Search results for "Hyperintensity"

Spectrum of liver lesions hyperintense on hepatobiliary phase: an approach by clinical setting.

2021

AbstractHepatobiliary MRI contrast agents are increasingly being used for liver imaging. In clinical practice, most focal liver lesions do not uptake hepatobiliary contrast agents. Less commonly, hepatic lesions may show variable signal characteristics on hepatobiliary phase. This pictorial essay reviews a broad spectrum of benign and malignant focal hepatic observations that may show hyperintensity on hepatobiliary phase in various clinical settings. In non-cirrhotic patients, focal hepatic observations that show hyperintensity in the hepatobiliary phase are usually benign and typically include focal nodular hyperplasia. In patients with primary or secondary vascular disorders, focal nodul…

DEGENERATIVE CERVICAL MYELOPATHY: REVIEW OF SURGICAL OUTCOME PREDICTORS AND NEED FOR MULTIMODAL APPROACH

2020

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is the most common cause of spinal cord injury in the elderly population in the developed world, and it significantly affects the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. Surgery remains the only treatment option able to halt disease progression and provide neurological recovery for most patients. Although it has remained challenging to predict exactly who will experience improvement after surgery, increasingly it has been shown that clinical, imaging, and electrophysiological factors can predict, with relatively good capacity, those more likely to benefit. Clinically, the baseline neurological impairment appears to be strongly related to the outcom…

OC.03.2 THE PRESENCE OF WHITE MATTER LESIONS IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE HISTOLOGICAL SEVERITY OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

2016

Trigeminal Meningioma in a Patient with Tardive Dyskinesia as Only Symptom

2018

Most meningiomas are benign, encapsulated tumors (95% of the cases), generally undergoing a limited number of genetic aberrations. We present the case of a 74-year-old patient with no significant pathological history, who is admitted to the neurology ward for orofacial dyskinesias accompanied by hypoesthesia in the left hemiface, a symptomatology that had started insidiously about two months before and worsened progressively over the past 3 weeks. A cerebral MRI was performed which revealed a small mass with discrete T2 hyperintensity and T1 iso-signal compared to the gray matter located in the left pontine cistern, with a large, well-defined base at the level of the cerebral tentorium. The…

2015

Brain structural alterations and neuropsychiatric symptoms have been described repeatedly in Fabry disease, yet cognitive deficits have been shown to be only mild. Here, we aimed to investigate neuropsychiatric symptoms and brain structure longitudinally. We expected no clinically relevant increase of neuropsychiatric symptoms in parallel to increased brain structural alterations. We assessed 14 Fabry patients (46.1 ± 10.8 years) who had participated in our investigation eight years ago. Patients engaged in neuropsychiatric testing, as well as structural magnetic resonance imaging and angiography to determine white matter lesions, hippocampal volume, and the diameter of the larger intracran…

Endothelial function, adipokine serum levels and white matter hyperintesities in subjects with diabetic foot syndrome.

2019

Abstract Context No study has analyzed the prevalence of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in subjects with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) and their relationship to adipokine serum levels and indexes of endothelial and cognitive performance. Objective To evaluate omentin and vaspin serum levels and the prevalence of WMHs in subjects with DFS and to analyze their relationship with other endothelial, arterial stiffness, and cognitive functions. Design Case-control study enrolling 40 subjects with DFS, 40 diabetic subjects without foot complications, 40 controls with foot lesions without diabetes, and 40 patients without diabetes mellitus. Main Outcome Measures Pulse wave velocity (PWV), augm…

Focal liver lesions hyperintense on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images.

2009

This article reviews focal liver lesions hyperintense on T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images and describes the underlying etiologies associated with their T1 signal intensity. Although focal liver lesions are commonly detected because of their iso- or hypointensity on T1-weighted images, lesions (benign or malignant) may present with T1 hyperintensity when they contain T1 shortening elements--such as fat, hemorrhage, copper, melanin, and highly concentrated proteins. Our discussion includes the description of state-of-the-art T1-weighted MR sequences and the imaging features of lesions on pre- and postcontrast MR images that are characteristic for lesion composition and useful for ma…

Pathophysiologische Aspekte hirnstruktureller Veränderungen bei Morbus Fabry: Literaturübersicht

2006

Fabry Disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-GAL) enzyme activity. Neutral glycosphingolipides (esp. Gb3) accumulate in lysosomes of several tissues, particularly in vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells. Cerebral manifestations that might be mainly due to progressive cerebrovascular dysfunction, are one major and often life-threatening burden of the disease. We reviewed the present literature concerning brain structural alterations in FD and discuss the possibly relevant underlying pathophysiological aspects of these disturbances. Cerebrovascular events (TIA, stroke) occur in FD at a rather early age. In female…

Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Motor Mapping Usefulness in the Surgical Management of Patients Affected by Brain Tumors in Eloquent Area…

2021

Background: The surgical strategy for brain glioma has changed, shifting from tumor debulking to a more careful tumor dissection with the aim of a gross-total resection, extended beyond the contrast-enhancement MRI, including the hyperintensity on FLAIR MR images and defined as supratotal resection. It is possible to pursue this goal thanks to the refinement of several technological tools for pre and intraoperative planning including intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), cortico-subcortical mapping, functional MRI (fMRI), navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS), intraoperative CT or MRI (iCT, iMR), and intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound. This systematic re…

Vascular Risk Factors in Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes

2007

<i>Background and Aim:</i> To investigate the role of vascular risk factors in different subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a multicentric, clinic-based, cross-sectional study. <i>Methods:</i> Two-hundred and seven subjects with MCI were included in the study: 33 with single non-memory MCI (snmMCI), 42 with multiple-domain amnestic MCI (mdMCI-a) and 132 with amnestic MCI (aMCI). Several clinical vascular risk factors and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain lesions were evaluated. <i>Results:</i> snmMCI showed a higher frequency of ischaemic heart disease and of transient ischaemic attack (TIA)/stroke, a higher Hachinski ischaemic score and …