Search results for "Homogeneous"

showing 10 items of 718 documents

Water-Soluble Palladium Nanoparticles: Click Synthesis and Applications as a Recyclable Catalyst in Suzuki Cross-Couplings in Aqueous Media

2010

A new PEG-tagged material, which was prepared by a threefold copper-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition (click chemistry), was found to act as an efficient stabilizer for palladium nanoparticles. The newly formed material proved to be active as a recyclable catalyst in Suzuki coupling; the presence of polyether chains allowed for the catalytic runs to be conducted in aqueous media.

Aqueous solutionOrganic ChemistryNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementHomogeneous catalysisCycloadditionCatalysisSuzuki reactionchemistryPolymer chemistryClick chemistryOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPalladiumEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Pseudo-path connected homogeneous continua

2015

Abstract The main result of this paper states that every homogeneous pseudo-path connected continuum is weakly chainable, or equivalently, every homogeneous continuum connected by continuous images of the pseudo-arc is itself a continuous image of the pseudo-arc. We notice that even though there exist homogeneous path connected continua that are not continuous images of an arc (Prajs, 2002), they all are continuous images of the pseudo-arc.

Arc (geometry)Connected spaceContinuum (topology)HomogeneousGeneral MathematicsMathematics::General TopologyGeometryImage (mathematics)MathematicsAdvances in Mathematics
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Domain wall energy in quasi-one-dimensional Fe/W(110) nanostripes

2003

The magnetic susceptibility in Fe/W(110) nanostripes decreases exponentially with increasing temperature according to an Arrhenius law which indicates a quasi-one-dimensional behavior. The interface energy of the Arrhenius law corresponds to the domain wall energy of a domain wall across a single stripe, separating fluctuating regions of homogeneous magnetization. The domain wall energy increases linearly with the width of the stripes, revealing a negative offset which we attribute to boundary effects. Domain wall energies have been determined for Fe/W(110) nanostripes coated with Au and Pd and are compared to values for uncoated Fe/W(110) nanostripes in ultrahigh vacuum.

Arrhenius equationMagnetizationsymbols.namesakeMaterials scienceBoundary effectsCondensed matter physicsHomogeneoussymbolsA domainQuasi one dimensionalMagnetic susceptibilitySurface energyPhysical Review B
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A simulation of disagreement for control of rational cheating in peer review

2013

Understanding the peer review process could help research and shed light on the mechanisms that underlie crowdsourcing. In this paper, we present an agent-based model of peer review built on three entities - the paper, the scientist and the conference. The system is implemented on a BDI platform (Jason) that allows to define a rich model of scoring, evaluating and selecting papers for conferences. Then, we propose a programme committee update mechanism based on disagreement control that is able to remove reviewers applying a strategy aimed to prevent papers better than their own to be accepted (rational cheating). We analyze a homogeneous scenario, where all conferences aim to the same leve…

Artificial social systems peer review agent-based simulation trust reliability and reputationComputer scienceMechanism (biology)business.industryCheatingmedia_common.quotation_subjectControl (management)Mechanism basedArtificial social systemsComputer securitycomputer.software_genreCrowdsourcingData sciencePeer reviewWorld Wide Webtrust reliability and reputationControl and Systems EngineeringHomogeneouspeer reviewQuality (business)businessPsychologycomputeragent-based simulationmedia_common
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Propriétés et performances de phosphines ferrocéniques dans le couplage C-O, C-S et C-N : nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse au palladium

2012

Multidentate ligands usually show great activities in low loading organometallic catalysis in palladium. Among these ligands, the use of ferrocenyl polyphosphane ligands give interesting results. Robust palladium-ferrocenyl triphosphane catalytic systems have permitted to obtain biarylamines and aryl-heteroaryl ethers in the presence of low catalytic loadings. DFT studies on catalytic cycle during formation of aryl-heteroaryl ethers were carried out. The presence of third phosphino group stabilizes a transition state which enhances the rate of the reductive elimination. Triarylamines were obtained with ferrocenyl diphosphane in the presence of 2 mol% of palladium loading. Moderate to excell…

Aryl-heteroaryl sulfidesThioéthers d'aryle et d'hétéroaryleLiaison carbone-hétéroatomeÉthers d'aryle et d'hétéroarylePolyphosphines ferrocéniquesCarbon-heteroatom bondHomogeneous catalysisFerrocenyl polyphosphanesAryl-heteroaryl ethersDiarylaminesBiarylaminesCatalyse homogène[CHIM.OTHE] Chemical Sciences/Other[ CHIM.OTHE ] Chemical Sciences/Other[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/OtherTriarylaminesPalladium
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Regularization of spherical and axisymmetric evolution codes in numerical relativity

