Search results for "Helicity"

showing 10 items of 208 documents

Measurement of theWboson helicity in top quark decays using5.4  fb−1ofpp¯collision data

2011

We present a measurement of the helicity of the W boson produced in top quark decays using t{bar t} decays in the {ell}+jets and dilepton final states selected from a sample of 5.4 fb{sup -1} of collisions recorded using the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron p{bar p} collider. We measure the fractions of longitudinal and right-handed W bosons to be f{sub 0} = 0.669 {+-} 0.102 [{+-}0.078 (stat.) {+-} 0.065 (syst.)] and f{sub +} = 0.023 {+-} 0.053 [{+-}0.041 (stat.){+-}0.034 (syst.)], respectively. This result is consistent at the 98% level with the standard model. A measurement with f{sub 0} fixed to the value from the standard model yields f{sub +} = 0.010 {+-} 0.037 [{+-}0.022 (stat.) {…

QuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsTop quark010308 nuclear & particles physicsTevatronElementary particle01 natural sciencesHelicityStandard ModelNuclear physicsParticle decay0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsBosonPhysical Review D
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Covariant trace formalism for heavy mesons-wave top-wave transitions

1993

Heavy meson,s- top-wave, weakb→c transitions are studied in the context of the heavy quark effective theory using covariant meson wave functions. We use the trace formalism to evaluate the weak transitions. As expected from heavy quark symmetry, the eight transitions betweens- andp-wave states are described in terms of only two universal form factors which are given in terms of explicit wave function overlap integrals. We present our results in terms of both invariant and helicity amplitudes. Using our helicity amplitude expressions we discuss rate formulae, helicity structure functions and joint angular decay distributions in the decays $$\bar B \to D^{**} ( \to (D,D^* ) + \pi ) + W^ - ( \…

QuarkPhysicsParticle physicsBethe–Salpeter equationPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MesonHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHelicityAmplitudePionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCovariant transformationWave functionEngineering (miscellaneous)Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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Measurement ofW-Boson Polarization in Top-Quark Decay inpp¯Collisions ats=1.96  TeV

2010

We report measurements of the polarization of W bosons from top-quark decays using 2.7 fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions collected by the CDF II detector. Assuming a top-quark mass of 175 GeV/c(2), three measurements are performed. A simultaneous measurement of the fraction of longitudinal (f(0)) and right-handed (f(0)) W bosons yields the model- independent results f(0) =0. 88 +/- 0.11(stat) +/- 0.06(syst) and f(+) = 0.15 +/- 0.07(stat) +/- 0.06(syst) with a correlation coefficient of -0.59. A measurement of f(0) [f(+)] constraining f(+) [f(0)] to its standard model value of 0.0 [0.7] yields f(0) 0.70 + 0.07(stat) +/- 0.04(syst) [f(+) - 0.01 +/- 0.02(stat) +/- 0.05(syst)]. All these resu…

QuarkPhysicsParticle physicsTop quark010308 nuclear & particles physicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElementary particleFermion01 natural sciencesHelicityNuclear physicsPair production0103 physical sciencesGrand Unified Theory010306 general physicsBosonPhysical Review Letters
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Dimensional reduction methods in QCD

1994

We apply the technique of dimensional reduction to massless quantum chromodynamics. It is shown that compared to conventional dimensional regularization methods calculations of radiative corrections at the one-loop level are less involved. We discuss the use of helicity methods within this framework and as an application we evaluate the one-loop corrections to the parity-violating cross sections and to the quark forwardbackward asymmetric polarization in\(e^ + e^ - \to V \to q\bar q(g)\). Finally, we demonstrate that further simplifications occur in the computation of structure functions including the parity-violating structure function in quark- and gluoninitiated electroproduction process…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Electron–positron annihilationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHelicityRenormalizationMassless particleDimensional regularizationDimensional reductionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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QCD Jets at HERA II.O(? s 2 ) four-jet cross-sections

1989

We present exact expressions for theO(α s 2 ) tree graph four-jet cross-sections in neutral current and charged current deep inelasticep scattering initiated by quarks, antiquarks and gluons including lepton polarization effects. Using helicity amplitudes the partonic cross-sections are given in concise form including all colour, flavour and statistical factors. We explicate the electroweak coupling dependence and state how the partonic cross-sections are folded with the respective parton densities to obtain theep jet cross-sections toO(α s 2 ). We present some numerical results for the neutral current one-photon exchange case. We elaborate on the cut dependence of the jet rates and present…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Neutral currentHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElectroweak interactionPartonHERAHelicityGluonNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Zeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields
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Beam-Recoil Polarization Measurement of π0 Electroproduction on the Proton in the Region of the Roper Resonance

