Search results for "Hepatitis B Surface Antigens"

showing 10 items of 102 documents

Virological profiles in patients with chronic hepatitis C and overt or occult HBV infection

2002

Abstract OBJECTIVES: The virological profiles of hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and their interplay in cases of coinfection are undefined. A suppressed and occult HBV infection may occur in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative patients with chronic hepatitis C. The HCV core protein is able to inhibit HBV “in vitro,” and serines at positions 99 and 116 are essential for such inhibition. We aimed to assess the HBV and HCV virological profiles in cases of coinfection and to evaluate the relationship between HCV core gene variability and HBV activity. METHODS: Eighty-two anti-HCV positive patients were examined: 35 cases were HBsAg positive, 24 were HBsAg negative with “occult”…

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusHBsAgHCV RNAHepacivirusHepatitis C virusDUAL INFECTION; INTERFERON THERAPY; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; HCV core protein; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; HCV RNAGenome ViralHepacivirusDUAL INFECTIONVirus Replicationmedicine.disease_causeCHRONIC LIVER-DISEASEHepatitis B ChronicINTERFERON THERAPYOrthohepadnavirusHEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMAmedicineHumansAgedHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybiologybusiness.industryHCV core proteinGastroenterologyvirus diseasesHepatitis C ChronicMiddle AgedViral LoadHepatitis Bbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologydigestive system diseasesHepadnaviridaeDNA ViralImmunologyCoinfectionRNA ViralFemalebusinessThe American Journal of Gastroenterology
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Clinical evaluation and applications of the Amplicor HBV Monitor™ test, a quantitative HBV DNA PCR assay

1998

Viral load has emerged recently as a reliable marker of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy in chronic infections, including AIDS and hepatitis C. The clinical management of type B hepatitis could also be improved by monitoring viremia levels in patients with chronic liver disease undergoing anti-viral treatment. To address this question we evaluated the performance of a newly developed, quantitative PCR assay (Amplicor HBV Monitor test, Roche Diagnostic Systems) in the assessment of viremia changes over time in a group of 45 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) who received interferon treatment. Of the 45 patients, 14 were HBsAg and anti-HBeAg positive and 31 HBsAg, HBeAg …

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusHBsAgImmunoblottingViremiaBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionHepatitis B ChronicVirologymedicineHumansHepatitis B e AntigensViremiaHepatitis B AntibodiesHepatitisHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensInterferon-alphavirus diseasesAlanine TransaminaseMiddle AgedViral LoadHepatitis Bmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologydigestive system diseasesTreatment OutcomeImmunoglobulin MHBeAgHepadnaviridaeEvaluation Studies as TopicDNA ViralImmunologyFemaleViral loadJournal of Virological Methods
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Rare pre-core stop-codon mutant nt. 1897 predominates over wide-spread mutant nt. 1896 in an unusual course of chronic hepatitis B

1996

We present a patient with an unusual course of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B who had repeated reactivations of his disease progressing to cirrhosis with terminal liver failure. Each flare up presented like an acute hepatitis with very high titres of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and high inflammatory activity followed by rapid clearance of viraemia. The pre-core genome of HBV isolated from sera during 5 years of follow up was analysed. Direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products derived from consecutive sera showed a rare pre-core stop-codon mutation at nucleotide (nt.) 1897 G --> A with an accompanying mutation nt. 1857 C --> T as well as a stop-cod…

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusMolecular Sequence DataMutantBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionHepatitis B virus PRE betaVirusVirologymedicineHumansHepatitis B e AntigensHepatitis B AntibodiesHepatitis B virusMutationHepatitis B Surface AntigensBase SequenceHepatologyHepatitis BHepatitis B Core AntigensVirologyMolecular biologyStop codonInfectious DiseasesLiverViral replicationHBeAgChronic DiseaseDNA ViralMutationCodon TerminatorLiver FailureSignal TransductionT-Lymphocytes Cytotoxic
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Hepatitis B virus markers among family contacts of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.

