Search results for "Herpesvirus"
showing 10 items of 152 documents
Impact of CMV and EBV seropositivity on CD8 T lymphocytes in an old population from West-Sicily.
2007
Abstract Herpes viruses (particularly CMV and to some extent EBV) might play a role in accelerating the deterioration of immune functions with age. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that chronic infection with CMV causes an expansion of specific CD8 T lymphocytes and that this is related to a shrinkage of the T cell repertoire in very elderly people, predicting mortality. We have analysed CD8 T cells in young and old healthy Sicilians who were both CMV- and EBV-seropositive. Our data confirm expansions of T cells specific for the HLA-A2-restricted pp65 (495–503) CMV epitope up to nearly 14% of total peripheral CD8 cells in certain elderly individuals (range 0–14%). However, the mean percenta…
Impact of infectious burden on extent and long-term prognosis of atherosclerosis.
2002
Background — Recent findings suggest a causative role of infections in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In hypothesizing an association between infectious agents and the development of atherosclerosis, we would expect a correlation to the extent of atherosclerosis. Moreover, this effect could be multiplied by the number of pathogens to which an individual had been exposed. Methods and Results — In 572 patients, IgG or IgA antibodies to herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Hemophilus influenzae , Chlamydia pneumoniae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , and Helicobacter pylori were measured. The extent of atherosclerosis was determined by coronary angiography, carotid…
Identification of a Conserved HLA-A2-Restricted Decapeptide from the IE1 Protein (pUL123) of Human Cytomegalovirus
2002
Abstract Control of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is predominantly mediated by cytolytic CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTL). Among the roughly 200 HCMV-encoded polypeptides, the tegument protein pp65 (ppUL83) and the nonstructural IE1 protein are considered to be dominant CTL targets. Yet the importance of CTL against IE1 for protective immunity against HCMV reactivation and disease has remained elusive. Analyses have been difficult, as all MHC class I presented peptides of IE1 defined so far are located in parts of the protein that are variable between viral strains. In this study a conserved decameric peptide from IE1 (P6, IE1 354–363 ) that bound to HLA-A2 was identified. Using peptide-p…
Non-redundant and redundant roles of cytomegalovirus gH/gL complexes in host organ entry and intra-tissue spread
2015
Herpesviruses form different gH/gL virion envelope glycoprotein complexes that serve as entry complexes for mediating viral cell-type tropism in vitro; their roles in vivo, however, remained speculative and can be addressed experimentally only in animal models. For murine cytomegalovirus two alternative gH/gL complexes, gH/gL/gO and gH/gL/MCK-2, have been identified. A limitation of studies on viral tropism in vivo has been the difficulty in distinguishing between infection initiation by viral entry into first-hit target cells and subsequent cell-to-cell spread within tissues. As a new strategy to dissect these two events, we used a gO-transcomplemented ΔgO mutant for providing the gH/gL/gO…
Synthesis and biological evaluation of dehydroabietic acid derivatives.
2010
A series of C18-oxygenated derivatives of dehydroabietic acid were synthesized from commercial abietic acid and evaluated for their cytotoxic, antimycotic, and antiviral activities.
Cutaneous RANK-RANKL Signaling Upregulates CD8-Mediated Antiviral Immunity during Herpes simplex Virus Infection by Preventing Virus-Induced Langerha…
2015
Herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) causes the majority of cutaneous viral infections. Viral infections are controlled by the immune system, and CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) have been shown to be crucial during the clearance of HSV-1 infections. Although epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) are the first dendritic cells (DCs) to come into contact with the virus, it has been shown that the processing of viral antigens and the differentiation of antiviral CTLs are mediated by migratory CD103+ dermal DCs and CD8 alpha(+) lymph node resident DCs. In vivo regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are implicated in the regulation of antiviral immunity and we have shown that signaling via the receptor activ…
Frequent detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in the lower respiratory tract in CMV-seropositive pediatric patients with underlying chronic broncho…
2012
Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) may be a relevant cause of morbidity in patients displaying various inflammatory diseases. In this study, it was investigated whether CMV DNA is detected in the lower respiratory tract and the systemic compartment in pediatric patients with chronic or recurrent bronchopulmonary diseases. A total of 42 lower respiratory tract specimens and 11 paired plasma samples from 42 patients were analyzed for the presence of CMV DNA by real‐time PCR. The respiratory specimens were also screened for the presence of respiratory viruses and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) and 7 (HHV‐7) by PCR methods. Quantitative bacterial and fungal cultures were performed. IL‐6 levels in the …
Immune pathway upregulation and lower genomic instability distinguish EBV-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma from ENKTL and PTCL-NOS
2022
Primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma (PTCL-EBV) is a poorly understood disease which shows features resembling extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and is currently not recognized as a distinct entity but categorized as a variant of primary T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). Herein, we analyzed copynumber aberrations (n=77) with a focus on global measures of genomic instability and homologous recombination deficiency and performed gene expression (n=84) and EBV miRNA expression (n=24) profiling as well as targeted mutational analysis (n=16) to further characterize PTCL-EBV in relation to ENKTL and PTCL-NOS. Multivariate analysis revealed that …
Epstein-Barr virus DNA load kinetics analysis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: Is it of any clinical usefulness?
2017
Abstract Background There is a lack of clinical information regarding the usefulness of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load kinetics analyses in the management of EBV infections in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. Namely, it remains unknown whether this type of analysis can help physicians to anticipate the development of high-level EBV DNAemia episodes requiring rituximab treatment or predict the risk of recurrent EBV DNAemia or post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs). Study design Unicentric, retrospective, observational study including 142 consecutive patients undergoing T-cell replete allo-HSCT. The plasma EBV DNA load was mon…
Correlates of Human Herpesvirus-8 DNA detection among adults in Italy without Kaposi sarcoma.
2005
Background: The presence of Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV8) DNA is predictive of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) among patients with HIV-associated or iatrogenic immunosuppression. However, correlates of HHV8-DNA detection in the general population remain undefined. Methods: We assessed correlates of HHV8-DNA detection among Italian adults without KS who had antibodies against HHV8-latent nuclear antigen by immunofluorescence assay. HHV8-K6 DNA sequences were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using TaqMan CR. Results: Of the 158 subjects 26 (16.5%) had detectable HHV8-DNA [median copies/million cells, 53; (13-2128)]. Adjusted for age, sex, and laboratory, HHV8-DNA was detected more frequently i…