Search results for "Hungarian"

Beware of the dog! Private linguistic landscapes in two ‘Hungarian’ villages in South-West Slovakia

2015

This study demonstrates how a single type of sign can be connected to language policy on a larger scale. Focusing on the relationship between language policy and language ideologies, I investigate the private Linguistic Landscape (LL) of Hungarians living in two villages in Slovakia. Through an examination of ‘beware of the dog’ signs, it is shown how such signs can be indicative of different language policies. In Slovakia, the Hungarian public LL is often referred to as a threat to the state language and public order. This ideology is reflected on the LL so that there are mostly Slovak-only public signs in bilingual and Hungarian dominant villages. The private realm is the only significant…

Teaching the Romanian neighbors Hungarian: language ideologies and the Debrecen Summer School

2016

AbstractThis article is a contribution to the hitherto scant literature on learning a historical minority language and on language ideologies in the context of a study abroad program in Hungary, Debrecen. I analyse the language ideologies of the decision makers in Hungary and in the Debrecen Summer School in relation to the teaching of Hungarian to the neighboring peoples. Drawing on interactional data of participants from Romania, the perspective of learning Hungarian as a historical minority language is examined. The present article combines a historical approach with language ideologies by focusing on an institution offering language education. Language ideologies are presented as they a…

The impact of Finno-Ugric languages in second language research: Looking back and setting goals

2012

This state of the art review aims at discussing the potential relevance of Finno-Ugric languages in the larger context of second language research. Key results received in the studies conducted in the field of Finno-Ugric languages as second languages are introduced, and some interim conclusions based on them are made. The main areas in focus are cross-linguistic influence, forms and constructions, second language interaction, and motivation, identities and integration. Furthermore, some future lines of investigation are suggested for the researchers of the field. The research activities are recommended to get more closely bound to the internationally established or emerging paradigms, and …

Hybrid practices meet nation-state language policies: Transcarpathia in the twentieth century and today

2016

AbstractFrom the early twentieth century to the present day, Transcarpathia has belonged to several states: the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy, Czechoslovakia, the Hungarian Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and finally to Ukraine. The status of what counts as a minority and a majority language has changed each time the state affiliation has been changed. Based on the long term research by Csernicskó, and on the one-month fieldwork carried out by Laihonen in 2012, our goal is to provide an autonomous critical account and discourse analysis of the linguistic situation in Transcarpathia. We draw examples especially from the linguistic landscape, which documents the hybrid practices difficult to catch w…

The changing schoolscape in a Szekler village in Romania: signs of diversity in rehungarization

2015

In this paper, we explore the connections between a linguistic landscape and language ideologies in an elementary school in a village within the Hungarian region of Szeklerland in Romania. This ‘schoolscape’ is analysed as a display or materialization of the ‘hidden curriculum’ regarding the construction of linguistic and cultural identities. We draw on fieldwork carried out in 2012 and 2013 and examine two dimensions of change in progress: (1) changes in the use of Hungarian and Romanian as languages of teaching and learning and as languages of written administration; and (2) changes in the display of these languages in the schoolscape. Since 1990, there has been a tendency towards rehunga…

Dynamic programming and Munkres algorithm for optimal photovoltaic arrays reconfiguration

2015

Abstract In this paper, an original formulation of the control problem for optimal PV array reconfiguration, following a Total Cross Tied layout, is proposed. The formulation follows the well-known subset sum problem, which is a special case of the knapsack problem. The reconfiguration is a measure devoted to mitigate the mismatch effect and maximize the output power of small photovoltaic plants under non-homogeneous working conditions. Therefore, reconfiguration means changing the connections of the solar panels adaptively by a dynamic switching matrix. The control system implements an easy dynamic programming algorithm to change the switches layout. The use of the Munkres assignment metho…

Otthon és haza : tanulmányok a romániai magyar kisebbség történetéről

2013

The goal of this thesis is to show, through the history of the Hungarian minority in Romania, what drives the self-organisation of a minority community, and to what degree, in what respect is this historical, social phenomenon specific. Beside the theoretical introduction, the thesis consists of eight chapters, organised into three larger blocks. The structure reflects a methodological distinction as well: in the beginning, some case studies are offered; these are followed by presentations of institutional and conceptual history; in conclusion, an interpretive model is offered. The first part, entitled Cleavages, contains three case studies. These present in detail the major historical turn…

Covid 19, Stato di diritto e Convenzione europea dei diritti dell'uomo: il caso ungherese

2021

In this brief intervention it is submitted that the emergency measures against COVID-19, adopted by the Hungarian Government, infringe the rule of law under the European Convention of Human Rights. First of all, these measures appear to be discriminatory, according to art. 1 of the Convention, insofar as they expressly aim at protecting only Hungarian citizens. Furthermore, they are not “necessary” under article 15, given that they extend to the « legal security and the stability of the national economy ». Thirdly, the measures at stake cannot be deemed proportionate (under art. 15), to the extent that : (a) they are not limited in time ; (b) they provide the government with the power to ex…

Nyelvi tájkép egy csallóközi és egy mátyusföldi faluban, 'The Linguistic Landscape of Two Hungarian villages in South-West Slovakia'

2012

Three-dimensional phase unwrapping using the Hungarian algorithm.

2009

We propose a three-dimensional phase unwrapping technique that uses the Hungarian algorithm to join together all the partial residual loops that may occur in a wrapped phase volume. Experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm is more robust and reliable than other well-known three-dimensional phase unwrapping algorithms. Additionally, the proposed algorithm is fast in terms of computational complexity, which makes it suitable for practical applications.