Search results for "Hydrogen"
showing 10 items of 4254 documents
Flavour retention and release from protein solutions
2006
International audience; This paper briefly presents the main results obtained up to now on protein–flavour binding and release in relation with flavour perception. Among the food proteins, β-lactoglobulin is the most extensively studied for its binding properties, which involve both hydrophobic and hydrogen binding. Recent developments using molecular modelling and Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship confirmed the existence of two different binding sites for flavour compounds on β-lactoglobulin. During the aroma release process in the mouth, not only free aroma compounds are released but also those reversibly bound by the protein, pointing out the fact that flavour perception is on…
Contribution of bacteria to initial input and cycling of nitrogen in soils
2005
New molecular aspects of regulation of mitochondrial activity by fenofibrate and fasting
2000
Abstract Fenofibrate and fasting are known to regulate several genes involved in lipid metabolism in a similar way. In this study measuring several mitochondrial enzyme activities, we demonstrate that, in contrast to citrate synthase and complex II, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is a specific target of these two treatments. In mouse liver organelles, Western blot experiments indicated that mitochondrial levels of p43, a mitochondrial T3 receptor, and mitochondrial peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (mt-PPAR), previously described as a dimeric partner of p43 in the organelle, are increased by both fenofibrate and fasting. In addition, in PPARα-deficient mice, this influence was abolishe…
Spatial distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning
2011
Characterization of spatial patterns of functional microbial communities could facilitate the understanding of the relationships between the ecology of microbial communities, the biogeochemical processes they perform and the corresponding ecosystem functions. Because of the important role the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) have in nitrogen cycling and nitrate leaching, we explored the spatial distribution of their activity, abundance and community composition across a 44-ha large farm divided into an organic and an integrated farming system. The spatial patterns were mapped by geostatistical modeling and correlations to soil properties and ecosystem functioning in terms …
Structural and hydrogenation study on the ball milled TiH2–Mg–Ni
2015
International audience; With the aim of further understanding for TieNieMg alloys and their hydrogenation behavior, powders of TiH2, Mg and Ni with the molar ratio of 3:1:2 have been mechanically milled for 10 h, 20 h, 30 h, 40 h according to the stoichiometry (TiH2)1.5Mg0.5Ni. Microstructures of the milled sample were analyzed and their hydrogenation properties as negative electrodes for Ni-MH batteries were studied. Phase change with milling time revealed the fast formation of the Ti-Mg-H FCC phase. The alloying priority among Ti, Mg and Ni was demonstrated by comparing phase compositions in different milling time. Hydrogen capacities evaluated by both solidegas reaction and electrochemic…
Switch in Relative Stability between cis and trans 2-Butene on Pt(111) as a Function of Experimental Conditions: A Density Functional Theory Study
2018
International audience; The adsorption of cis and trans 2-butenes on Pt(111) has been studied as a function of hydrogen coverage OH by means of calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) with the inclusion of dispersion forces. All hydrogen coverages have been considered, from 0 to 1.00 monolayer (ML). For each case, the di-sigma and pi adsorption geometries of the olefins have been compared at a surface coverage of theta(C4H8) = 0.11 ML. Calculations of the Gibbs free energies of these systems have identified the most stable 2-butene isomer (cis or trans) as a function of coverage, temperature, and pressure. In particular, focus was placed on two sets of conditions, namely, one …
Ash in composting of source-separated catering waste.
2004
Our earlier experiments in small composters (220 l) indicated the favourable effect of ash from co-incineration of sorted dry waste on the composting of catering waste. The aim of this new study was to clarify further, at a scale of 10 m3, the feasibility of using similar ash as an additive in composting.Source-separated catering waste was mixed with bulking agent (peat and wood chips) and fuel ash from a small (4 MW) district heating power plant. Three compost mixes (CM) were obtained: CM I with 0%, CM II with 10% and CM III with 20 wt.% of fuel ash. These three different mixes were composted in a 10-m3 drum composter as three parallel experiments for 2 weeks each, from January to April 20…
Removal of selected antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs during post‐treatment of municipal wastewater with UV, UV/chlorine and UV/hydrogen peroxide
2020
Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are only partially removed by convectional wastewater treatment plants. This study aimed at assessing the post‐treatment degradation of selected antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs by direct UV photolysis and advanced oxidation processes (UV/H2O2 and UV/Cl2) using low‐pressure mercury lamp. The rate of degradation largely followed pseudo first‐order reaction kinetics. Amongst the six studied APIs, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and zidovudine were readily degraded by more than 90% using direct UV photolysis. Addition of Cl2 and H2O2 to the UV process led to an increase in the rate of degradation for all the compounds. The effectiveness UV/Cl2 proce…
Bone marrow-derived progenitors are greatly reduced in patients with severe COPD and low-BMI.
2009
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have reduced circulating hemopoietic progenitors. We hypothesized that severity of COPD parallels the decrease in progenitors and that the reduction in body mass index (BMI) could be associated with more severe bone marrow dysfunction. We studied 39 patients with moderate to very severe COPD (18 with low-BMI and 21 with normal-BMI) and 12 controls. Disease severity was associated to a greater reduction in circulating progenitors. Proangiogenetic and inflammatory markers correlated with disease severity parameters. Compared to normal-BMI patients, low-BMI patients showed: greater reduction in circulating progenitors; higher VEGF-A, VEGF-C…