Search results for "Hybridization"

showing 10 items of 812 documents

A method for eluting DNA in a wide range of molecular weights from agarose gels

1991

We have developed a simple and rapid method for recovering DNAs of a wide range of molecular weights from agarose gels. A DNA-containing gel slice is placed on a Parafilm sheet in the center of a circular (positive) electrode and covered with a drop of buffer, while a linear (negative) electrode is placed on the top of the gel and driven about 1 mm into the gel itself. When a continuous current is applied, the DNA migrates into the buffer toward the circular electrode. We have obtained almost total recovery of DNAs up to 10 kb in size. Our method may also be used, under appropriate conditions, for higher molecular weight DNAs. The yield and all the biological assays performed on the DNAs ob…

Electrophoresis Agar GelGel electrophoresisChromatographyParafilmMolecular massElutionChemistryBiophysicsNucleic Acid HybridizationDNACell BiologyBiochemistryBuffer (optical fiber)Molecular Weightchemistry.chemical_compoundYield (chemistry)ElectrodeAgaroseMolecular BiologyAnalytical Biochemistry
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Sliding-end-labelling

1986

Abstract A method, termed ‘sliding-end-labelling’, has been devised to avoid a frequent artifact in nucleosome positioning by indirect end labelling, namely the appearing of DNA fragments originated by two nuclease cuts, one of them lying within the region covered by the probe. The method is applied to the nucleosome positioning in the yeast SUC2 gene for invertase.

Electrophoresis Agar GelNucleasebiologyBiophysicsNucleic Acid HybridizationDNA Restriction EnzymesSaccharomyces cerevisiaeCell BiologyBiochemistryNucleosomesChromatin Nucleosome positioning Indirect end labelling SUC2 gene (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)BiochemistryStructural BiologyLabellingGeneticsbiology.proteinMicrococcal NucleaseNucleosomeDNA FungalBiological systemMolecular BiologyFEBS Letters
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cDNA cloning and deduced amino acid sequence of a major, glycine-rich cuticular protein from the coleopteran Tenebrio molitor. Temporal and spatial d…

1992

0014-2956 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; In Coleoptera, the elytra (forewings), with a very hard and thick cuticle, protect the membranous and delicate hindwings against mechanical stress. We have isolated and characterized a cDNA encoding a major cuticle protein in Tenebrio molitor, named ACP-20. The deduced amino acid sequence is roughly tripartite, with two terminal glycine-rich domains and a central region showing pronounced similarities with some other hard cuticle proteins. Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses reveal that ACP-20 gene expression is developmentally regulated since transcript accumulation occurs only in epidermal regions synthesizin…

Electrophoresismedia_common.quotation_subjectCuticleMolecular Sequence DataGlycineProteins/chemistry/*geneticsBiologyBiochemistryDNA/chemistry/*geneticsComplementary DNAGene expressionBiological/genetics/physiologyAnimalsElectrophoresis Gel Two-DimensionalNorthernNorthern blotAmino Acid SequenceCloning MolecularMetamorphosisTenebrioPeptide sequencemedia_commonGelBase SequenceMetamorphosisBlottingMetamorphosis BiologicalNucleic acid sequenceProteinsMolecularNucleic Acid HybridizationDNABlotting NorthernMolecular biologyTenebrio/chemistry/*geneticsCell biologyGene Expression RegulationGlycine/analysisJuvenile hormoneTwo-DimensionalInsect ProteinsCloning
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Function of RAR? and RAR?2 at the initiation of retinoid signaling is essential for avian embryo survival and for distinct events in cardiac morphoge…

2003

Avian embryogenesis requires retinoid receptor activation by the vitamin A active form, retinoic acid (RA), during neurulation. We conducted loss-of-function analysis in quail embryos by nutritional deprivation of RA and by blocking generation of retinoid receptors. Here we identify a distinct role for RARα2 in cardiac inflow tract morphogenesis and for RARγ in cardiac left/right orientation and looping morphogenesis. Blocking normal embryos with antisense oligonucleotides to RARα2 or RXRα diminishes GATA-4 transcripts, while blocking RARγ or RXRα diminishes nodal and Pitx2 transcripts; the expression of these genes in the heart forming region resembles that of the vitamin A-deficient embry…

