Search results for "Hydroxymethyl"

showing 10 items of 313 documents

Hyperbranched Polylactide Copolymers

2006

A series of hyperbranched poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) copolymers were prepared by copolymerization of dilactide with 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid (BHB) as an AB2 comonomer via a combined ring-open...

Condensation polymerPolymers and PlasticsComonomerOrganic ChemistryRing-opening polymerizationInorganic ChemistryButyric acidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryMelting pointCopolymerMoleculeOrganic chemistryHydroxymethylMacromolecules
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Lovastatin causes sensitization of HeLa cells to ionizing radiation‐induced apoptosis by the abrogation of G2 blockage

2003

To investigate the effect of inhibition of Ras/Rho-regulated signalling by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) on radiation-induced cell killing and apoptosis.Different human cell lines were pretreated or not with lovastatin before exposure to gamma-rays. Afterwards, radiation-induced cell killing, formation and repair of double-strand breaks, activation of radiation-inducible signal mechanisms (i.e. p53, p21, extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK), NF-kappaB), changes in cell cycle progression and apoptosis were analysed.As shown by a colony formation assay, lovastatin sensitized HeLa cells to gamma-radiation-induced cell killing. The lovastati…

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21G2 PhaseMAPK/ERK pathwayApoptosisBiologyHeLaCyclinspolycyclic compoundsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLovastatinSensitizationRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyKinaseNF-kappa Bnutritional and metabolic diseasesCell cyclebiology.organism_classificationCell biologyCell killingmedicine.anatomical_structureGamma RaysApoptosislipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)LovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesTumor Suppressor Protein p53DNA DamageHeLa Cellsmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Radiation Biology
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HPG-HMapper: A DNA hydroxymethylation analysis tool

2019

DNA methylation (mC) and hydroxymethylation (hmC) can significantly affect the normal human development, as well as health and disease status. hmC studies require not only specific treatment of DNA, but also software tools for their analysis. However, there are no software tools capable of analyzing DNA hmC currently. In this article, we propose HPG-HMapper, a parallel software tool for analyzing the DNA hmC data obtained by ten-eleven translocation–assisted bisulfite sequencing. This tool takes as input data the output files of mC aligner tools, and it yields mC maps and the accounting of methylated and hydroxymethylated bases on each chromosome. The design of this tool includes the consi…

DNA Hydroxymethylation0303 health sciencesDisease statusComputer scienceParallel pipelineComputational biologyTheoretical Computer Science03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinechemistryHardware and ArchitectureDNA methylationA-DNA030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwareDNA030304 developmental biologyThe International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
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Potential use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) as radioprotective agents

2011

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used in the therapy of hypercholesterolemia. Apart from their lipid-lowering activity, they have pleiotropic effects that are attributed to the inhibition of regulatory proteins, including Ras-homologous (Rho) GTPases. Here, we discuss the potential usefulness of statins to prevent normal tissue damage provoked by radiotherapy. Statins reduce the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines stimulated by ionizing radiation in vitro and alleviate IR-induced inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. The currently available data indicate that statins accelerate the rapid repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, moreover, mitigate the …

DNA RepairRadiotherapybiologyRadioprotective AgentDNA repairDNA damagemedicine.medical_treatmentnutritional and metabolic diseasesRadiation-Protective AgentsInflammationGeneral MedicinePharmacologyReductaseCytokineBiochemistryIn vivoHMG-CoA reductasebiology.proteinmedicineHumanslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsmedicine.symptomRadiation InjuriesDNA DamageBritish Medical Bulletin
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Lovastatin protects human endothelial cells from the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the anticancer drugs doxorubicin and etoposide

2006

Background and purpose: 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are frequently used lipid-lowering drugs. Moreover, they exert pleiotropic effects on cellular stress responses and death. Here, we analysed whether lovastatin affects the sensitivity of primary human endothelial cells (HUVEC) to the anticancer drug doxorubicin. Experimental approach: We investigated whether pretreatment of HUVEC with low dose of lovastatin influences the cellular sensitivity to doxorubicin. To this end, cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis as well as DNA damage-triggered stress response were analysed. Key results: Lovastatin reduced the cytotoxic potency of doxorub…

DNA ReplicationCell SurvivalDNA damageApoptosisBiologyPharmacologypolycyclic compoundsmedicineHumansTopoisomerase II InhibitorsDoxorubicinLovastatinEtoposideEtoposideFluorescent DyesPharmacologyAntibiotics AntineoplasticReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionTopoisomeraseCell CycleEndothelial Cellsnutritional and metabolic diseasesAntimutagenic AgentsFibroblastsCell cycleResearch PapersAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicDoxorubicinDrug Resistance NeoplasmHMG-CoA reductasebiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)LovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsTopoisomerase-II InhibitorReactive Oxygen SpeciesFluorescein-5-isothiocyanateDNA Damagemedicine.drugBritish Journal of Pharmacology
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Ultraviolet light-induced apoptotic death is impaired by the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin.

