Search results for "Hydrates"
showing 10 items of 484 documents
Characterisation of the volatile fraction of aromatic caramel using heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatography
2014
The first aim of our study was to improve characterisation of the volatile fraction of aromatic caramel by applying heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and olfactometry (MDGC-MS-O) on targeted odorant fractions. The second aim was to compare the volatile composition of two caramel samples, which differed in terms of their carbohydrate composition and cooking process. MDGC analyses enabled identification of 37 compounds (17 with the addition of pure standard) in the burnt sugar caramel, 20 of which were reported for the first time in caramel. Fifteen compounds were identified as odour-active and described using a range of attributes such as floral, …
Proteoglycan synthesis by cultured human chondrocytes.
1994
Iliac crest biopsies are important in the detection of human skeletal dysplasias. Therefore, culture of these cells may serve as a valuable method for studying proteoglycan metabolism in chondrocytes of individuals with skeletal abnormalities. Morphological and biochemical studies were performed on human iliac crest chondrocytes grown in monolayer and in agarose gels. Two proteoglycan populations of different hydrodynamic size and glycosaminoglycan composition were synthesized by cells grown in monolayer. Chondrocytes cultured in an agarose gel for 2 weeks synthesized proteoglycans identical to those of the native tissue with respect to hydrodynamic size and glycosaminoglycan chain length. …
Candida albicans mycelial wall structure: supramolecular complexes released by zymolyase, chitinase and beta-mercaptoethanol.
1991
Different techniques released from the wall of Candida albicans mycelial cells high molecular weight mannoprotein materials with different levels of complexity. SDS solubilized among others one protein of 180 kDa which reacted with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific of a O-glycosylated protein secreted by regenerating mycelial protoplasts [Elorza et al. (1989) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 162:1118-1125]. Zymolyase, chitinase and beta-mercaptoethanol, released different types of high molecular highly polydisperse mannoprotein materials (greater than 180 kDa) that also reacted with the same MAb. These materials had N-glycosidically linked sugar chains, in addition to the O-glycosidically bond…
Enzyme-Responsive Intracellular Controlled Release Using Nanometric Silica Mesoporous Supports Capped with "Saccharides"
2010
The synthesis of new capped silica mesoporous nanoparticles for on-command delivery applications is described. The gate-like functional hybrid systems consisted of nanoscopic MCM-41-based materials functionalized on the pore outlets with different “saccharide” derivatives and a dye contained in the mesopores. A series of hydrolyzed starch products as saccharides were selected. The mesoporous silica nanoparticles S1, S2, and S3 containing the grafted starch derivatives Glucidex 47, Gludicex 39, and Glucidex 29 were synthesized. Additionally, for comparative purposes solid S4 containing lactose was prepared. Delivery studies in pure water in the presence of pancreatin or -D-galactosidase were…
Pre-Exercise Blood Glucose Levels Determine the Amount of Orally Administered Carbohydrates during Physical Exercise in Individuals with Type 1 Diabe…
2019
The aim of the study was to assess the amount of orally administered carbohydrates needed to maintain euglycemia during moderate-intensity exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Nine participants with type 1 diabetes (four women, age 32.1 ±
Perlecan Maintains microvessel integrity in vivo and modulates their formation in vitro
2012
Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan assembled into the vascular basement membranes (BMs) during vasculogenesis. In the present study we have investigated vessel formation in mice, teratomas and embryoid bodies (EBs) in the absence of perlecan. We found that perlecan was dispensable for blood vessel formation and maturation until embryonic day (E) 12.5. At later stages of development 40% of mutant embryos showed dilated microvessels in brain and skin, which ruptured and led to severe bleedings. Surprisingly, teratomas derived from perlecan-null ES cells showed efficient contribution of perlecan-deficient endothelial cells to an apparently normal tumor vasculature. However, in perlecan…
Ionic Liquids Binary Mixtures: Promising Reaction Media for Carbohydrates Conversion in 5-HMF
Ionic liquids binary mixtures and zeolites: a combination to promote carbohydrates conversion into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Proteoglycan occurrence in gastrolith of the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Malacostraca: Decapoda).
2012
14 pages; International audience; Biomineralized structures are hybrid composites formed and stabilized by the close interaction of the organic and the inorganic phases. Crayfish are good models for studying biomineralization because they develop, in a molting-mineralization cycle, semi-spherical mineralized structures referred to as gastroliths. The organic matrix of these structures consists of proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids. Chitin is the main polysaccharide and is concentrically arranged as fibrous chitin-protein lamellar structures. Although several proteins and low-molecular weight phosphorylated components have been reported to be involved in gastrolith mineralization, the occ…
Comparison of α-acetolactate synthase and α-acetolactate decarboxylase in Lactococcus spp. and Leuconostoc spp.
1994
Cell-free extracts of Leuconostoc and Lactococcus species were tested for their alpha-acetolactate synthase and alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase activities. In Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and Leuconostoc lactis, the Km of alpha-acetolactate synthase for pyruvate was close to 10 mM whereas it was 30 mM in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis. The Km of alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase for alpha-acetolactic acid was very low (0.3 mM) in Leuconostoc species in comparison to Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis (60 mM). In the latter bacterium, alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase showed a sigmoidal de…