Embryo NonmammalianTime Factorsanimal structuresCell SurvivalReceptors Retinoic Acidmedicine.drug_classMorphogenesisRetinoic acidRetinoid receptorCoturnixBiologyRetinoidschemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRetinoidIn Situ HybridizationHomeodomain ProteinsGeneticsRetinoid X receptor alphaPITX2MyocardiumRetinoic Acid Receptor alphaGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalOligonucleotides AntisenseGATA4 Transcription FactorCell biologyDNA-Binding ProteinsPhenotypeRetinoid X ReceptorschemistrySignal transductionNODALSignal TransductionTranscription FactorsDevelopmental BiologyDevelopmental Dynamics
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An organizing region in metamorphosing hydrozoan planula larvae--stimulation of axis formation in both larval and in adult tissue.

2010

A novel wingless gene was isolated from the marine colonial hydroid Hydractinia echinata. Alignments and Bayesian inference analysis clearly assign the gene to the Wnt5A group. In line with data found for the brachyury ortholog of Hydractinia, He-wnt5A is expressed during metamorphosis in the posterior tip of the spindle-shaped planula larva, suggesting that the tip functions as a putative organizer during metamorphosis. Additionally, the outermost cells of the posterior tip are omitted from apoptosis during metamorphosis. In order to investigate this putative organizer function, we transplanted the posterior tip of metamorphosing animals into non-induced larvae and into primary polyps 24 h…

EmbryologyBrachyuryanimal structuresTime Factorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectMolecular Sequence DataApoptosisModels BiologicalHydractinia echinataHydractiniaIn Situ Nick-End LabelingAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceMetamorphosisPlanulaIn Situ HybridizationPhylogenymedia_commonBody PatterningRegulation of gene expressionLarvabiologySequence Homology Amino AcidfungiMetamorphosis BiologicalGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalAnatomybiology.organism_classificationCell biologyWnt ProteinsHydrozoaLarvaHydroid (zoology)Tissue TransplantationDevelopmental BiologyThe International journal of developmental biology
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Highly restricted expression at the ectoderm–endoderm boundary of PIHbox 9, a sea urchin homeobox gene related to the human HB9 gene

1998

Abstract Characterisation of a sea urchin (P. lividus) homeobox gene PIHbox 9 is reported. The homeodomain of PIHbox9 is 95% identical to the homeodomain of the human HB9 gene, indicating that the two genes are highly related. Temporal expression analysis during sea urchin embryogenesis showed an absence of transcripts at early cleavage stages. At late gastrula stage, transcripts were barely detectable and reached the highest abundance at prism/early pluteus stages. By whole mount in situ hybridisation we observed a highly restricted expression in a few cells of the ectoderm–endoderm boundary of embryos at the prism stage. At pluteus stages, expression of PIHbox 9 was confined around the an…

EmbryologyEmbryo Nonmammaliananimal structuresEctodermParacentrotus lividusbiology.animalEctodermmedicineAnimalsPluteusSea urchinIn Situ HybridizationHomeodomain ProteinsGeneticsbiologyEndodermEmbryogenesisGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalGastrulabiology.organism_classificationCell biologyGastrulationmedicine.anatomical_structureSea Urchinsembryonic structuresHomeoboxEndodermTranscription FactorsDevelopmental BiologyMechanisms of Development
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saliva, a new Drosophila gene expressed in the embryonic salivary glands with homologues in plants and vertebrates.

1998

saliva (slv) transcription begins at the salivary gland placodes and continues on throughout development as salivary glands invaginate and reach their final location and morphology. saliva is located cytogenetically in 76A/B, and encodes a 226-amino-acid protein with four hydrophobic domains. A Northern blot detects a 1.6-kb transcript throughout development. Database similarity searches reveal homology to proteins from Caenorhabditis, Lilium, Medicago and mouse.

