Search results for "Human immunodeficiency"

showing 10 items of 176 documents

Are Polyfunctional Cells Protective in M. tuberculosis Infection?

2012

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to claim almost 2 million lives each year, and causes active TB disease in over 9 million new cases yearly. Control of TB is further impeded by the strong increase in TB morbidity and mortality due to HIV co-infection, and the rise of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains (WHO. Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planning, financing: WHO 10 report 2008). Clinical disease does not develop in the vast majority (90-98%) of all Mtb infected individuals, providing compelling evidence that the human system is capable of controlling the pathogen. However, these clinically asymptomatic subjects do …

0303 health sciencesTuberculosisbiologybusiness.industryHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Diseasemedicine.disease_causebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseClinical diseaseAsymptomaticVirology3. Good healthMycobacterium tuberculosis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineTuberculosis controlmedicine.symptombusinessPathogen030304 developmental biology030215 immunology
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Correlates of depressive symptoms in transgender women initiating HIV treatment in Argentina

2021

Transgender women (TGW) experience high prevalence of depression worldwide.This study analyzed the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among 61 HIV + TGW (age: M = 29.87 years, SD = 6....

050103 clinical psychologymedicine.medical_specialty030505 public healthHealth (social science)High prevalencebusiness.industry05 social sciencesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)medicine.disease_causeTransgender women03 medical and health sciencesPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical Psychologymedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesHiv treatment0305 other medical sciencePsychiatrybusinessDepression (differential diagnoses)Depressive symptomsJournal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health
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Toxicity as prime selection criterion among SARS-active herbal medications

2021

We present here a new selection criterion for prioritizing research on efficacious drugs for the fight against COVID-19: the relative toxicity versus safety of herbal medications, which were effective against SARS in the 2002/2003 epidemic. We rank these medicines according to their toxicity versus safety as basis for preferential rapid research on their potential in the treatment of COVID-19. The data demonstrate that from toxicological information nothing speaks against immediate investigation on, followed by rapid implementation of Lonicera japonica, Morus alba, Forsythia suspensa, and Codonopsis spec. for treatment of COVID-19 patients. Glycyrrhiza spec. and Panax ginseng are ranked in …

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakmedicine.medical_specialtyRelative toxicityCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Pharmaceutical ScienceReviewSARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 203 medical and health sciencesCytochrome P450 Phytochemicals0302 clinical medicineSOD superoxide dismutaseDrug DiscoveryMedicineAnimalsHumansOral applicationIKK inhibitor of κB kinase030304 developmental biologyPharmacologyRational phytotherapy0303 health sciencesPublic healthCOVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019JNK c-Jun N-terminale kinaseNO nitric oxidePlants MedicinalTraditional medicineToxicityACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2business.industrySARS-CoV-2Public healthCOVID-19Th2 T helper cells type 2NF-κB nuclear factor- κ B cellsComplementary and alternative medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisToxicityMolecular MedicineCYP cytochrome P450 monooxygenaseHIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus 1businessSelection criterionMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseDrugs Chinese HerbalPhytomedicine
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Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…

2021

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…

ARDSSoins intensifs réanimationmedicine.medical_treatmentAirway pressuresPEEP positive end-expiratory pressureCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionHypoxemiaCohort StudiesPositive-Pressure RespirationMechanical ventilationSARI severe acute respiratory infectionlawHospital MortalityProspective StudiesIQR interquartile rangesProspective cohort studyRCT randomized controlled trialTidal volumeSOFA Sequential Organ Failure AssessmentSAPS Simplified Acute Physiology ScoreIntensive care unitVCV volume-controlled ventilationHIV human immunodeficiency virusIntensive Care UnitsIC GLOSSARI Intensive Care Global Study on Severe Acute Respiratory Infectionmedicine.symptomCohort studyLOS length of staymedicine.medical_specialtyVt tidal volumeCOPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNYHA New York Heart Association.PCV pressure-controlled ventilationArticleInternal medicineICU Intensive Care UnitSIMV Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilationmedicineTidal VolumeHumansDP driving pressurePEEPARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeMechanical ventilationbusiness.industryOdds ratioPneumoniaPlateau pressuremedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialVILI ventilator induced lung injuryCI confidence intervalOR odds ratioIMV invasive mechanical ventilationCPAP continuous positive airway pressureARDSbusinessSD standard deviationECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationPBW predicted body weightPplat plateau pressure
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Biological Basis of the HLA-B8,DR3-Associated Progression of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

