Search results for "INFECTIONS"

showing 10 items of 2671 documents

Pairing success and sperm reserve of male Gammarus pulex infected by Cyathocephalus truncatus (Cestoda: Spathebothriidea).

2011

SUMMARYManipulative parasites with complex life cycles are known to induce behavioural and physiological changes in their intermediate hosts. Cyathocephalus truncatus is a manipulative parasite which infects Gammarus pulex as intermediate host. G. pulex males display pre-copulatory mate guarding as a response to male-male competition for access to receptive females. In this paper, we tested the influence that C. truncatus-infection might have on male G. pulex sperm number and pairing success. We considered 3 classes of G. pulex males in our experiments: (i) uninfected males found paired in the field, (ii) uninfected males found unpaired in the field, or (iii) infected males found unpaired i…

Male[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyCestodaZoologyBiologymale-male competitionHost-Parasite InteractionsSexual Behavior AnimalCrustacea[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisParasite hostingAnimalsMating[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyMicroscopySperm CountHost (biology)gammaridstapewormReproductionIntermediate hostbiology.organism_classificationmanipulative parasiteCestode InfectionsSpermSpermatozoaGammarus pulexInfectious DiseasesPulexCestodaAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyFemaleGenetic Fitnesspathogenic effectsParasitology
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Detection of Temporal Clusters of Healthcare-Associated Infections or Colonizations with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Two Hospitals: Comparison of SaTSc…

2014

International audience; The identification of temporal clusters of healthcare-associated colonizations or infections is a challenge in infection control. WHONET software is available to achieve these objectives using laboratory databases of hospitals but it has never been compared with SaTScan regarding its detection performance. This study provided the opportunity to evaluate the performance of WHONET software in comparison with SaTScan software as a reference to detect clusters of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A retrospective study was conducted in two French university hospitals. Cases of P. aeruginosa colonizations or infections occurring between 1st January 2005 and 30th April 2014 in the fi…

Male[SDE] Environmental Scienceslcsh:MedicineInfection controlmedicine.disease_causeDisease OutbreaksHospitals University0302 clinical medicineSoftware[ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyCluster AnalysisInfection controlSoftware toolsPoisson Distribution030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:ScienceCross InfectionMultidisciplinaryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)University hospital3. Good healthMonte Carlo method[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyWater pollutionPseudomonas aeruginosa[SDE]Environmental SciencesFemaleResearch ArticleHealthcare associated infectionsmedicine.medical_specialtyPermutation030231 tropical medicineMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesNosocomial infectionsmedicineHumansPseudomonas InfectionsIntensive care medicineUnit levelAgedRetrospective StudiesPseudomonas aeruginosabusiness.industrylcsh:RBacteriologyRetrospective cohort study[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologieEmergency medicinelcsh:Q[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologiebusinessSoftware
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High Dimensional Immune Profiling Reveals Different Response Patterns in Active and Latent Tuberculosis Following Stimulation With Mycobacterial Glyc…

2021

Upon infection withMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) the host immune response might clear the bacteria, control its growth leading to latent tuberculosis (LTB), or fail to control its growth resulting in active TB (ATB). There is however no clear understanding of the features underlying a more or less effective response. Mtb glycolipids are abundant in the bacterial cell envelope and modulate the immune response to Mtb, but the patterns of response to glycolipids are still underexplored. To identify the CD45+leukocyte activation landscape induced by Mtb glycolipids in peripheral blood of ATB and LTB, we performed a detailed assessment of the immune response of PBMCs to the Mtb glycolipids lip…

Maleactive tuberculosis (ATB)T-LymphocytesPhosphatidylinositolsCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineImmunology and AllergyMyeloid CellsProspective StudiesOriginal ResearchAged 80 and overB-Lymphocytes0303 health sciencesLatent tuberculosishyporesponsivenessMiddle Aged3. Good healthphosphatidylinositol mannoside (PIM)Killer Cells NaturalCytokineslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Femalelatent tuberculosis (LTB)AdultImmunologymycobacterial glycolipidschemical and pharmacologic phenomenaIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyTuberculinPeripheral blood mononuclear cellMicrobiologyProinflammatory cytokineMycobacterium tuberculosisYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesGlycolipidImmune systemLatent TuberculosismedicineHumansTuberculosisMass cytometryAged030304 developmental biologyAntigens BacterialLipoarabinomannanlipoarabinomannan (LAM)Mycobacterium tuberculosisRC581-607bacterial infections and mycosesmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationToll-Like Receptor 2Case-Control StudiesImmunologic diseases. AllergyGlycolipids030215 immunologyFrontiers in Immunology
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Effectiveness of dolutegravir-based regimens as either first-line or switch antiretroviral therapy: data from the Icona cohort