1979

A study was undertaken to establish the risk of family contacts of HBsAg carriers acquiring a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. About one-third of all household contacts of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers had signs of past or ongoing HBV infection. Family contacts of HBsAg carriers with high numbers of circulating Dane particles were shown to have a higher risk of developing HBV infection than family contacts of HBsAg carriers without serological evidence of HBV synthesis. The probability of acquiring HBV infection was not different between spouses, parents, children, and brothers and sisters, respectively of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusRadioimmunoassaySerological evidenceFluorescent Antibody TechniqueDNA-Directed DNA Polymerasemedicine.disease_causeHepatitis b surface antigenAsymptomaticHepatitis B AntigensmedicineHumansChildHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryCarrier stateGastroenterologyvirus diseasesHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BVirologydigestive system diseasesLiverImmunologyCarrier StateHbsag carrierFemalemedicine.symptombusinessLiver pathologyScandinavian journal of gastroenterology
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No detection of occult HBV-DNA in patients with various rheumatic diseases treated with anti-TNF agents: a two-year prospective study.

2013

OBJECTIVES: The widespread use of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-targeted therapies in patients with rheumatic, digestive and dermatologic diseases has been associated with reports of reactivation of HBV replication and ensuing hepatitis flares both in asymptomatic HBsAg carriers and in subjects with occult HBV infection. The aim of our work was to investigate in a two-year prospective study the potential for HBV reactivation in patients with inflammatory joint diseases undergoing anti-TNF treatment from a southern Mediterranean area. METHODS: Fifty-seven consecutive outpatients attending the Academic Unit of Rheumatology at the University of Palermo (12 with rheumatoid arthritis, 17 with pso…

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusTime Factorsoccult HBV-DNAAntiviral AgentsPolymerase Chain ReactionRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsRheumatic Diseasesoccult HBV-DNA rheumatic diseases anti-TNFHumansProspective Studiesrheumatic diseaseAcademic Medical CentersHepatitis B Surface AntigensTumor Necrosis Factor-alphavirus diseasesanti-TNFMiddle AgedHepatitis Bdigestive system diseasesTreatment OutcomeItalyLamivudineAntirheumatic AgentsDNA ViralFemaleVirus ActivationBiomarkers
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Immune blot analysis of viral surface proteins in serum and liver of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

1989

The small and the middle surface proteins of hepatitis virus form either the virion or the 22 nm particle both of which are secreted. The large surface protein by itself remains cell bound in artificially transfected cell culture unless it is accompanied by an excess of the smaller protens. Its behavior in vivo is not yet well studied. Using specific monoclonal antibodies for immunoblotting, we found an abundance of small surface protein in the serum of chronic virus carriers and moderate amounts in the liver irrespective of viremia. The large surface protein was present in the serum and the liver of viremic carriers. In nonviremic carriers, the large protein was absent from serum, but in t…

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusmedicine.drug_classvirusesImmunoblottingBiologyMonoclonal antibodymedicine.disease_causeVirus03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineViral envelopeVirologymedicineHumansAgedHepatitis Chronic030304 developmental biologyHepatitis B virusHepatitis0303 health sciencesHepatitis B Surface AntigensMiddle AgedHepatitis Bbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyMolecular biology3. Good healthBlotBloodInfectious DiseasesLiverHepadnaviridaeCell cultureFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyJournal of Medical Virology
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Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a Cohort of HIV-Positive Patients Resident in Sicily, Italy

2013

Occult hepatitis B virus (OBI) in HIV-infected groups is still debated, as well as the associated risk-factors and clinical significance. In this paper, we examined a total of 405 HBsAg-negative/HIV-infected patients enrolled from January 2007 to December 2009. Overall, the prevalence of OBI was 5.9% (95% confidence interval (CI95%): 3.8–8.7%); it was more frequently associated with “anti-HBc alone” serological marker (11.3%; adjusted odds ratio = 3.7, CI95%: 1.4–9.8), although it was also detected in the absence of any HBV serological marker (4.9%; CI95%: 2.3–9.1%). A low prevalence of anti-HCV-positive patients with OBI was found (3.1%; CI95%: 0.6–8.7%). HIV RNA plasma levels or other imm…

