Search results for "Human Capital"
showing 10 items of 217 documents
Creative service industries and regional productivity
2015
This research analyses the effect of creative service industries on labour productivity of the regions. Creative service industries offer services that increase a region's capacity to generate and combine new ideas, resulting in an increased production of innovations which raise productivity. The paper proposes an analytical framework and compares findings in 250 regions in 24 countries of the European Union in 2008. We find that creative service industries increases labour productivity of the regions and their effects are as important for regional productivity as scientific research or highly qualified human capital.
The role of intellectual capital and entrepreneurial characteristics as innovation drivers
2014
La innovacion y la iniciativa empresarial son estrategias organizacionales esenciales para encontrar una salida a la crisis mundial que afecta a las empresas de hoy en dia. Por lo tanto, el estudio de como los factores organizacionales como el capital intelectual o las caracteristicas de los empresarios afectan el exito de un proyecto empresarial innovador, es de gran importancia para ayudar a las organizaciones actuales a encontrar una solucion a este problema. El capital intelectual implica una inversion en capital humano, estructural y relacional. Por consiguiente, nuestro objetivo investigativo se centra en analizar la influencia del capital intelectual asi como las caracteristicas pers…
Rozwój regionalny w ujęciu komparatywnym - na przykładzie Dolnego Śląska, Opolszczyzny i Górnego Śląska. Poziom rozwoju – analiza wybranych aspektów
2015
Artykuł zawiera analizę porównawczą poziomu rozwoju trzech polskich województw: dolnośląskiego, opolskiego i śląskiego. Za pomocą opracowanego miernika rozwoju regionalnego, autor analizuje cztery główne komponenty rozwoju – gospodarka, konkurencyjność i innowacje, kapitał ludzki, kapitał społeczny i jakość życia. Autor stawia tezę, że województwo najlepiej rozwinięte gospodarczo osiąga pozytywne wyniki także na pozostałych płaszczyznach analizy. Badania rozwoju regionalnego powinny być zatem wieloczynnikowe, gdyż proces ten związany jest nie tylko z gospodarką, ale wpływa również na sferę społeczną (np. warunki życia ludności) czy polityczną (konieczność prowadzenia polityki regionalnej uw…
Zasoby demograficzne Kędzierzyna-Koźla. Perspektywa multiteoretyczna
2021
W niniejszym artykule podejmowane są głównie dwa zagadnienia. Pierwsze obejmuje opis aktualnych zasobów demograficznych Kędzierzyna-Koźla w kontekście statycznym i dynamicznym. Dla lepszego zrozumienia prezentowanych informacji osadzono je na tle porównawczym, jakie stanowią wybrane dane województwa opolskiego oraz jego miejscowości subregionalnych. Druga kwestia związana jest z teoriami kapitału ludzkiego, społecznego i kulturowego, teorią funkcjonalizmu R.K. Mertona, konstruktywizmu P. Bourdieu oraz koncepcją strukturacji A. Giddensa, które stanowią propozycję ram teoretycznych służących do różnorodnych oraz pogłębionych interpretacji przyczyn, a także skutków kształtujących demografię om…
THE INFLUENCE OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS
2012
Contemporary society, characterized by an accent on the critical evaluation of the resources it possesses, considers performance at the level of the human capital a possibility of problem solving, since it is the only component capable to provide pertinent solutions for the present and high quality strategies for the future. Human capital has been one of the most intensely used and analyzed concepts by economists along time. As any other notion, it has been defined and redefined to fit a great variety of theories and models. If initial economic theories mentioned the human capital by simply referring to it in working terms and considering it absolutely interchangeable, further theories have…
Exploring the sources of labour productivity growth and convergence in the Italian regions: some evidence from a production frontier approach
2009
This paper investigates labour productivity growth and regional convergence patterns in Italy over the time span 1982–2000. Starting from some evidence of spatial polarisation within Italian economy, the analysis aims at exploring the sources of this tendency. To this end, an approach based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) production frontiers is employed which allows to decompose labour productivity growth into efficiency change, technological progress and capital deepening, looking then at the relative contribution of each component to regional convergence. Moreover, some measures of human capital and public capital are used as augmentation factors of the conventional inputs. The study …
Modeling Return to Education in Heterogeneous Populations: An Application to Italy
2019
The Mincer human capital earnings function is a regression model that relates individual’s earnings to schooling and experience. It has been used to explain individual behavior with respect to educational choices and to indicate productivity on a large number of countries and across many different demographic groups. However, recent empirical studies have shown that often the population of interest embed latent homogeneous subpopulations, with different returns to education across subpopulations, rendering a single Mincer’s regression inadequate. Moreover, whatever (concomitant) information is available about the nature of such a heterogeneity, it should be incorporated in an appropriate ma…
Migration Flows in Finland: Regional Differences in Migration Determinants and Migrant Types
2003
The present study analyzes interregional migration flows in Finland during 1985-96 using a large sample from the longitudinal census data file. The regional concentration of population has sped up in recent years, and most migrants now head to five urban growth centers. The empirical analysis reveals that it is particularly the human capital component (young, educated individuals) that moves to, and stays in, the growth centers. They are attracted by the higher expected wages and employment chances. Conversely, some individuals, mainly older and less educated ones, move back to their original home regions. This countermovement reduces the speed of population concentration. Declining region…
How Do Young People Cope with Job Flexibility?: Demographic and Psychological Antecendents of the Resistance to Accept a Job with Non-Preferred Flexi…
2002
La flexibilite est souvent vue comme condition necessaire a la survie des marches de travail nationaux et a celle des organisations dans un monde en rapide changement ou s’accroit la competition globale. Elle a adopte diverses formes tels les contrats a duree determinee, l’externalisation, les horaires flexibles, le temps partiel, les heures complementaires, le roulement fonctionnel. De plus, il a ete declare que la flexibilite organisationnelle se doit d’etre accompagnee d’une flexibilite personnelle. Quoi qu’il en soit, face aux nouvelles opportunites de travail, les gens different tant sur le plan de leurs preferences que sur celui de leur comportement. Le but de cette etude est d’identi…
Emigration from Latvia: A Brief History and Driving Forces in the Twenty-First Century
2019
AbstractIn recent years, Latvia has established itself as one of the top two countries with the most intensive emigration among EU/EFTA member states. This chapter starts by describing the demographic context and the scale of emigration post-2000, followed by a brief history of the main population flows (migration, refugees and deportation) from and to Latvia in the twentieth century. It then offers a more detailed analysis of emigration during the first 15 years of the twenty-first century including a closer look at the four waves of recent emigration: (i) the pre-EU accession wave, 2000–2003; (ii) the post-accession wave, 2004–2008; (iii) the crisis-driven wave, 2009–2010; and (iv) the po…