Search results for "Humerus"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
Epidemiological study on supracondylar fractures of distal humerus in pediatric patients
2019
Abstract Objective The purpose of this work is to study the epidemiology of patients with distal humerus supracondylar fractures in pediatric age treated in a tertiary hospital. Method A descriptive study was conducted on the epidemiological characteristics of distal humerus supracondylar fractures in pediatric patients treated in a tertiary hospital from January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2018. The following variables were analyzed: age, side of lesion, sex, type of Gartland’s classification, date of injury, mechanism, place and moment of trauma, therapeutic attitude, complications and associated fractures. Results A total of 140 patients were included in the study, with an average age of 5 years…
Bone and body segment lengthening and widening: a 7-year follow-up study in pubertal girls.
2010
Abstract During growth bone increases in length and width as does the body size. The aim of this paper was to examine the growth pattern of body height and weight, and the width and length of various body segments, and to establish the timing of peak growth velocity (PV) in relation to time of menarche in a cohort of Finnish girls followed from age 10 until 18. The study was a 7-year longitudinal cohort study. Widths and lengths of body segments and bones were measured from DXA scan images using bone landmarks in 396 girls aged 10 to 13 years at baseline, and in 255 mothers and 159 grandmothers. The girls' growth velocities (rate of change with time) peaked at 13.5 months prior to menarche …
Loading modalities and bone structures at nonweight-bearing upper extremity and weight-bearing lower extremity: a pQCT study of adult female athletes.
2005
This cross-sectional study of adult female athletes assessed whether the apparent loading-related differences in bone structure are primarily associated with the loading type or the muscle performance-related joint moments. Several structural variables at shaft sites of the tibia, radius and humerus, and distal sites of the tibia and radius were measured with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) among 113 female national level athletes (representing hurdling, volleyball, soccer, racket-sports and swimming) and their 30 nonathletic referents. For the weight-bearing lower extremities, the loading modalities of the above sports were classified into high-impact (hurdling, volleyba…
Three-dimensional distribution of trabecular bone density and cortical thickness in the distal humerus
2008
One major barrier to osteosynthesis in distal humeral fractures is poor bone quality. This study was an attempt to measure the bone quality in the distal humerus.We measured the distribution of total bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular BMD (tBMD), and cortical thickness (CTh) in the distal humerus using peripheral quantitive computed tomography. Four slices in the infracondylar, supracondylar, and distal disphyseal regions of 25 human cadaver humeri were investigated.Total BMD decreased continuously from the distal diaphysis to the trochlea. Within the infracondylar region, the capitellum was the region of lowest tBMD and CTh (P.001). Measurements in anterior regions were higher than in …
Muscle loading and activation of the shoulder joint during humeral external rotation by pulley and variable resistance.
2010
The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in the loading of glenohumeral joint muscles between a cable pulley machine (CP) and variable resistance machine (VR) during axial humeral external rotation.Eleven healthy male subjects took part in the study. Intramuscular electromyography from five muscles of the shoulder (medial deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus and upper part of the trapezius), torque and power output was measured at different rotation angles and with different loads (10%, 50% and 100% of 1RM). Also the compressive and shear force in the glenohumeral joint was analyzed at the horizontal level at angles of rotation. External rotation was performed with a self-selected …
Indications and limitations of the fixator TGF “Gex-Fix” in proximal end humeral fractures
2014
Abstract The incidence of fractures of the humerus has increased exponentially in recent years. The most used classifications for humerus fracture are morphological (Neer), biological (AO/ASIF) and descriptive (Hertel). The types of surgical treatment for humerus fracture include prosthetic replacement and synthesis using different devices, including the Tension Guide Fixator (TGF), Gex-Fix. External fixation for displaced proximal humeral fractures avoids dissection and soft tissue stripping and has been reported by some authors to be associated with higher union rates, a lower incidence of avascular necrosis, less scarring of the scapulohumeral interface, and faster rehabilitation compare…
Clinical performance of a new medullary humeral nail: antegrade versus retrograde insertion.
2001
Objective A new intramedullary nail system for humeral shaft fractures is evaluated to determine whether retrograde nailing is as reliable as antegrade nailing. Study design Prospective multicenter nonrandomized clinical study. Patients Eighty-four patients with acute humeral shaft fractures were nailed with the new unreamed humeral nail (UHN) system. Fifty-seven nails were introduced retrogradely, and twenty-seven antegradely. Bone healing and functional outcome were the follow-up parameters. Results The ratio of perioperative complications was equivalent for both groups, but one shaft fracture and three fractures or fissures at the entry point occurred in the group with retrograde nail in…
Isolated fractures of the greater tuberosity of the proximal humerus
2011
Background and purpose The diagnosis and treatment of isolated greater tuberosity fractures of the proximal humerus is not clear-cut. We retrospectively assessed the clinical and radiographic outcome of isolated greater tuberosity fractures. Patients and methods 30 patients (mean age 58 (26–85) years, 19 women) with 30 closed isolated greater tuberosity fractures were reassessed after an average follow-up time of 3 years with DASH score and Constant score. Radiographic outcome was assessed on standard plain radiographs. Results 14 of 17 patients with undisplaced or slightly displaced fractures (≤ 5 mm) were treated nonoperatively and had good clinical outcome (mean DASH score of 13, mean Co…
Reliability of upper-limb diaphyseal mineral and soft-tissue measurements using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT)
2018
Objectives: To quantify between-day reliability of upper-body diaphyseal measurements (radius, ulna, humerus) using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). - Methods: Fourteen males (age: 25.8±2.3 years,) underwent repeat pQCT scans (one to two days apart) at mid-shaft ulna (60%), mid-shaft radius (60%) and mid-shaft humerus (50%) cross-sections of the non-dominant limb. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficients of variation (CV) were determined for musculoskeletal morphology variables. - Results: Reliability was excellent (ICC: 0.76–0.99; CV: 1.3– 7.3) at all sites for bone mass, stress-strain index, endocortical and pericortical radius, endocortical volumetric…
Volumetric changes of articular cartilage during stress relaxation in unconfined compression
2000
The time-dependent lateral expansion and load relaxation of cartilage cylinders subjected to unconfined compression were simultaneously recorded. These measurements were used to (1) test the assumption of incompressibility for articular cartilage, (2) measure the Poisson's ratio of articular cartilage in compression and (3) investigate the relationship between stress relaxation and volumetric change. Mechanical tests were performed on fetal, calf, and adult humeral head articular cartilage. The instantaneous Poisson's ratio of adult cartilage was 0.49+/-0.08 (mean+S.D.), thus confirming the assumption of incompressibility for this tissue. The instantaneous Poisson's ratio was significantly …