2019

Introduction: Concerns about dolutegravir (DTG) tolerability in the real-life setting have recently arisen. We aimed to estimate the risk of treatment discontinuation and virological failure of DTG-based regimens from a large cohort of HIV-infected individuals. Methods: We performed a multicentre, observational study including all antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve and virologically suppressed treatment-experienced (TE) patients from the Icona (Italian Cohort Naïve Antiretrovirals) cohort who started, for the first time, a DTG-based regimen from January 2015 to December 2017. We estimated the cumulative risk of DTG discontinuation regardless of the reason and for toxicity, and of virologica…

Maleadverse eventadverse events; antiretroviral therapy; cohort study; discontinuation; dolutegravir; toxicity; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Dideoxynucleosides; Female; HIV Infections; Heterocyclic Compounds 3-Ring; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Tenofovir; Treatment Outcomeadverse events; antiretroviral therapy; cohort study; discontinuation; dolutegravir; toxicity;HIV InfectionsPiperazinesCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineHeterocyclic CompoundsAbacavirRetrospective StudieMedicineHIV InfectionProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyResearch Articlesadverse events; antiretroviral therapy; cohort study; discontinuation; dolutegravir; toxicityHazard ratioMiddle AgedDideoxynucleosidedolutegravirTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityItalyCohortFemalePublic Health0305 other medical scienceHeterocyclic Compounds 3-RingResearch Articlemedicine.drugHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV AgentsPyridonesantiretroviral therapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE3-RingLower riskNO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineOxazinescohort studyHumansTenofovirRetrospective Studies030505 public healthbusiness.industryEnvironmental and Occupational HealthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAnti-HIV AgenttoxicityRetrospective cohort studyantiretroviral therapy; dolutegravir; cohort study; discontinuation; toxicity; adverse eventsDideoxynucleosidesadverse eventsDiscontinuationProspective Studieadverse events; antiretroviral therapy; cohort study; discontinuation; dolutegravir; toxicity; Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health; Infectious DiseasesCohort Studiebusinessdiscontinuation
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Global initiative for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (GLIMP): an international, observational cohort study

2016

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance is a major global health problem and pathogens such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become of particular concern in the management of lower respiratory tract infections. However, few data are available on the worldwide prevalence and risk factors for MRSA pneumonia. We aimed to determine the point prevalence of MRSA pneumonia and identify specific MRSA risk factors in community-dwelling patients hospitalised with pneumonia.METHODS: We did an international, multicentre study of community-dwelling, adult patients admitted to hospital with pneumonia who had microbiological tests taken within 24 h of presentation. We recruited investig…

Maleantibiotic resistancePrevalenceMRSAmedicine.disease_causepneumonia; antibiotic resistance; staphylococcus aureus; MRSAGlobal HealthCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineCommunity-acquired pneumoniaRisk FactorsRetrospective StudiePrevalenceCommunity-Acquired Infection030212 general & internal medicineeducation.field_of_studyCross InfectionRespiratory tract infectionsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureuStaphylococcal InfectionsHospitalsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsInfectious DiseasesInfectious diseasesFemaleHumanMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusstaphylococcus aureusmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationAdmissionstaphylococcus aureuSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio03 medical and health sciencesHospitalInternal medicinemedicineHumanspneumoniaRisk factoreducationIntensive care medicineStaphylococcal InfectionRetrospective StudiesAgedbusiness.industryRisk FactorOdds ratioPneumoniamedicine.diseaseMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusPneumonia030228 respiratory systemMethicillin ResistanceCohort Studiebusiness
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Prevalence of acquired resistance mutations in a large cohort of perinatally infected HIV-1 patients

2019

Maleantiretroviral treatmentInfectious Disease TransmissiongenotypeHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Drug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistancemedicine.disease_causeRetrospective StudieGenotypepol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency ViruPrevalenceMedicineVerticalHIV InfectionViralpol Gene ProductsYoung adultGeneral MedicineInfectious DiseasesItalyMutation (genetic algorithm)FemaleHuman Immunodeficiency VirusHumanMicrobiology (medical)AdultSettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveAdolescentAnti-HIV AgentsYoung AdultAcquired resistanceDrug Resistance ViralHumansvertical HIV transmissionAdolescent; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Drug Resistance Viral; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Mutation; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult; pol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Infectious Disease Transmission VerticalRetrospective StudiesHIV perinatally infectionbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentRetrospective cohort studyVirologyInfectious Disease Transmission VerticalLarge cohortpol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency VirusDrug resistanceMutationHIV-1Drug resistance; HIV-1; antiretroviral treatment; genotype; vertical HIV transmissionbusiness
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Utility of lateral flow tests in SARS-CoV-2 infection monitorization

2020

Introduction. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for medical and public health reasons, to allow the best treatment of cases and the best control of the pandemic. Serology testing allows for the detection of asymptomatic infections and 19-COVID cases once the virus has been cleared. We analyzed the usefulness of the SARS-CoV-2 rapid test of Autobio and tried to correlate its pattern with the severity of COVID19 infection. Material and methods. We analyzed the accuracy and clinical usefulness of a point-of-care IgM and/or IgG test for SARS-CoV-2 in 35 COVID-19 patients [12 (34.3%) mild-moderate and 23 (65.7%) severe-critical] admitted to a field hospital in Madrid, as well as i…

