.

2015

Haploid technology is a valuable plant breeding tool for obtaining homozygosity particularly in woody plants. Hazelnut, the world’s sixth ranking nut tree crop is a monoecious, anemophilous species. It is characterized by a sporophytic incompatibility system that prevents production of homozygous plants with conventional methods, involving several self-pollination cycles. In this study, gametic embryogenesis, in particular isolated microspore culture, was tried with five genotypes. Two culture media were tested and four temperature stress treatments were applied to the isolated microspores that were cultivated at the vacuolated developmental stage. To our knowledge, this is the first report…

DEALING WITH RISK IN AGRICULTURE: A CROP LEVEL ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT PROPOSAL FOR ITALIAN FARMS

2020

Risk management plays a critical role in agriculture, which is particularly exposed to multiple and heterogeneous risk factors. In addition to the traditional basic risks that generally characterize any business venture, agriculture faces external factors, generally difficult to control and with a strong impact on farm profitability. These are firstly environmental (pests and diseases) and climatic conditions that affect the quantity and quality of agricultural production, but also the structural constraints of the agricultural market, which is characterised by a high degree of supply rigidity, price volatility and inelasticity of demand. This leads to the need to implement risk management …

A critical approach to the toxic metal ion removal by hazelnut and almond shells

2018

The adsorption capacity of ground hazelnut (HS) and almond (AS) shells towards Pb(II) and Cd(II) has been studied at pH = 5, in NaNO3 and NaCl ionic media, in the ionic strength range 0.05-0.5 mol L-1. Kinetic and equilibrium experiments were carried out by using the Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry technique to check the amount of the metal ion removed by HS and AS materials. Different kinetic and equilibrium equations were used to fit experimental data and a statistical study was done to establish the suitable model for the data fitting. A speciation study of the metal ions in solution was also done in order to evaluate the influence of the ionic medium on the adsorption pr…

Hexamermis sp. an entomopathogenous nematode associated with the European stink bug

2008

The nematodes of the Mermithidae family are a large and important group obligatory parasite of arthropods, principally insects, and are almost always lethal to their hosts. They are usually specific to a single species or to one or two families of them. A mermithid of the genus Hexamermis Steiner, was found parasiting the stink bug Rhaphigaster nebulosa Poda (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), present on hazelnut plants in the Piedmont region. The bug feeds on various broadleaved woody plant and is considered a serious pest for Mermithidae in Italy. Considerations regarding the taxonomy of the Hexamermis genus are reported. From the taxonomic point of view is very difficult to describe the different…

Microspore-derived embryo recovery trough isolated microspore culture in Corylus avellana L.

2014

STUDY ON GAMETIC EMBRYOGENESIS VIA IN VITRO ANTHER AND ISOLATED MICROSPORE CULTURE IN FRUIT CROPS

2014

Fruit breeding is mainly based on both conventional (hybridization, mutation and selection) or biotechnological methods (somatic hybridization, genetic transformation and haploid production). The genetic improvement through the conventional methods is limited by many factors such as fruit trees long juvenile period, high heterozygosity, large size and sexual incompatibility. Haploids and doubled haploids, obtained through gametic embryogenesis have a potential use in fruit crops genetic improvement. The change of the microspores fate from the normal gametopytic pathway towards the sporophytic induction is affected by numerous factors. Genotype, medium composition and stress were considered …

Modelling strategies for the reduction of fat dormice in northern Italian hazel groves

2018

The production of hazelnuts represents an important resource for several Italian rural areas. Sicily and Piedmont, two of the most important producers of hazelnuts, are affected by the presence of the dormouse (Glis glis), that has considerably severely harmed the production of hazelnuts. This study aims to analyse the issue in the Province of Cuneo in Piedmont and to evaluate the sustainability of the policies implemented by using the system dynamics (SD) methodology. An SD predator-prey microworld was built to reproduce the main relevant cause and effect relationships between the development of the dormouse population and local hazelnut production. The results of the SD microworld simulat…

Development of New Bio-based Materials Derived from Sicilian Agri-Food Industry Waste

2023

La necessità di soluzioni di materiali da costruzione a base biologica e sostenibili è aumentata drammaticamente nell’ultimo ventennio. Questa ricerca esplora i possibili modi per riutilizzare materiale di scarto a base biologica (come i gusci della frutta secca), derivati dall'industria agroalimentare, per la produzione di nuovi materiali da costruzione sani in linea con i principi dell'economia circolare. L’analisi di alcuni casi di studio precedenti e le attuali ricerche dimostrato la possibilità di riutilizzare i gusci della frutta secca per la realizzazione di nuovi componenti edilizi. Le attuali tendenze mostrano che le resine sintetiche sono sempre più usati come legante per incollar…

The Use of Waste Hazelnut Shells as a Reinforcement in the Development of Green Biocomposites.

2022

Biodegradable Mater-Bi (MB) composites reinforced with hazelnut shell (HS) powder were prepared in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder followed by compression molding and injection molding. The effects of reinforcement on the morphology, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and thermal and rheological properties of MB/HS biocomposites were studied. Rheological tests showed that the incorporation of HS significantly increased the viscosity of composites with non-Newtonian behavior at low frequencies. On the other hand, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination revealed poor interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the filler. The thermal property results indicated that HS could …

The production management of hazelnuts in province of Cuneo, under a system dynamics approach. How the dormice affect its performance.

2019

The production of hazelnuts represents an important resource in several Italian rural areas. Sicily and Piedmont, ones of the most important producers of hazelnuts, are affected by the presence of a rodent (Glis Glis), that has reduced considerably the production of hazelnuts. This project aims to show the complexity of the issue by using a System Dynamics (SD) approach to help the decision-makers to implement an optimal policy to improve the performance of production management of hazelnuts, taking as example the case of Province of Cuneo. By using the case of Province of Cuneo where Policy-makers have applied some policies to reduce the impact of the presence of the rodent, a SD microworl…