Search results for "Hindlimb"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
The sensorimotor and cognitive deficits in rats following 90- and 120-min transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery
2012
Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is the most commonly used method to study the neurological and histological outcomes and the pathological mechanisms of ischaemic stroke. The current work compares sensorimotor and cognitive deficits and the infarct volume in rats following a transient 90- or 120-min MCAO, which allows the appropriate behavioural tests to be chosen based on the goal and design of the experiment. In the beam-walking test, we found significant differences between the 90- and 120-min MCAO groups in the number of foot faults made with the impaired hindlimb on post-stroke days 3, 7 and 14. In the cylinder test, a difference between the 90- and 120-min groups was observed o…
Control of glycolysis in vertebrate skeletal muscle during exercise
1996
The gastrocnemius muscle of the frog (Rana temporaria) has a high capacity for anaerobic glycolysis from glycogen. Glycolytic metabolites and effectors of phosphofructokinase, particularly the hexose bisphosphates, were followed in muscle during exercise (swimming between 5 s and 5 min), recovery (rest for up to 2 h after 5 min of swimming), and repeated exercise (swimming for up to 60 s after 2 h of recovery). Glycogen phosphorylase and phosphofructokinase were swiftly activated with exercise. The hexose bisphosphates followed markedly different time courses. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate was transiently increased in both exercise and repeated exercise. This appears to be an effect rather tha…
Increased activities of prolyl 4-hydroxylase and galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase, enzymes of collagen biosynthesis, in skeletal muscle of …
1983
The activities of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (PH) and galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase (GGT), and the concentration of 4-hydroxyproline were measured in red and white parts of quadriceps femoris muscle of mice after 3, 10, and 20 sessions of daily endurance training. The activities of PH and GGT increased in the red part of the muscle after training for 3 and 10 times and returned to the control level after 20 training sessions. In the white muscle the increase of PH activity was less than in the red muscle. No alteration in GGT activity was observed in the white muscle. The concentration of hydroxyproline was unchanged in the both types of skeletal muscle. The results suggest that coll…
Physiological adaptations to resistance training in rats selectively bred for low and high response to aerobic exercise training
2018
New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Can phenotypic traits associated with low response to one mode of training be extrapolated to other exercise-inducible phenotypes? The present study investigated whether rats that are low responders to endurance training are also low responders to resistance training. What is the main finding and its importance? After resistance training, rats that are high responders to aerobic exercise training improved more in maximal strength compared with low-responder rats. However, the greater gain in strength in high-responder rats was not accompanied by muscle hypertrophy, suggesting that the responses observed could be mainly neural in orig…
Protective Effects of Foam Rolling against Inflammation and Notexin Induced Muscle Damage in Rats
2019
It is known that high-intensity exercise can cause inflammation and damage in muscle tissue, and in recent years, physical therapists and fitness professionals have begun to use foam rolling as a recovery method to improve performance. Despite the lack of basic science studies to support or refute the efficacy of foam rolling, the technique is very widely used in the sports world. In this respect, we investigated whether foam rolling could attenuate muscle damage and inflammation. Female Wistar rats were assigned to control (C), foam rolling (FR), notexin without foam rolling (N) and notexin with foam rolling (NFR) groups. A 4.5 x 2 cm foam roller was used to massage their hind legs (two 60…
Optic fibre as a transducer of tendomuscular forces
1996
Direct in vivo tendon force measurements open up new possibilities for understanding of muscle-tendon loads during natural locomotion. The present report presents a new optic fibre method for such applications. The method is based on light intensity modulation by mechanical modification of the geometric properties of the optic fibre. A special optic fibre with a plastic covering buffer and with a total diameter of either 265 microns or 500 microns was carefully prepared at both ends for receiving and transmitting light. The fibre was inserted through the rabbit common calcaneal tendon with a 20 gauge needle. By removing the needle the optic fibre remained in situ. Static loading demonstrate…
The effects of immobilization on the quality of Achilles tendon in rats
2007
Immobilization of an Achilles tendon in a shortened position for 1 and 3 weeks did not change pyridinoline and mature collagen concentrations. Although a significant decrease in the biosynthesis of collagen was observed simultaneously in the soleus muscle of the same hindlimb, these results suggest that the stability of collagen provided by the nonreducible cross-link, pyridinoline, is not altered during this type of immobilization. The significance of stable cross-links for the known decrease in tensile strength during immobilization remains open.
Redox regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases and their role in skeletal muscle atrophy
2015
Muscle atrophy is linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during hindlimb-unloading due, at least in part, to the activation of xanthine oxidase (XO). The major aim of our study was to determine the mechanism by which ROS cause muscle atrophy and its possible prevention by allopurinol, a well-known inhibitor of XO widely used in clinical practice, and indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. We studied the activation of p38 MAP Kinase and NF-?B pathways, and the expression of two E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in proteolysis, the Muscle atrophy F-Box (MAFb) and Muscle RING Finger-1 (MuRF-1). Male Wistar rats (3 mold) conditioned by 14 days of hindlimb unloading (n=18),…
Capillary enlargement, not sprouting angiogenesis, determines beneficial therapeutic effects and side effects of angiogenic gene therapy.
2010
Aims Currently, it is still unclear which mechanisms drive metabolic benefits after angiogenic gene therapy. The side-effect profile of efficient angiogenic gene therapy is also currently incompletely understood. In this study, the effects of increasing doses of adenoviral (Ad) vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) were evaluated on vascular growth, metabolic benefits, and systemic side effects. Methods and results Adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor-A or AdLacZ control was injected intramuscularly (109–1011 vp/mL) or intra-arterially (5 × 1011 vp/mL) into rabbit ( n = 102) hindlimb muscles and examined 6 or 14 days later. Blood flow, tissue oedema, metabolic benefits, and…
Cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy: neuroprotection by erythropoietin without affecting tumour growth
2007
This study examined the dose-dependent efficacy of erythropoietin (EPO) for preventing and/or treating cisplatin (CDDP) induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CINP), and its influence on tumour treatment and growth. Rats received eight intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 2 mg/kg CDDP twice weekly. EPO co-administered (50 or 10 microg/kg ip, three times/week) had a dose-dependent effect, partially preventing CINP, but 0.5 microg/kg ip was not effective. The neuroprotective effect lasted at least 5 weeks after the last dose of EPO and CDDP. In addition, EPO (50 microg/kg ip three times/week) after the last injection of CDDP still induced a significant recovery of CINP. In a separate experiment in r…