Search results for "Herb"

Control of Portulaca oleracea by boldo and lemon essential oils in different soils

2015

Soil characteristics influence plant growth and can affect the phytotoxicity of the essential oils. In this study chemical composition and herbicidal activity of Peumus boldus Mol. and lemon essential oils in different growing medium against Portulaca oleracea L. was investigated. Ninety-four compounds accounting between 95.5 and 99.8% of the total essential oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in boldo and lemon essential oils. Ascaridole (31.56. ±. 0.15%), p-cymene (21.58. ±. 0.09%) and 1,8-cineole (12.57. ±. 0.13%) were the main compounds in P. boldus whereas large amount of limonene (59.28%) followed of β-pinene (12.96%) and γ-terpinene (10.92%) were found in lemo…

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for fibrotic liver disease: Hope and hype

2014

Effects of mountain grassland maturity stage and grazing management on carotenoids in sward and cow's milk

2006

Carotenoids are involved in the sensorial and nutritional values of dairy products. In grazing systems, both herbage maturity stage and grazing management may affect the amount of carotenoid ingested, thus these factors may affect carotenoid concentrations in milk. Two homogenous plots of mountain grassland (1.4 and 2.0 ha) were grazed during two cycles of growth by 6 dairy cows in mid lactation, in strip (SG) and rotational grazing (RG), respectively. We monitored the changes in carotenoid concentrations in sward and milk, measured by HPLC twice a week. Seven carotenoids were identified in the sward: violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, epilutein, lutein, zeaxanthin, ß-carotene and 13-cis ß-carot…

A critical conspectus of Italian Lycopodiaceae

2015

As a result of our work on the Lycopodiaceae account for the Critical Flora of Italy, a new, synonymic inventory of Italian taxa is presented, based on herbarium studies and critical re-examination of extant literature. Three genera with eight species are accepted: Huperzia (1 species), Lycopodiella (1), and Lycopodium (6). An additional, ninth species (Lycopodiella cernua) is listed as a casual alien. The genus Diphasiastrum, accepted in several recent works, is treated at sectional level within Lycopodium (three species and their three hybrids). Lycopodium lagopus ( = L. clavatum subsp. monostachyon) is a recent addition to the Italian flora. Images of five types and Internet URI of other…

A pollen test to detect ACCase target-site resistance within Alopecurus myosuroides populations

2000

International audience

Facilitated transport of diuron and glyphosate in high copper vineyard soils.

2007

6 pages; International audience; The fate of organic herbicides applied to agricultural fields may be affected by other soil amendments, such as copper applied as a fungicide. The effect of copper on the leaching of diuron and glyphosate through a granitic and a calcareous soil was studied in the laboratory using sieved-soil columns. Each soil was enriched with copper sulfate to obtain soil copper concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg kg(-1). Glyphosate leaching was influenced by soil pH and copper concentration, whereas diuron leaching was not. In the calcareous soil, glyphosate leaching decreased as copper levels increased from 17 mg kg(-1) (background) to 500 mg kg(-1). In the gra…

Exposing the structure of an Arctic food web

2015

15 pages; International audience; How food webs are structured has major implications for their stability and dynamics. While poorly studied to date, arctic food webs are commonly assumed to be simple in structure, with few links per species. If this is the case, then different parts of the web may be weakly connected to each other, with populations and species united by only a low number of links. We provide the first highly resolved description of trophic link structure for a large part of a high-arctic food web. For this purpose, we apply a combination of recent techniques to describing the links between three predator guilds (insectivorous birds, spiders, and lepidopteran parasitoids) a…

Imprints of latitude, host taxon, and decay stage on fungus-associated arthropod communities

2022

Interactions among fungi and insects involve hundreds of thousands of species. While insect communities on plants have formed some of the classic model systems in ecology, fungus-based communities and the forces structuring them remain poorly studied by comparison. We characterize the arthropod communities associated with fruiting bodies of eight mycorrhizal basidiomycete fungus species from three different orders along a 1200-km latitudinal gradient in northern Europe. We hypothesized that, matching the pattern seen for most insect taxa on plants, we would observe a general decrease in fungal-associated species with latitude. Against this backdrop, we expected local communities to be struc…

Jenisseensosides C and D, biologically active acylated triterpene saponins from Silene jenisseensis

1997

Abstract We previously reported the isolation and structure elucidation of a new trans - p -methoxycinnamoyl triterpene-saponin along with its cis - p -methoxycinnamoyl isomer as an inseparable mixture from the roots of Silene jenisseensis . In a continuing study on this plant, two additional new acylated triterpene-saponins were obtained as an inseparable mixture. Their structures have been established by chemical means and spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR spectroscopy as 3- O -[β- d -galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β- d -glucuronopyranosyl]-28- O -[{α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)}- {4- O - trans - p -methoxycinnamoyl}-β- d -fucopyranosyl] qui…

The ecomorphology of southern African rodent incisors: Potential applications to the hominin fossil record.

2018

AbstractThe taxonomic identification of mammalian fauna within fossil assemblages is a well-established component of paleoenvironmental reconstructions. However, many fragmentary specimens recovered from fossil sites are often disregarded as they can be difficult to identify with the precision required for taxonomic methods. For this reason, the large numbers of isolated rodent incisors that are often recovered from hominin fossil bearing sites have generally been seen as offering little interpretive value. Ecomorphological analysis, often referred to as a “taxon-free” method, can potentially circumvent this problem by focusing on the adaptive, rather than the taxonomic significance of rode…