Search results for "Hydrogen"

showing 10 items of 4254 documents

Static dielectric constant, viscosity, and structure of pure isomeric pentanols

1981

Static dielectric constants, viscosities, densitites and refractive indices of 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-methyl-2-butanol were measured at 15, 25, 35 and 45°C. These results together with the previous data on n-pentanol have been analyzed in terms of the Kirkwood correlation factor g k and of the energy of activiation for viscous flow. With the exception of 2-methyl-2-butanol, g k was found to be greater than unity. These results show that the monomeric units of isomeric pentanols interact by means of hydrogen bonding to form dynamic structures essentially of two types: linear chains where co-association raises the total polarizability and cyclic d…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryHydrogen bondBiophysicsThermodynamicsDielectricBiochemistryDipoleViscosityPolarizabilityComputational chemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyAlkylJournal of Solution Chemistry
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2-Acylamino-6-pyridones: breaking of an intramolecular hydrogen bond by self-association and complexation with double and triple hydrogenbonding coun…

2012

2-Acylamino-6-pyridones (acyl = RCO, where R = Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu, and 1-adamantyl) were previously characterized by X-ray diffractometry and solid-state NMR techniques by us. One of these compounds was used recently in organocatalysis. The series is now studied in solution and by computational methods recommended for noncovalent interactions (DFT/M05). These compounds showed interesting behavior during dilution and titration experiments monitored by (1)H NMR. 2-Acylamino-6-pyridones change their conformation at higher concentrations, forming double hydrogen-bonded dimers and trimers in which an uncommon steric effect is observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of s…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryIntermolecular forceTautomerCrystallographychemistryIntramolecular forceProton NMRMoleculeNon-covalent interactionsta116Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Improvement of charge-transfer indices for multifunctional amino acids: Application to lysozyme

2008

Valence topological Charge-Transfer (CT) indices are applied to the calculation of pH at the isoelectric point (pI). The model is generalized for molecules with heteroatoms. The ability of the indices for the description of molecular charge distribution is established by comparing them with the pI of 21 amino acids. Linear correlation models are obtained. The CT indices improve multivariable regression equations for pI. The variance decreases by 95%. No superimposition of the corresponding G(k)-J(k) and G(k)(V)-J(k)(V) pairs is observed in most fits, which diminishes the risk of collinearity. The inclusion of heteroatoms in pi-electron system is beneficial for the description of pI, the bec…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)ChemistryStereochemistryStatic ElectricityHeteroatomCharge densityBioengineeringGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAmino acidCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundIsoelectric pointModels ChemicalDrug DiscoveryPiMolecular MedicineMuramidaseIsoelectric PointAmino AcidsLysozymeSAR and QSAR in Environmental Research
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Crystal structure of ethyl 2-(di-eth-oxy-phosphor-yl)-2-(2,3,4-tri-meth-oxy-phen-yl)acetate.

2014

The title compound, C17H27O8P, was prepared by Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction of ethyl 2-bromo-2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)acetate and triethyl phosphite. Such compounds rarely crystallize, but single crystals were recovered after the initial oil was left for approximately 10 years. The bond angle of thesp3-hybridized C atom connecting the benzene derivative with the phospho unit is widened marginally [112.5 (2)°]. The terminal P—O bond length of 1.464 (2) Å clearly indicates a double bond, whereas the two O atoms of the ethoxy groups connected to the phosphorous atom have bond lengths of 1.580 (2) Å and 1.581 (3) Å. The three methoxy groups emerge out of the benzene-ring plane due to steric hind…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationcrystal structureCrystallographyMichaelis–Arbuzov reactionDouble bondChemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCrystal structurephosphonoacetateCondensed Matter PhysicsBioinformaticsData ReportsBond lengthCrystalCrystallographyMolecular geometryQD901-999hydrogen bondsMichaelis–Arbuzov reactionGeneral Materials Sciencenon-merohedral twinActa crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online
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Tropylium cation capsule of hydrogen-bonded tetraurea calix[4]arene dimers

2001

The interaction between tropylium salts and tetraurea calix[4]arene derivatives (such as 1 and 2) was studied in solution using 1D, 2D, diffusion, VT NMR and UV–visible spectroscopy. It was found that tropylium salts form charge transfer complexes with both the monomers and dimers of the tetraurea calix[4]arene derivatives depending on the experimental conditions. Compound 1 increases dramatically the solubility of tropylium salts in apolar solvents such as C2D4Cl2, CDCl3 and CD2Cl2 by forming the molecular capsule 1·C7H7+·1. In contrast to the benzene capsule of 1, in 1·C7H7+·1 the hydrogen bonds in the equatorial region that hold together the two parts of the dimer change their directiona…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMonomerchemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondTropylium cationDimerElectronic effectSolubilityBenzene
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N-Methyl-N-(2-nitrophenyl)nitramine andN-methyl-N-(3-nitrophenyl)nitramine