2003

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (i.e., statins) attenuate C-terminal isoprenylation of Rho GTPases, thereby inhibiting UV-C-induced activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinases/stress-activated protein kinases (JNKs/SAPKs). Inhibition of UV-C-triggered JNK/SAPK activation by lovastatin is due to inhibition of Rac-SEK1/MKK4-mediated phosphorylation of JNKs/SAPKs at Thr183/Tyr185. UV-C-stimulated phosphorylation of p38 kinase (Thr180/Tyr182) is also impaired by lovastatin. Cell killing provoked by UV-C irradiation was significantly inhibited by lovastatin. This was paralleled by a reduced frequency of chromosomal aberrations, accelerated recovery from UV-C-induced transient replication blockage, inhib…

DNA ReplicationUltraviolet Raysp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesBiophysicsApoptosisCHO CellsBiochemistryp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesCricetinaemedicineUltraviolet lightAnimalsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8LovastatinMolecular BiologyCaspasebiologyKinaseCell BiologyCell biologyrac GTP-Binding ProteinsEnzyme ActivationCell killingApoptosisCaspasesHMG-CoA reductasebiology.proteinLovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinasesmedicine.drugBiochemical and biophysical research communications
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Conversion of carbohydrates into 5-HMF in Deep Eutectic Solvents under mild reaction conditions

Deep eutectic solvents carbohydrate conversion 5-hydroxymethylfurfural biomass valorization environmental friendly processSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica
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Organometallic complexes with biological molecules. XI. Solid state and in vivo investigations of some diorganotin(IV)-chloramphenicol and cycloserin…

1998

Abstract Diorganotin(IV) derivatives of chloramphenicol, {=D-(-)threo-2,2-dichloro-N-[ β -hydroxy- α -(hydroxymethyl)- β -(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]acetamide (=Hchloramph)}, and D-cycloserine, {=(R)-4-amino-3-isoxazolidone [=Hcyclos]} have been prepared. The stoichiometries of the obtained compounds were R 2 SnClantib and R 2 Snantib 2 (antib −1 =chloramph −1 , R=methyl and phenyl; antib −1 =cyclos −1 , R=methyl). The solid state configuration of the complexes was investigated by I.R. and Mossbauer spectroscopy, from which structural hypotheses were inferred. In particular, the experimental data suggested monomer structures both for R 2 Sn(IV)Clchloramph and R 2 Sn(IV)chloramph 2 , in which chlo…

DenticityChemistryStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundTrigonal bipyramidal molecular geometryDeprotonationOctahedronMössbauer spectroscopyHydroxymethylTinAcetamide
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[The ketogenic diet: an underappreciated therapeutic option?].

2011

Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions in Western countries and is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite the constant recommendations of health care organizations regarding the importance of weight control, this goal often fails. Although there is a common agreement about the concept that exercise and diet are two key factors for the control of body weight, the ideal amount and type of exercise and also the ideal diet for weight control are still under debate. A widely accepted nutritional regime is the Mediterranean diet that has evident health benefits although less attention has been paid to see if the effects are due to other lifestyle factors which may contribute t…

Diet ReducingKetogenic diet dietary habits lifestyleKetone BodiesDiet MediterraneanDiet Carbohydrate-RestrictedAdipose TissueCardiovascular DiseasesRisk FactorsWeight LossDietary CarbohydratesHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl CoA ReductasesObesityDiet KetogenicEnergy Metabolism
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Enzymatic esterification of bicyclic meso-diols derived from 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan. An enantioselective Diels–Alder reaction equivalent

1998

Abstract meso -Diols derived from the Diels–Alder adduct 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan/dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate can be enantioselectively monoacetylated under CRL or PSL catalysis with very good yields and moderate to excellent ees. (+)-Monoacetates are always preferentially formed in the reactions catalyzed by CRL, and their (−)-enantiomers are the main products in the acetylations under PSL catalysis. Absolute configurations have been determined by X-ray analysis of a single crystal of an ( R )-α-methoxyphenylacetyl derivative.

Dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylateBicyclic moleculeChemistryOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisMedicinal chemistryCatalysisAdductInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundFuranHydroxymethylPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDerivative (chemistry)Diels–Alder reactionTetrahedron: Asymmetry
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