AdultMaleOccult HBV HIV Prevalence Sicily Italymedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B virusArticle Subjectlcsh:MedicineHIV Infectionsmedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySerologyInternal medicineGenotypemedicinePrevalenceHumansClinical significanceSicilyDemographyHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industrylcsh:Rvirus diseasesGeneral MedicineOdds ratioHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BOccultdigestive system diseasesCohortImmunologyClinical StudyFemalebusiness
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Transmission of hepatitis B and hepatitis delta viruses in the households of chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers: A regression analysis of i…

1991

Abstract To evaluate whether clinical and laboratory features of a hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier can predict risks of infection, its chronicity, and the development of liver disease among close contacts, the authors studied a cohort of 994 first degree relatives or cohabitants (household contacts) of 226 non-drug-addicted chronic HBsAg carriers (index cases), of whom 77% had liver disease and 26% were superinfected by hepatitis D virus (HDV). A logistic form of regression analysis was used to assess the role of each feature in the index case as predictor of hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and HDV-related outcomes among household contacts. Six models of risk, expressed as odds ratios,…

AdultMaleRiskHepatitis B virusHBsAgAdolescentEpidemiologymedicine.disease_causeLiver diseaseHumansMedicineHepatitis AntibodiesChildIndex caseAgedFamily HealthHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryHepatobiliary diseaseInfantvirus diseasesMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis Ddigestive system diseasesItalyHBeAgChild PreschoolCarrier StateDNA ViralMutationImmunologyRegression AnalysisFemaleHepatitis D virusHepatitis Delta Virusbusiness
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Variability of reverse transcriptase and overlapping S gene in hepatitis B virus isolates from untreated and lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B…

2009

Background The high degree of diversity of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies in chronically infected individuals raises the possibility that HBV genetic variants favouring resistance to nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) might pre-exist to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of the entire HBV reverse transcriptase (RT) domain and of the overlapping S gene in a large series of untreated hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and in lamivudine (3TC)-resistant patients. Methods Sequencing analysis of the entire HBV RT domain of isolates from 100 untreated (treatment- naive group) and 59 3TC-resistant (3TC-resistant group) consecutive patients wit…

AdultMaleSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaHepatitis B virusAdult; Aged; Drug Resistance; Viral; Female; Genetic Variation; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B; Chronic; Humans; Lamivudine; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Sequence Analysis; DNA; Treatment OutcomeDrug ResistanceViral quasispeciesmedicine.disease_causeVirusHepatitis B ChronicOrthohepadnavirusDrug Resistance ViralmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)ViralChronicAgedPharmacologyHepatitis B virusSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaHepatitis B Surface AntigensbiologyReverse-transcriptase inhibitorLamivudineGenetic VariationRNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseSequence Analysis DNADNAMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationHepatitis BVirologyReverse transcriptaseInfectious DiseasesTreatment OutcomeHepadnaviridaeLamivudineMutationReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsHBV reverse transcriptase gene S lamivudine resistantFemaleSequence Analysismedicine.drug
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LOW-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2 INDUCES SYSTEMIC IMMUNE RESPONSES AGAINST HBsAg IN IMMUNODEFICIENT NON-RESPONDERS TO HEPATITIS B VACCINATION

1989

Abstract A metabolic monocyte defect appears to correlate with non-responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccine in many patients on haemodialysis. This defect prevents production of interleukin-2 during T-cell activation after antigen contact. Receptors for interleukin-2 are, however, expressed in greater numbers than in healthy subjects or uraemic responders to hepatitis B vaccination. In this study, ten uraemic patients, previous non-responders to vaccination against hepatitis B, were revaccinated with the same vaccine combined with one intramuscular injection (2·5 × 10 5 U) of natural human interleukin-2. Systemic production of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen was initiated in tho…

AdultMaleViral Hepatitis VaccinesInterleukin 2HBsAgHepatitis B vaccinePilot ProjectsImmunoenzyme TechniquesImmune systemAntigenmedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesAgedUremiaHepatitis B Surface Antigensbiologybusiness.industryImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesReceptors Interleukin-2General MedicineMiddle AgedHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseVirologyVaccinationAntibody FormationImmunologybiology.proteinInterleukin-2FemaleAntibodybusinessmedicine.drugThe Lancet
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