Malebandas débilmente positivas0301 basic medicineTime FactorsOriginalCross-sectional studyinfección por COVID-19weak positive bandsDiseaseAntibodies ViralSeverity of Illness IndexSerologyCOVID-19 Testing0302 clinical medicineSerologic rapid tests030212 general & internal medicineAsymptomatic InfectionsImmunoassaybiologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPoint-of-Care TestingFemaleSymptom Assessmentmedicine.symptomAntibodyCoronavirus InfectionsAdultMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyPoint-of-care testingPneumonia ViralSensitivity and SpecificityAsymptomaticVirusBetacoronavirus03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineSeverity of illnessmedicineHumanstest serológicos rápidosPandemicsAgedPharmacologyClinical Laboratory TechniquesSARS-CoV-2business.industryCOVID-19COVID-19 infectionCross-Sectional Studies030104 developmental biologyImmunoglobulin MAutobioImmunoglobulin Gbiology.proteinbusinessRevista Española de Quimioterapia
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Sirolimus exposure and the occurrence of cytomegalovirus DNAemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

2018

Sirolimus appears to protect against cytomegalovirus (CMV) in organ transplant recipients. The effect of this drug in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients remains unexplored. By means of multivariate continuous-time Markov model analyses, we identified 3 independent covariates that significantly impacted the risk of CMV DNAemia: recipient/donor CMV serostatus, tacrolimus exposure, and sirolimus exposure. CMV-seropositive recipients with CMV-seronegative donors had a significantly higher probability of having detectable CMV DNAemia. Increasing the tacrolimus trough concentration from 0 to 16 ng/mL increased the probability of patients having detectable CMV DNAemia by…

Malebasic (laboratory) research/science0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentCytomegalovirusHematopoietic stem cell transplantationGastroenterologyOrgan transplantation0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsImmunology and AllergyPharmacology (medical)Whole bloodIncidenceHematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantationvirus diseasesMiddle AgedPrognosissurgical procedures operativeCytomegalovirus Infectionscytomegalovirus (CMV) [infection and infectious agents-viral]Femaleantiviral [antibiotic]pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamicsImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyinfectious diseasesirolimus [immunosuppressant-mechanistic target of rapamycin]clinical research/practicetacrolimus [immunosuppressant-calcineurin inhibitor]03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansTransplantation HomologousTrough ConcentrationViremiabone marrow/hematopoietic stem cell transplantationAgedSirolimusTransplantationbusiness.industryTransplant RecipientsTacrolimus030104 developmental biologySpainRelative riskSirolimusDNA ViralpharmacologybusinessSerostatusFollow-Up Studies030215 immunology
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A new species of the genus Spiroxys (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) from Madagascan pleurodiran turtles (Pelomedusidae)

2008

AbstractSpiroxys ankarafantsika, sp. nov. is described from Madagascar in two species of freshwater turtles, Pelusios castanoides and Pelomedusa subrufa. Spiroxys ankarafantsika differs from other species of the genus in having pseudolabial teeth only on the median lobes and no other cuticular prominences, a smooth cuticular collar, deirides as cervical minute spine-like projections, and a gubernaculum without tubes. This is the first record of a nominal species of the genus Spiroxys from the Ethiopian region.

MalebiologyEcologyGnathostomatidaeZoologySpirurida InfectionsGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationPelomedusa subrufaTurtlesSpirurinaPelomedusidaeMadagascarAnimalsPelusios castanoidesFemaleAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyTaxonomy (biology)Intestinal Diseases ParasiticJournal of Helminthology
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Different epidemiology of bloodstream infections in COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 critically ill patients: a descriptive analysis of the Eurobact…

2022

Funder: European society of Intensive Care Medicine

Malebloodstream infections:Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/epidemiology [Other subheadings]Critical IllnessCOVID-19 (Malaltia) - EpidemiologiaRESISTANT ENTEROCOCCIBacteremiaBloodstream infectionCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine:Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Critical Illness [DISEASES]Cohort Studies:afecciones patológicas signos y síntomas::procesos patológicos::atributos de la enfermedad::enfermedad crítica [ENFERMEDADES]Sepsis:virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus [ENFERMEDADES]Medicine and Health SciencesHumansNCT03937245Unitats de cures intensivesAgedCross InfectionMalalties bacterianes:infecciones bacterianas y micosis::infección::infección hospitalaria [ENFERMEDADES]Research:Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/epidemiología [Otros calificadores]Bacteremia; Bloodstream infection; COVID-19; Enterococcus; ICU-acquiredCOVID-19:Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [DISEASES]:Bacterial Infections and Mycoses::Infection::Cross Infection [DISEASES]Intensive Care UnitsNCTICURNAICU-acquiredEnterococcus
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