Search results for "Hexagonal"

showing 10 items of 110 documents

Synchronized rotation in swarms of magnetotactic bacteria.

2017

Self-organizing behavior has been widely reported in both natural and artificial systems, typically distinguishing between temporal organization (synchronization) and spatial organization (swarming). Swarming has been experimentally observed in systems of magnetotactic bacteria under the action of external magnetic fields. Here we present a model of ensembles of magnetotactic bacteria in which hydrodynamic interactions lead to temporal synchronization in addition to the swarming. After a period of stabilization during which the bacteria form a quasiregular hexagonal lattice structure, the entire swarm begins to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of the rotation of the magnetic …

PhysicsPeriodicityMagnetotactic bacteriaRotationMovementSwarming (honey bee)Swarm behaviourRotationBacterial Physiological Phenomena01 natural sciencesModels BiologicalQuantitative Biology::Cell Behavior010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldMagnetic Fields0103 physical sciencesArtificial systemsHydrodynamicsHexagonal latticeComputer SimulationTemporal organization010306 general physicsBiological systemPhysical review. E
researchProduct

Elastic moduli, dislocation core energy and melting of hard disks in two dimensions

2000

Elastic moduli and dislocation core energy of the triangular solid of hard disks of diameter $\sigma$ are obtained in the limit of vanishing dislocation- antidislocation pair density, from Monte Carlo simulations which incorporates a constraint, namely that all moves altering the local connectivity away from that of the ideal triangular lattice are rejected. In this limit, we show that the solid is stable against all other fluctuations at least upto densities as low as $\rho \sigma^2 = 0.88$. Our system does not show any phase transition so diverging correlation lengths leading to finite size effects and slow relaxations do not exist. The dislocation pair formation probability is estimated …

PhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesHexagonal latticeFugacityLimit (mathematics)DislocationHexatic phaseElastic modulusCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
researchProduct

First-order phase transitions investigated by use of a Monte Carlo interface method

1992

We investigate first-order phase transitions on unfrustrated antiferromagnetic Potts models in two and three dimensions by estimating the interface free energy by use of a Monte Carlo method. Even for strong first-order transitions the occurrence of hysteresis is circumvented and our method allows for an accurate determination of ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ by locating a \ensuremath{\delta}-function-shaped peak in the energy difference between configurations with and without an interface.

PhysicsPhase transitionsymbols.namesakeCondensed matter physicsSpin waveMonte Carlo methodsymbolsAntiferromagnetismHexagonal latticeBoundary value problemHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Potts modelPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Simultaneous observation of light localization and confinement in near-field optics

2001

We report on the observation, in direct space, of both light localization and confinement effects near lithographically designed structures. The sample is observed in the optical near-field zone with a Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscope (PSTM). Several patterns composed of a few periods of TiO2 dots, arranged as a hexagonal lattice, have been investigated. When the central dot of the pattern is removed, a phenomenon of light localization above the vacancy can be observed in the PSTM image. The occurrence of this phenomenon can be related to the variation of the electromagnetic local density of state.

PhysicsPhotonbusiness.industryNear-field opticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSpace (mathematics)law.inventionOpticslawVacancy defectDensity of statesNear-field scanning optical microscopeHexagonal latticeScanning tunneling microscopebusinessEurophysics Letters (EPL)
researchProduct

Quantum order by disorder in the Kitaev model on a triangular lattice

2015

We identify and discuss the ground state of a quantum magnet on a triangular lattice with bond-dependent Ising-type spin couplings, that is, a triangular analog of the Kitaev honeycomb model. The classical ground-state manifold of the model is spanned by decoupled Ising-type chains, and its accidental degeneracy is due to the frustrated nature of the anisotropic spin couplings. We show how this subextensive degeneracy is lifted by a quantum order-by-disorder mechanism and study the quantum selection of the ground state by treating short-wavelength fluctuations within the linked cluster expansion and by using the complementary spin-wave theory. We find that quantum fluctuations couple next-n…

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Topological degeneracyFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter Physics; Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum mechanicsElectronicHexagonal latticeOptical and Magnetic MaterialsGround stateDegeneracy (mathematics)QuantumQuantum fluctuationCluster expansionSpin-½Physical Review B
researchProduct

M1_Microfluidics_for_CNT

2018

High-frequency droplet production in step-emulsification microfluidic device. The abrupt change in channel cross section causes creation of the droplets. The closely-packed droplets automatically order in hexagonal pattern.