EmbryologySalivaDNA ComplementaryEmbryo NonmammalianDNA PlantMolecular Sequence DataGenes InsectGenes PlantHomology (biology)Salivary Glandsstomatognathic systemmedicineAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsNorthern blotAmino Acid SequenceSalivary Proteins and PeptidesGeneIn Situ HybridizationbiologySalivary glandSequence Homology Amino AcidGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalSequence Analysis DNAPlantsbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyCaenorhabditismedicine.anatomical_structureDrosophila melanogasterVertebratesDrosophila melanogasterSequence AlignmentDrosophila ProteinDevelopmental BiologyMechanisms of development
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Rat fetuin: distribution of protein and mRNA in embryonic and neonatal rat tissues

1998

Fetuin is a serum protein widely distributed in the animal kingdom and found in all mammalian species so far investigated. It is mainly a fetal protein, in the sense that the highest concentrations are found in serum and body fluids of embryos and fetuses. In order to elucidate possible biological functions of fetuin, we have studied its synthesis and distribution during the prenatal development of the rat with immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. We have isolated fetuin from rat serum and produced an antibody against this protein. In situ hybridization was performed using a 375-nucleotides-long digoxigenin-labeled riboprobe. Fetuin was unevenly distributed in all organ systems d…

Embryologymedicine.medical_specialtyCellular differentiationIn situ hybridizationBiologyGastrointestinal epitheliumImmunoenzyme TechniquesMiceInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsTissue DistributionRNA MessengerIn Situ HybridizationFetal proteinFetusRiboprobeCell BiologyBlotting NorthernEmbryo MammalianFetuinRatsCell biologyEndocrinologyAnimals NewbornAntibody FormationImmunohistochemistryFemaleRabbitsalpha-FetoproteinsAnatomyDevelopmental BiologyAnatomy and Embryology
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A combined approach for gene discovery identifies insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-related protein 1 as a new gene implicated in human endo…

2003

In the past, human endometrial receptivity has been investigated by chasing specific molecules throughout the menstrual cycle. Now the genomic approach allows us to investigate the hierarchical contribution of a high number of genes to a specific function. In this study, we analyzed differentially the gene expression pattern of 375 human cytokines, chemokines, and related factors, plus that of their receptors, in endometrial receptivity. To do this, we used a combined approach of human endometrium and cell lines. We have compared the gene expression pattern in receptive vs. prereceptive human endometria and contrasted the results with gene expression in the highly adhesive cell line (to JAR…

Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryBiologyEndometriumBiochemistryInsulin-like growth factor-binding proteinCell LineEndometriumMiceEndocrinologyPregnancyGene expressionmedicineCell AdhesionAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerReceptorGeneIn Situ HybridizationMenstrual CycleFluorescent DyesMessenger RNAReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionBiochemistry (medical)Epithelial CellsMolecular biologyImmunohistochemistryInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsCytokinemedicine.anatomical_structureBlastocystGene Expression RegulationCell culturebiology.proteinFemaleStromal CellsCarrier ProteinsThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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Tumour vascularization via endothelial differentiation of glioblastoma stem-like cells

2010

Glioblastoma is a highly angiogenetic malignancy, the neoformed vessels of which are thought to arise by sprouting of pre-existing brain capillaries. The recent demonstration that a population of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) maintains glioblastomas indicates that the progeny of these cells may not be confined to the neural lineage. Normal neural stem cells are able to differentiate into functional endothelial cells. The connection between neural stem cells and the endothelial compartment seems to be critical in glioblastoma, where cancer stem cells closely interact with the vascular niche and promote angiogenesis through the release of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and str…

EndotheliumAngiogenesisTransplantation HeterologousSettore MED/27 - NEUROCHIRURGIAMice TransgenicMice SCIDBiologyModels BiologicalMiceVasculogenesisNeural Stem CellsMice Inbred NODCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsHumansCell LineageVasculogenic mimicryglioblastoma tumor vascularizationIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceChromosome AberrationsMultidisciplinaryNeovascularization PathologicEndothelial CellsCell DifferentiationVascular endothelial growth factor BEndothelial stem cellVascular endothelial growth factor Amedicine.anatomical_structureVascular endothelial growth factor CTumor Markers BiologicalImmunologyCancer researchEndothelium VascularGlioblastomaNeoplasm TransplantationNature
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