Search results for "INFECTIONS"

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and biochemical typing of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae.

2002

Aims: The aim of the present study was to characterize subspecifically Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae strains isolated from cultured Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax by means of phenotypic and molecular typing techniques (amplified fragment length polymorphism, AFLP). Methods and Results: Seventy-one strains of P. damselae subsp. damselae were isolated from 38 cultured fishes at different fish farms located on the Mediterranean coast near Valencia, Spain. Most fish studied were asymptomatic and some were recovered during infectious outbreaks. Phenotypic characterization revealed a considerable degree of variability within the subspecies, including some characters, such as pro…

Real-time PCR detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical and municipal wastewater and genotyping of the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates

2006

Real-time quantification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was performed in various wastewater systems including clinical, municipal wastewaters and inflow from a wastewater treatment plant. The highest concentrations of P. aeruginosa-specific targets were detected in clinical wastewaters. Limitations of the detection system resulting from inhibition or cross-reaction were identified. Ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa strains were isolated after specific enrichment from clinical and municipal wastewaters. In some cases they were also cultivated from effluent of a wastewater treatment plant, and from its downstream river water. A total of 119 isolates were phenotypically characterized as ciprofl…

Molecular typing of clinical Candida strains using random amplified polymorphic DNA and contour-clamped homogenous electric fields electrophoresis.

2009

Aims:  This report describes an investigation into the genetic profiles of 38 Candida albicans and 19 Candida glabrata strains collected from a dental hospital of Monastir (Tunisia) and the Laboratory of Parasitology, Farhat Hached Hospital of Sousse (Tunisia), using two typing methods: random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and contour-clamped homogenous electric fields (CHEF). Methods and Results:  The two methods (RAPD and CHEF electrophoresis) were able to identify clonal-related isolates from different patients. RAPD method using two primers (CA1 and CA2) exhibited the highest discriminatory power by discriminating 22 genotypes for C. albicans with CA1 oligonucleotides and 19 genotype…

Phylogeny and life cycle of the zoonotic pathogen Vibrio vulnificus

2020

Vibrio vulnificus is a zoonotic pathogen able to cause diseases in humans and fish that occasionally result in sepsis and death. Most reviews about this pathogen (including those related to its ecology) are clearly biased towards its role as a human pathogen, emphasizing its relationship with oysters as its main reservoir, the role of the known virulence factors as well as the clinic and the epidemiology of the human disease. This review tries to give to the reader a wider vision of the biology of this pathogen covering aspects related to its phylogeny and evolution and filling the gaps in our understanding of the general strategies that V. vulnificus uses to survive outside and inside its …

Predominance of the fimH30 Subclone Among Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Belonging to Sequence Type 131 in Italy

2013

Exploring diversity among Spanish strains of Erwinia amylovora and possible infection sources

2007

Aims:  We have examined the intraspecific diversity of a collection of 63 Spanish strains of Erwinia amylovora, isolated from 1995 to 2001, to determine whether or not they could be grouped based on phenotypic or genotypic criteria and to investigate the sources of inoculum for fire blight dissemination in Spain. Methods and Results:  Several biochemical and molecular techniques, such as miniaturized API 20E, API 50CH, ATB G-5 and API-ZYM tests, BIOLOG metabolic fingerprinting, PCR ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), minisatellite-primed PCR (MSP-PCR), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses and AFLP were used. We report the first identification in Spain of the PFG…

Recombination drives genome evolution in outbreak-related Legionella pneumophila isolates.

2014

Legionella pneumophila is a strictly environmental pathogen and the etiological agent of legionellosis. It is known that non-vertical processes have a major role in the short-term evolution of pathogens, but little is known about the relevance of these and other processes in environmental bacteria. We report the whole-genome sequencing of 69 L. pneumophila strains linked to recurrent outbreaks in a single location (Alcoy, Spain) over 11 years. We found some examples where the genome sequences of isolates of the same sequence type and outbreak did not cluster together and were more closely related to sequences from different outbreaks. Our analyses identify 16 recombination events responsibl…

Metabolic Networks of Sodalis glossinidius: A Systems Biology Approach to Reductive Evolution

2012

BackgroundGenome reduction is a common evolutionary process affecting bacterial lineages that establish symbiotic or pathogenic associations with eukaryotic hosts. Such associations yield highly reduced genomes with greatly streamlined metabolic abilities shaped by the type of ecological association with the host. Sodalis glossinidius, the secondary endosymbiont of tsetse flies, represents one of the few complete genomes available of a bacterium at the initial stages of this process. In the present study, genome reduction is studied from a systems biology perspective through the reconstruction and functional analysis of genome-scale metabolic networks of S. glossinidius.ResultsThe functiona…

Identification of sapovirus infection among Japanese infants in a day care center.

2005

A total of 921 fecal specimens collected from 44 infants in a day care center in Tokyo, Japan during June 1999 to July 2000 were tested for the presence of sapovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of 88 fecal specimens from infants with acute gastroenteritis, 2.3% (2) were found to be positive for sapovirus. Twenty-two of 833 (2.6%) fecal specimens collected from asymptomatic infants were also infected with this virus. Another interesting feature was the demonstration of high incidence of sapovirus infection (95.5%, 21 of 22) identified in a single day care center, which was not due to viral shedding after the latest acute gastroenteritis. Sapovirus was subject…

Homologous recombination as a mechanism of genetic changes in bovine parainfluenza-3 virus

2021

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (BPIV-3) is one of the main viruses associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) worldwide. BPIV-3 infect the bovine respiratory tract causing from subclinical infections to severe pneumonia with significant economic losses in the cattle industry. BPIV-3 is a RNA virus with high genetic variability, nevertheless, the contribution of recombination events to its variability has not been assessed so far. In this study the 25 complete genome sequences (CGS) reported so far and 215 partial sequences of different viral genes of BPIV-3 were analyzed to determine their genotypes and subgenotypes, distribution, and the existence of potential recombination ev…