Search results for "History and Philosophy of Science"

showing 10 items of 756 documents

Brain lateralization of metrical accenting in musicians.

2009

The perception of meter, or the alternation of strong and weak beats, was assessed in musically trained listeners through magnetoencephalography. Metrical accents were examined with no temporal disruption of the serial grouping of tones. Results showed an effect of metrical processing among identical standard tones in the left hemisphere, with larger responses on strong than on weak beats. Moreover, processing of occasional increases in intensity (phenomenal accents) varied as a function of metrical position in the left hemisphere, but not in the right. Our findings support the view of a relatively early, left-hemispheric effect of metrical processing in musicians.

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPeriodicitymedia_common.quotation_subjectAudiologyBrain mappingGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyLateralization of brain functionFunctional LateralityYoung AdultHistory and Philosophy of SciencePerceptionmedicineRhythm perceptionAlternation (formal language theory)Humansmedia_commonCommunicationBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceBrainMagnetoencephalographyMagnetoencephalographyAcoustic StimulationAuditory PerceptionFemalebusinessPsychologyMusicAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Association between +1059G/C CRP polymorphism and acute myocardial infarction in a cohort of patients from Sicily: a pilot study.

2006

Inflammation plays a role in all the phases of atherosclerosis, and increased production of the acute-phase reactant, C-reactive protein (CRP), predicts future cardiovascular events. Furthermore, CRP has been claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis; therefore, CRP polymorphisms might be associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We have analyzed male patients affected by AMI and healthy age-related male controls from Sicily for +1059G/C CRP single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). There was a significantly higher frequency of +1059C SNP (P = 0.0008; OR 3.86) in patients compared to controls. CRP serum levels were significantly higher in C+ healthy subjects rather …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationMyocardial InfarctionPilot ProjectsGastroenterologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPathogenesisCohort StudiesHistory and Philosophy of ScienceGene FrequencyInternal medicinemedicineImmunogeneticsOdds RatioSNPHumansMyocardial infarctioneducationSicilyInflammationeducation.field_of_studyPolymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceCase-control studyOdds ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryC-Reactive ProteinCase-Control StudiesCohortAcute DiseasebusinessCohort studyAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in "vestibular migraine" and Menière's disease: a sign of an electrophysiological link?

2009

Characterizations of the signs and symptoms of "vestibular migraine" and of Meniere's disease seem to overlap, suggesting that both diseases might be due to a common peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) in both disorders to determine whether there might be an electrophysiological link between the two disorders. The amplitude and latency of VEMPs were measured from the sternocleidomastoid muscle in 63 patients with vestibular migraine (median age 47 years, range 24-70 years) and in 16 patients with Meniere's disease (median age 52 years, range 36-72 years), and compared with those of 63 sex- and age-…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyVestibular evoked myogenic potentialMigraine DisordersDiseaseElectromyographyAudiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHistory and Philosophy of Scienceotorhinolaryngologic diseasesMedicineHumansMeniere DiseaseAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryElectromyographyGeneral NeuroscienceCase-control studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureVestibuleCase-Control StudiesFemaleSacculeVestibule LabyrinthbusinessSternocleidomastoid muscleMeniere's diseaseAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Diurnal Variations of Plasma Interleukin-6 in Man: Methodological Implications of Continuous Use of Indwelling Cannulae

2006

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtybiologyInterleukin-6business.industryGeneral NeuroscienceGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCircadian RhythmSurgeryCatheters IndwellingHistory and Philosophy of ScienceContinuous useAnesthesiaMethodsmedicinebiology.proteinHumansFemalebusinessInterleukin 6Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Islet autoantibodies in Latvian subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: slow-onset type 1 diabetes or polyendocrine autoimmunity?

2006

In Latvia diabetes mellitus is diagnosed using the WHO's clinical criteria; assays for the detection of autoantibodies are not available, and hence slowly progressive autoimmune diabetes is likely to be missed. Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2) among patients with clinically diagnosed NIDDM identify group of patients with slow-onset type 1 diabetes or LADA. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of polyendocrine autoimmunity among clinically diagnosed NIDDM patients from Latvia. One hundred NIDDM patients and 100 healthy controls were tested for GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies as well as 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) and tissue…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesAdolescentTissue transglutaminasemedicine.medical_treatmentOverweightmedicine.disease_causeAutoantigensGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAutoimmunityDiagnosis DifferentialHistory and Philosophy of ScienceInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansReceptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Class 8ChildPolyendocrinopathies AutoimmuneAutoantibodiesProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1Type 1 diabetesbiologybusiness.industryGlutamate DecarboxylaseGeneral NeuroscienceInsulinAutoantibodynutritional and metabolic diseasesMembrane Proteinsmedicine.diseaseLatviaIsoenzymesEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Child Preschoolbiology.proteinFemalemedicine.symptomProtein Tyrosine PhosphatasesbusinessBody mass indexBiomarkersAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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The mediating role of constructs representing reasoned-action and automatic processes on the past behavior-future behavior relationship.

