Search results for "Heuristics"

Exploring ethics : a philosophical inquiry into the education sector of one Finnish city

2016

Multi-modal search for multiobjective optimization: an application to optimal smart grids management

2012

This paper studies the possibility to use efficient multimodal optimizers for multi-objective optimization. In this paper, the application area considered for such new approach is the optimal dispatch of energy sources in smart microgrids. The problem indeed shows a non uniform Pareto front and requires efficient optimal search methods. The idea is to exploit the potential of agents in population-based heuristics to improve diversity in the Pareto front, where solutions show the same rank and are thus equally weighted. Since Pareto dominance is at the basis of the theory of multi-objective optimization, most algorithms show the non dominance ranking as quality indicator, with some problem i…

A Population-Based Approach to the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem

2004

We present a population-based approach to the RCPSP. The procedure has two phases. The first phase handles the initial construction of a population of schedules and these are then evolved until high quality solutions are obtained. The evolution of the population is driven by the alternative application of an efficient improving procedure for locally improving the use of resources, and a mechanism for combining schedules that blends scatter search and path relinking characteristics. The objective of the second phase is to explore in depth those vicinities near the high quality schedules. Computational experiments on the standard j120 set, generated using ProGen, show that our algorithm produ…

The development of novice top management team's heuristics in SME internationalization

2016

The importance of heuristics in terms of strategy work is highlighted in many existing studies. However, little is known about how the ability to utilize heuristics develops during novice top management team’s first internationalization. Utilizing qualitative and inductive grounded theory building methods this study aims to increase knowledge about the role of heuristics during top management team’s first SME internationalization and the role of experience in utilization of heuristics and decision-making process. The findings contribute to literature of strategy and its microfoundations by showing four stages of development process and highlighting the various roles of relevant experience i…

Introducing usability heuristics for mobile map applications

2013

In this paper, a set of heuristics for evaluating the usability of mobile map applications is introduced. We developed the heuristics by exploring the present generic heuristics and then forming new theory-based heuristics. Usability specialists tested the heuristics by evaluating the usability of a mobile map application with both generic and domain-specific heuristics. As a result, more usability problems were found with the proposed domain-specific heuristics. In addition, based on the evaluators’ views the initial domain-specific heuristics were further developed. We conclude by proposing domain-specific usability heuristics for evaluating the mobile map applications. peerReviewed

Algorithmic issues in computational intelligence optimization: from design to implementation, from implementation to design

2016

The vertiginous technological growth of the last decades has generated a variety of powerful and complex systems. By embedding within modern hardware devices sophisticated software, they allow the solution of complicated tasks. As side effect, the availability of these heterogeneous technologies results into new difficult optimization problems to be faced by researchers in the field. In order to overcome the most common algorithmic issues, occurring in such a variety of possible scenarios, this research has gone through cherry-picked case-studies. A first research study moved from implementation to design considerations. Implementation limitations, such as memory constraints and real-time r…

Comprehension of Generalized Conversational Implicatures by Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

2018

This study evaluates the comprehension of generalized conversational implicatures (GCI) in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), using a GCI test constructed based on the Levinson model, which distinguishes between three types of implicatures: type Q (or scalar: “what is not referred to does not occur”); type I (“by default, it is not necessary to say what can be assumed”); and type M (“if someone is expressing something in a not very simple or marked way, it is because s/he is describing a situation that is not very typical, frequent, or prototypical”). In addition to the ASD group (n = 22), two comparison groups were utilized: a group matched on chronological age with …

Lessons in clinical reasoning – pitfalls, myths, and pearls: the contribution of faulty data gathering and synthesis to diagnostic error

2021

Abstract Objectives Errors in clinical reasoning are a major factor for delayed or flawed diagnoses and put patient safety at risk. The diagnostic process is highly dependent on dynamic team factors, local hospital organization structure and culture, and cognitive factors. In everyday decision-making, physicians engage that challenge partly by relying on heuristics – subconscious mental short-cuts that are based on intuition and experience. Without structural corrective mechanisms, clinical judgement under time pressure creates space for harms resulting from systems and cognitive errors. Based on a case-example, we outline different pitfalls and provide strategies aimed at reducing diagnost…

Max–min dispersion with capacity and cost for a practical location problem

2022

Diversity and dispersion problems deal with selecting a subset of elements from a given set in such a way that their diversity is maximized. This study considers a practical location problem recently proposed in the context of max–min dispersion models. It is called the generalized dispersion problem, and it models realistic applications by introducing capacity and cost constraints. We propose two effective linear formulations for this problem, and develop a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm based on the variable neighborhood search methodology, to solve real instances. Extensive numerical computational experiments are performed to compare our hybrid metaheuristic with the state-of-art heurist…

Herramientas matemáticas para la valoración de la ampliación de una infraestructura portuaria

2003

infraestructura portuaria ya consolidada, que conlleva unas inversiones a largo plazo. Para ello hay que recurrir a medios de an´alisis capaces de recoger, en la medida de lo posible, la incertidumbre sobre la futura evoluci´on de los tr´aficos de mercanc´?as, sobre el efecto de la competencia entre puertos, etc., y que los m´etodos tradicionales no aproximan en toda su dimensi´on. Existe, adem´as, un problema de decisi´on de pol´?tica ´optima de gesti´on del proyecto que depende de variables de decisi´on que modelizan las opciones presentes en el mismo. Las oportunidades de inversi´on han sido tratadas como una colecci´on de opciones americanas sobre activos reales. Nosotros hemos optado p…