Search results for "Human health and pathology"
showing 10 items of 1461 documents
Assessment of tumor-infiltrating TCRV γ 9V δ 2 γδ lymphocyte abundance by deconvolution of human cancers microarrays
2017
Most human blood γδ cells are cytolytic TCRVγ9Vδ2+lymphocytes with antitumor activity. They are currently investigated in several clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy but so far, their tumor infiltration has not been systematically explored across human cancers. Novel algorithms allowing the deconvolution of bulk tumor transcriptomes to find the relative proportions of infiltrating leucocytes, such as CIBERSORT, should be appropriate for this aim but in practice they fail to accurately recognize γδ T lymphocytes. Here, by implementing machine learning from microarray data, we first improved the computational identification of blood-derived TCRVγ9Vδ2+γδ lymphocytes and then appl…
High-throughput sequencing for 1-methyladenosine (m1A) mapping in RNA
2016
Abstract Detection and mapping of modified nucleotides in RNAs is a difficult and laborious task. Several physico-chemical approaches based on differential properties of modified nucleotides can be used, however, most of these methods do not allow high-throughput analysis. Here we describe in details a method for mapping of rather common 1-methyladenosine (m1A) residues using high-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS). Since m1A residues block primer extension during reverse transcription (RT), the accumulation of abortive products as well as the nucleotide misincorporation can be detected in the sequencing data. The described library preparation protocol allows to capture both types …
Liver Fat Content in People with Pituitary Diseases: Influence of Serum IGF1 Levels
2017
AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD is also seen in patients with endocrinopathies. However, the relationship between endocrine diseases and the development of NAFLD is not well known. In this study, we set out to determine whether liver fat content (LFC) was associated with IGF1 levels in people with pituitary diseases (PD). Eighty-nine patients with pituitary diseases and 74 healthy controls were included in this study. LFC was measured using MRI. Hepatic steatosis was defined as LFC>5.5%. Patients with PD were older, and had a higher BMI than healthy controls. LFC was significantly higher…
High serum CXCL10 in Rickettsia conorii infection is endothelial cell ă mediated subsequent to whole blood activation
2016
International audience; Background: The pathophysiological hallmark of Rickettsia conorii (R. ă conorii) infection comprises infection of endothelial cells with ă perivascular infiltration of T-cells and macrophages. Although ă interferon (IFN)-gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10)/CXCL10 is induced ă during vascular inflammation, data on CXCL10 in R. conorii infection is ă scarce. ă Methods: Serum CXCL10 was analyzed in two cohorts of southern European ă patients with R. conorii infection using multiplex cytokine assays. The ă mechanism of R. conorii-induced CXCL10 release was examined ex vivo ă using human whole blood interacting with endothelial cells. ă Results: (i) At admission, R. conorii …
“Pro-youthful” factors in the “labyrinth” of cardiac rejuvenation
2016
IF 3.350; International audience; The mechanisms of aging and senescence include various endogenous and exogenous factors. Among cardiovascular diseases, heart failure is a typical age-related disease. New strategies to restore cardiomyocyte cells have been reported: endogenous substances that can regenerate the heart's cardiomyocytes have been described: follistatin like 1 (FSTL1), growth-differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). Manipulation of the different anti and pro-pathways is essential to discover new approaches to regenerative therapies. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The Early Indicators of Functional Decrease in Mild Cognitive Impairment
2016
OBJECTIVES: Motor deficiency is associated with cognitive frailty in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairments (MCI). In this study we aimed to test the integrity of the muscle synergy involved in an arm-pointing movement in MCI patients, non-impaired functionally. Thus, we were able to test the hypothesis that early motor indicators exist in this population at a preclinical level. METHODS: The electromyographic signals were collected for 11 muscles in 3 groups: Young Adults (YA), Aged Adults (AA), and MCI patients. The AA and MCI groups presented the same functional status. Each subject performed twenty arm-pointing movements from a standing position. RESULTS: The main differences were (1) …
Reliable determination of new lipid peroxidation compounds as potential early Alzheimer Disease biomarkers.
2018
Lipid peroxidation plays an important role in Alzheimer Disease, so corresponding metabolites found in urine samples could be potential biomarkers. The aim of this work is to develop a reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analytical method to determine a new set of lipid peroxidation compounds in urine samples. Excellent sensitivity was achieved with limits of detection between 0.08 and 17 nmol L-1, which renders this method suitable to monitor analytes concentrations in real samples. The method's precision was satisfactory with coefficients of variation around 5-17% (infra-day) and 8-19% (inter-day). The accuracy of the method was assessed by analysis o…
The Role of Osteoprotegerin and Its Ligands in Vascular Function
2019
International audience; The superfamily of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors includes osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligands, which are receptor activators of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). The OPG/RANKL/RANK system plays an active role in pathological angiogenesis and inflammation as well as cell survival. It has been demonstrated that there is crosstalk between endothelial cells and osteoblasts during osteogenesis, thus establishing a connection between angiogenesis and osteogenesis. This OPG/RANKL/RANK/TRAIL system acts on specific cell surface receptors, which are then able to transmit their signals to other intracellular comp…
In vitro effects of vitamins C and E, n-3 and n-6 PUFA and n-9 MUFA on placental cell function and redox status in type 1 diabetic pregnant women.
2016
IF 2.972; International audience; The aim of this investigation was to determine the in vitro effects of vitamin C and E, n-3 and n-6 PUFA and n-9 MUFA on placental cell proliferation and function in type 1 diabetes. Placenta tissues were collected from 30 control healthy and 30 type 1 diabetic women at delivery. Placental cells were isolated and were cultured in RPMI medium supplemented with vitamin C (50 μM), vitamin E (50 μM), n-3 PUFA (100 μM), n-6 PUFA (100 μM) or n-9 MUFA (100 μM). Cell proliferation, cell glucose uptake and intracellular oxidative status were investigated. Our results showed that basal placental cell proliferation, glucose uptake, malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl p…
The abietane diterpene taxodione contributes to the antioxidant activity of rosemary by-product in muscle tissue
2019
International audience; Research on rosemary antioxidant activity and its potential use in human health and food applications is focused on rosemary leaves and two main bioactive compounds carnosic acid and carnosol. However, many other, not-yet identified molecules could be present, especially in rosemary by-products. In this study, we first showed that rosemary stem extract was the most efficient in protecting human skeletal muscle cells against oxidation. Then, using bioassay-guided fractionation, we identified taxodione, an abietane diterpene, as the main bioactive molecule in the rosemary stem extract. We demonstrated that taxodione protects skeletal muscle cells from hydrogen peroxide…