Search results for "IMPR"

Un phénomène naturel et extérieur à la chose vendue peut-il être constitutif d'un vice caché ?

2022

Analytical Methods for the Determination of Perfume-related Substances.

2014

Las fragancias son productos químicos que desprenden un olor agradable y que se utilizan en multitud de productos de consumo a los que confieren su característico aroma. Así, se pueden encontrar en productos cosméticos de todo tipo (tales como perfumes, champús, desodorantes o jabones) y también en productos para el hogar (como detergentes, ambientadores o velas). El uso de productos cosméticos se ha incrementado progresivamente con el paso del tiempo, considerándose un indicador del progreso y bienestar de un país. El reciente Reglamento Europeo sobre productos cosméticos armoniza íntegramente las normas comunitarias a fin de lograr la libre circulación de los productos y garantizar un ele…

Kurzweil-Henstock type integral in fourier analysis on compact zero-dimensional group

2009

Abstract A Kurzweil-Henstock type integral defined on a zero-dimensional compact abelian group is studied and used to obtain a generalization of some results related to the problem of recovering, by generalized Fourier formulae, the coefficients of convergent series with respect to the characters of such a group.

Evaluation of linkage of bipolar affective disorder to chromosome 18 in a sample of 57 German families.

1999

Previously reported linkage of bipolar affective disorder to DNA markers on chromosome 18 was reexamined in a large sample of German bipolar families. Twenty-three short tandem repeat markers were investigated in 57 families containing 103 individuals with bipolar I disorder (BPI), 26 with bipolar II disorder (BPII), nine with schizoaffective disorder of the bipolar type (SA/BP), and 38 individuals with recurrent unipolar depression (UPR). Evidence for linkage was tested with parametric and non-parametric methods under two definitions of the affected phenotype. Analysis of all 57 families revealed no robust evidence for linkage. Following previous reports we performed separate analyses afte…

2015

AbstractReprogramming of mouse somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) often generates partially reprogrammed iPSCs (pre-iPSCs), low-grade chimera forming iPSCs (lg-iPSCs) and fully reprogrammed, high-grade chimera production competent iPSCs (hg-iPSCs). Lg-iPSC transcriptome analysis revealed misregulated Dlk1-Dio3 cluster gene expression and subsequently the imprinting defect at the Dlk1-Dio3 locus. Here, we show that germ-cell marker Dppa3 is present only in lg-iPSCs and hg-iPSCs, and that induction with exogenous Dppa3 enhances reprogramming kinetics, generating all hg-iPSCs, similar to vitamin C (Vc). Conversely, Dppa3-null fibroblasts show reprogramming block at pre-i…

Chicken orthologues of mammalian imprinted genes are clustered on macrochromosomes and replicate asynchronously.

2005

In the chicken genome, most orthologues of mouse imprinted genes are clustered on macrochromosomes. Only a few orthologues are located in the microchromosome complement. Macrochromosomal and, to a lesser extent, microchromosomal regions containing imprinted gene orthologues exhibit asynchronous DNA replication. We conclude that highly conserved arrays of imprinted gene orthologues were selected during vertebrate evolution, long before these genes were recruited for parent-specific gene expression by genomic imprinting mechanisms. Evidently, the macrochromosome complement provides a better chromatin environment for the establishment of asynchronous DNA replication and imprinted gene expressi…

340 EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPMENTALLY IMPORTANT GENES IN BOVINE OOCYTES OF DIFFERENT ORIGINS

2010

A critical step in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is the IVM of oocytes. The quality of the oocyte is crucial for successful fertilization and subsequent embryo development. Studies in bovine ART, and epidemiological studies in children from ART, reveal a degree of abnormal development thought to be primarily caused by aberrant DNA methylation patterns in imprinted and non-imprinted genes. Due to the inherent similarities in bovine and human preimplantation embryonic development, bovine oocyte and embryo development is increasingly being used as a model for human development. The goal of this project is to investigate the effects of specific IVM conditions on the DNA methylation …

Conserved synteny of mammalian imprinted genes in chicken, frog, and fish genomes

2006

Conservation of synteny of mammalian imprinted genes between chicken and human suggested that highly conserved gene clusters were selected long before these genes were recruited for genomic imprinting in mammals. Here we have applied in silico mapping of orthologous genes in pipid frog, zebrafish, spotted green and Japanese pufferfish to show considerable conservation of synteny in lower vertebrates. More than 400 million years ago in a common ancestor of teleost fish and tetrapods, ‘preimprinted’ chromosome regions homologous to human 6q25, 7q21, 7q32, 11p15, and 15q11→q12 already contained most present-day mammalian imprinted genes. Interestingly, some imprinted gene orthologues which are…

Extreme Methylation Values of Imprinted Genes in Human Abortions and Stillbirths

2010

Imprinted genes play an important role in fetal and placental development. Using quantitative bisulfite pyrosequencing assays, we determined the DNA methylation levels at two paternally methylated (H19 and MEG3) and four maternally methylated (LIT1, NESP55, PEG3, and SNRPN) imprinted regions in fetal muscle samples from abortions and stillbirths. Two of 55 (4%) spontaneous abortions and 10 of 57 (18%) stillbirths displayed hypermethylation in multiple genes. Interestingly, none of 34 induced abortions had extreme methylation values in multiple genes. All but two abortions/stillbirths with multiple methylation abnormalities were male, indicating that the male embryo may be more susceptible t…

261 INFLUENCE OF IN VITRO MATURATION ON EPIGENETIC MARKS AND GENE EXPRESSION IN BOVINE OOCYTES

2011

In cattle, in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is an integral part of assisted reproduction technology. However, only 30% of in vitro matured bovine oocytes develop to the blastocyst stage after fertilization (compared with 60% for in vivo matured oocytes), indicating critical involvement of maturation conditions in the developmental competence of oocytes. Oocytes for IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in humans are typically allowed to mature in vivo after superovulation because IVM is not considered to be a safe medical procedure. Several studies have shown that assisted reproduction technology involving prolonged in vitro culture of human and ruminant embryos can be associated wi…