2020

Abstract Objective Past behavior has been consistently shown to predict and explain future behavior. It has been proposed that past behavior effects reflect both reasoned action and automatic processes. The current study sought to explore the mediation of past behavior-future behavior relationship via constructs reflecting these processes across three populations and behaviors: binge drinking in university students, flossing in adults, and parental sun safety behavior of children 2 – 5 years of age. Furthermore, this study used a measure of past behavior that combined long-term, recent, and routine patterns of behavioral engagement. Method A prospective design with two waves of data collect…

AdultMediation (statistics)Health (social science)media_common.quotation_subjectHealth BehaviorAutomaticityBinge drinkingIntentionStructural equation modelingDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesHabits0302 clinical medicineHistory and Philosophy of ScienceSocial cognitionHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesChildmedia_commonData collection030503 health policy & servicesAction (philosophy)AttitudeHabit0305 other medical sciencePsychologySocial sciencemedicine (1982)
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Expression Levels and Clinical-Pathological Correlations of HER2/neu in Primary and Metastatic Human Breast Cancer

2005

In this retrospective study we assessed the expression of the HER2/neu oncogene product in a series of 574 consecutive breast cancer cases, all recruited at the Maurizio Ascoli Cancer Center of Civico Hospital, in Palermo, between January 1998 and June 2003. The HER2/neu expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and scored from 0 to +3 as per FDA recommendations. The HER2/neu expression levels were related to the clinical-pathological features of the disease, including tumor size, nodal and menopausal status, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and hormonal or chemotherapeutic treatment. In 108 patients with a follow-up period of 3 years or more, the HER2/neu expression was also …

AdultOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsReceptor ErbB-2medicine.drug_classBreast NeoplasmsDisease-Free SurvivalGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHER2/neuBreast cancerHistory and Philosophy of ScienceInternal medicineBiomarkers TumormedicineHumansNeoplasm Metastasisskin and connective tissue diseasesPathologicalIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceAgedRetrospective StudiesbiologyOncogenebusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceCancerRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticTreatment OutcomeEstrogenLymphatic Metastasisbiology.proteinImmunohistochemistryFemalebusinessAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Measuring change in health care equity using small-area administrative data – Evidence from the English NHS 2001–2008

2012

This study developed a method for measuring change in socio-economic equity in health care utilisation using small-area level administrative data. Our method provides more detailed information on utilisation than survey data but only examines socio-economic differences between neighbourhoods rather than individuals. The context was the English NHS from 2001 to 2008, a period of accelerated expenditure growth and pro-competition reform. Hospital records for all adults receiving non-emergency hospital care in the English NHS from 2001 to 2008 were aggregated to 32,482 English small areas with mean population about 1500 and combined with other small-area administrative data. Regression models …

AdultPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth (social science)PopulationPrevalenceState MedicineHistory and Philosophy of ScienceHealth caremedicineHumansHealthcare DisparitiesState Medicine/organization & administrationeducationSmall-Area Analysiseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryHealth services researchHospitals/statistics & numerical dataHospital Recordsmedicine.diseaseObesityHospitalsEnglandSocioeconomic FactorsSmall-Area AnalysisHeart failureHealthcare Disparities/trendsRegression AnalysisHealth Services ResearchbusinessRAKidney diseaseDemographySocial Science & Medicine
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Breast Cancer Incidence in the City and Province of Palermo in 1999-2002: A Breast Cancer Registry Report

2005

: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of breast cancer in women from the city and province of Palermo (Sicily) in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, using a population-based cancer registry approach. In recent years, a sharp increase of breast cancer incidence has been observed worldwide. Overall, direct age-standardized incidence rates (SIR) were 81.0 per 100,000 person-years, higher in Palermo City (89.4) than in Palermo Province (70.4). Results reported here show a highly significant difference in breast cancer incidence in different areas of Sicily, particularly in the youngest age groups; and a profound difference between the metropolitan area of Palermo and the surrounding area…

AdultRiskPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsPopulationBreast NeoplasmsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBreast cancerHistory and Philosophy of ScienceAge groupsRegistry reportmedicineHumansRegistrieseducationeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryIncidenceGeneral NeuroscienceIncidence (epidemiology)Significant differenceAge FactorsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMetropolitan areaCancer registryItalyFemalebusinessDemographyAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Operative Hysteroscopy Ten Years' Experience

1994

AdultUterine Diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceUterusOperative hysteroscopyHysteroscopyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySurgeryAbortion SpontaneousEndometriumHistory and Philosophy of SciencePregnancymedicineHumansFemalebusinessInfertility FemaleUltrasonographyAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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