2007

Several interesting astrophysical phenomena are symmetric with respect to the rotation axis, like the head-on collision of compact bodies, the collapse and/or accretion of fields with a large variety of geometries, or some forms of gravitational waves. Most current numerical relativity codes, however, can not take advantage of these symmetries due to the fact that singularities in the adapted coordinates, either at the origin or at the axis of symmetry, rapidly cause the simulation to crash. Because of this regularity problem it has become common practice to use full-blown Cartesian three-dimensional codes to simulate axi-symmetric systems. In this work we follow a recent idea idea of Rinne…

AstrofísicaPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Gravitational waveRotational symmetryFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmologylaw.inventionNumerical relativityClassical mechanicsDifferential geometrylawRegularization (physics)Homogeneous spaceAstronomiaCartesian coordinate systemGravitational singularityGeneral Relativity and Gravitation
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Testing LTB void models without the cosmic microwave background or large scale structure: new constraints from galaxy ages

2012

We present new observational constraints on inhomogenous models based on observables independent of the CMB and large-scale structure. Using Bayesian evidence we find very strong evidence for homogeneous LCDM model, thus disfavouring inhomogeneous models. Our new constraints are based on quantities independent of the growth of perturbations and rely on cosmic clocks based on atomic physics and on the local density of matter.

AstrofísicaVoid (astronomy)Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)dark energy experimentsCosmic microwave backgroundgalaxy evolutionFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsBayesian evidenceAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesScale structuredark energy theory010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsCOSMIC cancer databaseCosmologia010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsObservableGalaxiesGalaxyGalàxiesCosmologyHomogeneousAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Detection of homogeneous precipitation regions at seasonal and annual time scales, northwest Iran

2017

Abstract Detection of homogeneous climate areas is a challenging issue, which can be affected by different criteria. One of the most prominent factors is choosing the time scale, which can lead to different spatial and temporal patterns. Total precipitation is a key factor in climatological studies, and studying its distribution is of utmost importance. The combination of principal components analysis and cluster analysis is used for homogeneous precipitation areas' detection. Hence, the spatial pattern of total precipitation was investigated in northwestern Iran during the past two decades (1991–2010) on seasonal and annual time scales. The results of clustering on each time scale were val…

Atmospheric ScienceGlobal and Planetary Change010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSettore GEO/04 - Geografia Fisica E Geomorfologia0208 environmental biotechnology02 engineering and technologyManagement Monitoring Policy and Law01 natural sciences020801 environmental engineeringHomogeneous precipitationClimatologyPrincipal component analysisPeriod (geology)Cluster (physics)Common spatial patternEnvironmental sciencePrecipitationScale (map)Cluster analysisSettore GEO/05 - Geologia Applicata0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and Technologycluster analysis GIS principal component analysis time scale total precipitation
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Evaluation of Surface Temperature and Emissivity Derived from ASTER Data: A Case Study Using Ground-Based Measurements at a Volcanic Site

2010

Abstract The land surface temperature (LST) and emissivity (LSE) derived from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data were evaluated in a low spectral contrast volcanic site at an altitude of 2000 m on the island of Tenerife, Spain. The test site is almost flat, thermally homogeneous, and without vegetation cover or variation in its surface composition. ASTER data correspond to six scenes, under both day- and nighttime conditions during 2008. This case study analyzes the impacts of the sources of inaccuracies using the temperature–emissivity separation (TES) algorithm. Uncertainties associated with inaccurate atmospheric correction were minimized by means…

Atmospheric Sciencegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryTest siteLand surface temperatureAtmospheric correctionOcean EngineeringAdvanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection RadiometerVolcanoHomogeneousEmissivityEnvironmental scienceRadiometric datingRemote sensingJournal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
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Argon broadening of the 13CO R(0) and R(7) transitions in the fundamental band at temperatures between 80 and 297K: comparison between experiment and…

2003

We present measurements of Ar-broadening parameters for the R(0) and R(7) lines in the fundamental band of13CO at eight temperatures from 80 to 297 K. The broadening parameters are determined by simultaneous least-squares fitting of spectra recorded using a frequency stabilized diode laser spectrometer. The comparison of the broadening parameter values for R(7) derived at room temperature and different pressures from different line profiles shows that an empirical line profile, which takes into account narrowing effects (Dicke narrowing and absorber speed dependence) but neglects any correlation between collisions, is able to describe the observed lines with constant values of the narrowing…

Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticArgonMaterials sciencebusiness.industryTunable diode laserAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineOpticschemistryPotential energy surfaceLow temperatureLine broadeningPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsCarbon monoxideSpectroscopyHomogeneous broadeningbusinessSpectroscopyLine (formation)Doppler broadeningJournal of Molecular Spectroscopy
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