Physics::Fluid Dynamicsendocrine systemdroplet formationstep-emulsificationtechnology industry and agriculturePhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersmicrofluidicshexagonal patterncomplex mixtureseye diseases
researchProduct

Orientational Ordering ofN2OMolecules Adsorbed on Graphite (0001): A Novel Commensurate Pinwheel Structure

2000

The structure and orientational ordering of N2O molecules physisorbed on graphite (0001) is investigated applying x-ray, neutron, and low-energy electron diffraction techniques. Combining the results of the three techniques, we find that N2O forms a highly ordered, hexagonal, commensurate (sqrt[21]xsqrt[21])R10.89 degrees phase. The unit cell contains seven molecules which are arranged in a seven-sublattice pinwheel structure, unexpected for linear molecules on a hexagonal lattice. Potential energy calculations corroborate these results.

PinwheelMaterials scienceElectron diffractionChemical physicsPhase (matter)General Physics and AstronomyMoleculeHexagonal latticeLinear molecular geometryGraphitePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicsPotential energyPhysical Review Letters
researchProduct

Polymorphic domains in monolayers of isomeric triple-chain phospholipids

1991

Monolayers of two isomeric branched chain phosphatidyl cholines at the air/water interface have been studied by means of fluorescence microscopy. The lipids differ in the position of the branched chain at the glycerol backbone and carry three chains per headgroup of almost equal length. Most qualitative features of the compression isotherms are similar except a difference of 4 A2/molecule in the minimum molecular area at high lateral pressures. This indicates a more condensed solid phase of compound C2 and is also reflected in the shapes of domains observed in the LE/LC phase coexistence range: domains with sharp edges and a mostly hexagonal shape are formed. On the other hand, the compound…

Polymers and PlasticsHexagonal crystal systemChemistryOrganic ChemistryLimitingCondensed Matter PhysicsInstabilityCrystallographyChain (algebraic topology)Phosphatidyl CholinesPhase (matter)MonolayerMaterials ChemistryMoleculeMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
researchProduct

Linked Analysis of Large Cooperative, Allosteric Systems: The Case of the Giant HBL Hemoglobins

2008

Homotropic and heterotropic allosteric interactions are important mechanisms that regulate protein function. These mechanisms depend on the ability of oligomeric protein complexes to adopt different conformations and to transmit conformation-linked signals from one subunit of the complex to the neighboring ones. An important step in understanding the regulation of protein function is to identify and characterize the conformations available to the protein complex. This task becomes increasingly challenging with increasing numbers of interacting binding sites. However, a large number of interacting binding sites allows for high homotropic interactions (cooperativity) and thus represents the m…

Protein functionOrder (biology)BiochemistryHexagonal crystal systemBilayerProtein subunitAllosteric regulationBiophysicsCooperativityBiologyBinding site
researchProduct

A universal tensor network algorithm for any infinite lattice

2018

We present a general graph-based Projected Entangled-Pair State (gPEPS) algorithm to approximate ground states of nearest-neighbor local Hamiltonians on any lattice or graph of infinite size. By introducing the structural-matrix which codifies the details of tensor networks on any graphs in any dimension $d$, we are able to produce a code that can be essentially launched to simulate any lattice. We further introduce an optimized algorithm to compute simple tensor updates as well as expectation values and correlators with a mean-field-like effective environments. Though not being variational, this strategy allows to cope with PEPS of very large bond dimension (e.g., $D=100$), and produces re…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Heisenberg modelFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSquare latticeCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesIsing modelHexagonal latticeCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsTensorStatistical physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyPotts model
researchProduct