2017

The helicity-dependent recoil proton polarizations P_{x}^{'} and P_{z}^{'} as well as the helicity-independent component P_{y} have been measured in the p(e[over →],e^{'}p[over →])π^{0} reaction at four-momentum transfer Q^{2}≃0.1  GeV^{2}, center-of-mass proton emission angle θ_{p}^{*}≃90°, and invariant mass W≃1440  MeV. This first precise measurement of double-polarization observables in the energy domain of the Roper resonance P_{11}(1440) by exploiting recoil polarimetry has allowed for the extraction of its scalar electroexcitation amplitude at an unprecedentedly low value of Q^{2}, establishing a powerful instrument for probing the interplay of quark and meson degrees of freedom in t…

QuarkRoper resonanceMesonpseudoscalar meson: production[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]Nuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and Astronomy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsRecoil0103 physical sciencesp: recoilInvariant masselectron: beamProton emissionnumerical calculations010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentMonte Carlohydrogen: targetPhysicspolarizationN(1440)010308 nuclear & particles physicsbeam: currenthelicityAmplitudekinematicsdifferential cross sectionpi0: electroproductionBeam-Recoil Polarization MeasurementNucleon
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The dependence of dichroism in VUV-photoemission on the optical properties of adsorbates: Cs-monolayer on W(110)

1998

Abstract We report on the dependence of dichroic photoemission excited by polarised light on the angle of photon incidence. We measured the difference in the angle-resolved photoemission intensities from Cs-5p semi-corelevels excited by photons of opposite helicity, known as CDAD and of orthogonal linear polarisation—LDAD. We found that the dependence of dichroism on the angle of incidence can not be described by the equations used in the photoemission model for free atomic states. A complex consideration of the parallel and perpendicular components of the vector potential of the exciting light is needed, including the phase shift between these components. The phase shift is produced by the…

RadiationPhotonbusiness.industryChemistryPhysics::OpticsDichroismCondensed Matter PhysicsHelicityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeOpticsAngle of incidence (optics)Excited statesymbolsStokes parametersPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsbusinessRefractive indexSpectroscopyExcitationJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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<‘γ*N→Δtransition form factors: A new analysis of data onp(e,e′p)π0atQ2=2.8and4.0 (GeV/c)2

2001

Recent JLab data of the differential cross section for the reaction ${p(e,e}^{\ensuremath{'}}p){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ in the invariant mass region of $1.1lWl1.4 \mathrm{GeV}$ at four-momentum transfer squared ${Q}^{2}=2.8$ and $4.0 (\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^{2}$ are analyzed with two models, both of which give an excellent description of most of the existing pion electroproduction data below $Wl1.5 \mathrm{GeV}.$ We find that at up to ${Q}^{2}=4.0 (\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^{2},$ the extracted helicity amplitudes ${A}_{3/2}$ and ${A}_{/2}$ remain comparable with each other, implying that hadronic helicity is not conserved at this range of ${Q}^{2}.$ The ratios ${E}_{1+}{/M}_{1+}$ obtained show, starting …

Scattering cross-sectionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMeson productionPionHadronZero (complex analysis)High Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massNuclear ExperimentNuclear theoryHelicityPhysical Review C
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Semileptonic decays ofBcmesons into charmonium states in a relativistic quark model

2005

We use the framework of a relativistic constituent quark model to study the semileptonic transitions of the ${B}_{c}$ meson into $(\overline{c}c)$ charmonium states where $(\overline{c}c)={\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}(^{1}S_{0})$, $J/\ensuremath{\psi}(^{3}S_{1})$, ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c0}(^{3}P_{0})$, ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1}(^{3}P_{1})$, ${h}_{c}(^{1}P_{1})$, ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c2}(^{3}P_{2})$, $\ensuremath{\psi}(^{3}D_{2})$. We compute the ${q}^{2}$ dependence of all relevant form factors and give predictions for their semileptonic ${B}_{c}$ decay modes including also their $\ensuremath{\tau}$ modes. We derive a formula for the polar angle distribution of the charged lepton in the $(l{\ens…

Semileptonic decayScattering cross-sectionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMesonHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyQuark modelHelicityHeavy Meson DecayAngular distributionEffective Field TheoryEffective lagrangianQuark modelHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - PhenomenologyLeptonPhysical Review D
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Numerical Simulations of a Flux Rope Ejection

2015

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most violent phenomena observed on the Sun. One of the most successful models to explain CMEs is the flux rope ejection model, where a magnetic flux rope is expelled from the solar corona after a long phase along which the flux rope stays in equilibrium while magnetic energy is being accumulated. However, still many questions are outstanding on the detailed mechanism of the ejection and observations continuously provide new data to interpret and put in the context. Currently, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) are providing new insights into the early phase of CME evo…

SimulationsPhysicsNDASAstronomy and AstrophysicsCoronal loopAstrophysicsCoronaMagnetic fluxNanoflaresMagnetohydrodynamicsQC PhysicsCoronal mass ejections—magnetohydrodynamics—simulations—coronaSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetic helicityPhysics::Space PhysicsCoronal mass ejectionsCoronal mass ejectionCoronaAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsMagnetic cloudQCRopeJournal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
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