1998

The factors influencing the evolution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not fully known, but the host genotype undoubtedly plays a role in determining the outcome of the disease by affecting the immune response to HIV. The role of the host human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype in the regulation of susceptibility to HIV infection and expression has been studied extensively in different major risk groups. Certain HLA alleles and haplotypes, being associated with aberrant immune responses independently from HIV infection, have been reported to facilitate the rapid progression of disorders related to HIV infection. Particularly, the association of rapid acquired immunodeficie…

Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeGenotypeHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Cell BiologyGeneral MedicineDiseaseBiologymedicine.disease_causemedicine.diseaseVirologyImmune deficiency syndromeHLA-B8 AntigenPathology and Forensic MedicineHLA-DR3 AntigenTh2 CellsHaplotypesAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)ImmunologyDisease ProgressionmedicineHumansDisease SusceptibilityMolecular BiologyHost genotypePathobiology
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Seguint la pista del VIH: els estudis evolutius i la comprensió de la sida.

2013

El VIH o virus de la immunodefi ciencia humana te un gran impacte sanitari, social i economic; les terapies actuals permeten controlar la infeccio pero no s’ha trobat tractament guaridor ni vacuna efectiva. Per a aconseguir aquests objectius, ha de tenir-se en compte la gran variabilitat genetica i la rapida evolucio del VIH, associades, per exemple, a l’aparicio de variants de resistencia a farmacs o de canvis antigenics.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)medicineHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)General MedicineBiologymedicine.diseasemedicine.disease_causeHumanitiesMètode Popular Science Journal
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A qualitative model of the HIV vital cycle

1992

Qualitative modelling is a recent artificial intelligence approach to physical system modelling. This approach has been successfully applied in several fields. On the basis of an analysis and qualitative modelling of cell growth, we reckon that a qualitative model of the vital cycle of HIV can be proposed, including the phases in which HIV can be attacked. The actions of antiviral drugs can also be qualitatively modelled, provided their action mechanism is known, even only in a broad sense.

Action (philosophy)Management scienceMechanism (biology)fungiImmunologyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)medicinePhysical systemfood and beveragesBiologymedicine.disease_causeCellular biophysics
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Human immunodeficiency virus infection mimics autoimmune hepatitis--a case report.

1988

AdultAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeHepatitis Viral Humanbusiness.industryHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)AIDS SerodiagnosisHIVGeneral MedicineAutoimmune hepatitismedicine.disease_causemedicine.diseaseVirologyMolecular medicineHuman geneticsAutoimmune DiseasesDiagnosis DifferentialLiverDrug DiscoverymedicineMolecular MedicineHumansFemalebusinessGenetics (clinical)Klinische Wochenschrift
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MMP-7 promoter polymorphisms do not influence CD4+ recovery and changes in plasma viral load during antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection.

2005

Summary Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) generates soluble Fas Ligand (FasL), which is involved in the apoptotic loss of CD4+ T cells during HIV infection. We evaluated whether two polymorphisms in MMP-7 promoter could influence CD4+ recover in response to antiretroviral therapy, and found that these polymorphisms are ineffective.

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleImmunologyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)HIV InfectionsMatrix metalloproteinasemedicine.disease_causeMMP-7; Fas ligand; CD4T cells; HIV infectionFas ligandPlasma viral loadGeneticsHumansMedicineMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)Polymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryMetalloendopeptidasesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedViral LoadAntiretroviral therapySoluble fas ligandCD4 Lymphocyte CountAnti-Retroviral AgentsApoptosisMatrix Metalloproteinase 7ImmunologyHIV-1business
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Influence of lifelong cumulative HIV viremia on long-term recovery of CD4+ cell count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio among patients on combination antiretrovira…

2015

OBJECTIVE We explored the impact of lifelong cumulative HIV viremia on immunological recovery during antiretroviral therapy, according to the timing of treatment initiation. METHODS We estimated lifelong cumulative HIV viremia in patients followed in the ANRS PRIMO cohort since primary infection, including 244 patients who started treatment during PHI and had at least one treatment interruption, and 218 patients who started treatment later but with no interruptions. The impact of cumulative viremia on current immunological status was analysed using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS At the last visit on treatment, median CD4 cell count was 645 cells/μl in the early/intermittent …

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMalePercentilemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsImmunologyCD4-CD8 RatioHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)CD4-CD8 RatioHIV InfectionsViremiaCD8-Positive T-Lymphocytesmedicine.disease_causeLogistic regressionMedication AdherenceCohort StudiesAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActiveInternal medicineSecondary PreventionmedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyLongitudinal StudiesProspective StudiesViremiaCd4 cell countbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseAntiretroviral therapyCD4 Lymphocyte CountInfectious DiseasesAnti-Retroviral AgentsCohortImmunologyFemalebusinessAIDS
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