2005

The structures of the two title isomeric compounds (systematic names: N-meth­yl-N,2-dinitro­aniline and N-meth­yl-N,3-di­nitro­aniline, both C7H7N3O4) are slightly different because they exhibit different steric hindrances and hydrogen-bonding environments. The aromatic rings are planar. The –N(Me)NO2 and –NO2 groups are not coplanar with the rings. Comparison of the geometric parameters of the ortho, meta and para isomers together with those of N-meth­yl-N-phenyl­nitramine suggests that the position of the nitro group has a strong influence on the aromatic ring distortion. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to the nitramine group.

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryHydrogen bondStereochemistryGroup (periodic table)NitroAromaticityGeneral MedicineCrystal structureRing (chemistry)TetrylGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 2-(((Phenoxy or Phenyl)acetyl)amino)benzoic Acid Derivatives as 3α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Inhibitors and …

2010

A number of 2-([(phenoxy or phenyl)acetyl]amino)benzoic acid derivatives were prepared in about 50% yield from (phenoxy or phenyl)acetyl chloride and anthranilic acid derivatives. All the compounds were tested as in vitro inhibitors of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, since enzyme inhibition predicts potential antiinflammatory activity in vivo. The most active compounds 3 l, m, s are about 3.5 times more active than acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Activity is influenced by electronic as well as steric effects.

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryIn vivoAcetyl chlorideYield (chemistry)Anthranilic acidDehydrogenaseGeneral MedicineMedicinal chemistryIn vitroBenzoic acidChemInform
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Crystal structure of 4-[(adamantan-1-yl)amino]­naphthalene-1,2-dione

2019

The title compound, an example of a stable 1,2-naphtho­quinone, illustrates steric buttressing of the adamantanyl group.

Steric effectscrystal structureAdamantaneintra­molecular hydrogen bondingadamantanenaphthoquinoneAdamantaneCrystal structureN— HO hydrogen bonding010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciencesResearch CommunicationsCrystallcsh:ChemistryDelocalized electronchemistry.chemical_compoundNaphthoquinoneGroup (periodic table)General Materials ScienceNaphthaleneintramolecular hydrogen bondingCrystal structurenaphtho­quinone548.81 Cristalografía estructuralIntramolecular hydrogen bondingGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsNaphthoquinone0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistrylcsh:QD1-999N—H...O hydrogen bondingN—H⋯O hydrogen bondingActa Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications
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Crystal structure of N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)phenylalanyldehydroalanine isopropyl ester (Boc–Phe–ΔAla–OiPr)

2014

In the crystal structure of the de­hydro­dipeptide (Boc-Phe-ΔAla-OiPr), the mol­ecule has a trans configuration of the N-methyl­amide group. Its geometry is different from saturated peptides but is in excellent agreement with other de­hydro­alanine compounds. In the crystal, an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond links the mol­ecules in a herringbone packing arrangement.

Steric effectsde­hydro­alaninecrystal structurede­hydro peptidesCrystal structureResearch Communicationslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDehydroalanineαβ-dehydroamino acidsPeptide bondMoietyGeneral Materials ScienceHydrogen bond[alpha]General Chemistrydehydroalaninedehydro peptidesCondensed Matter Physicsherringbone packing[beta]-de­hydro­amino acidsCrystallographyMolecular geometrychemistrylcsh:QD1-999αβ-de­hydro­amino acidsIsopropylActa Crystallographica Section E
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The role of environmental factors and medium composition on bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) production by Enterococcus mundtii strains

2008

Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS)-producers Enterococcus mundtii WGWT1-1A, WGW11.2, WGJ20.1, WGJ40.2 and WGK53 from raw material origin were subjected to a study for the characterization of antimicrobial compound production under several growth conditions, including different cultivation media, growth temperatures, pHs, different concentrations and sources of nitrogen compounds, carbohydrates and other nutritional factors, and in the presence of different percentages of ethanol and NaCl. The five E. mundtii strains showed different behaviors. However, in all cases, MRS and sour dough bacteria (SDB) were found as the optimal media for BLIS production. In general, the higher BLIS …

Strain (chemistry)Enterococcus mundtiiTemperatureBiologyHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationStreptococcaceaeMicrobiologyMicrobiologyCulture MediaBacteriocinEnterococcusBacteriocinsFood MicrobiologyFood microbiologyComposition (visual arts)batteriocine Enterococcus mundtiiBacteriaEnterococcusFood Science
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