Search results for "INHALATION"

showing 10 items of 326 documents

Senza titolo

2016

MaleImmunocompromised HostNoninvasive VentilationOxygen Inhalation TherapyFemaleRespiratory InsufficiencyHuman
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Release of copper-amended particles from micronized copper-pressure-treated wood during mechanical abrasion

2016

Background We investigated the particles released due to abrasion of wood surfaces pressure-treated with micronized copper azole (MCA) wood preservative and we gathered preliminary data on its in vitro cytotoxicity for lung cells. The data were compared with particles released after abrasion of untreated, water (0% MCA)-pressure-treated, chromated copper (CC)-pressure-treated wood, and varnished wood. Size, morphology, and composition of the released particles were analyzed. Results Our results indicate that the abrasion of MCA-pressure-treated wood does not cause an additional release of nanoparticles from the unreacted copper (Cu) carbonate nanoparticles from of the MCA formulation. Howev…

0301 basic medicinePreservativeCopper particlesAbrasion (mechanical)Cell SurvivalCytotoxicityIn vitro cytotoxicityBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementMedicine (miscellaneous)Pharmaceutical ScienceBioengineering010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMass SpectrometryCell LineExposure03 medical and health sciencesPressureHumansCytotoxicity0105 earth and related environmental sciencesChemistryResearchtechnology industry and agricultureWaterCytotoxicity; Copper particles; Debris; Exposure; Inhalation; Wood dustMechanical abrasionCopperWood030104 developmental biologyInhalationA549 CellsMolecular MedicineNanoparticlesComposition (visual arts)DebrisReactive Oxygen SpeciesCopperWood dustNuclear chemistry
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Deep inspiration-induced changes in lung volume decrease with severity of asthma

2007

Summary We have previously reported that the magnitude of deep inspiration (DI)-induced bronchodilation is only slightly reduced in mild asthmatics, compared to healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether increased severity of asthma is associated with impairment in the ability of DI to induce changes in lung volume. Thirty-six consecutive asthmatics recruited from the Pulmonary and the Allergy Outpatient Clinics of the Institute of Respiratory Diseases of the University of Palermo were divided into 3 groups: Intermittent (I), Mild Persistent (MP) and Moderate–Severe (MS), based on GINA guidelines. Single dose methacholine (Mch) bronchoprovocations were performed in the …

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAllergymedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentVital CapacityBronchiSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioGastroenterologySeverity of Illness IndexBronchial Provocation TestsDrug Administration ScheduleLung inflationBronchoconstrictor Agents03 medical and health sciencesFEV1/FVC ratio0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineForced Expiratory VolumemedicineOutpatient clinicCorticosteroidsHumansLung volumesAlbuterol030212 general & internal medicineasthma deep inspiration lung functionMethacholine ChlorideAsthmaAgedMethacholinebusiness.industryRespiratory diseaseMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAsthma3. Good healthBronchodilator Agents030228 respiratory systemInhalationAnesthesiaSalbutamolMethacholineBronchodilationFemalebusinessmedicine.drugRespiratory Medicine
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Budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and reliever therapy in the management of moderate to severe asthma.

2008

The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines aim at improving asthma control and preventing future risk. For patients with moderate to severe asthma an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or an ICS/long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) combination with a short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) as reliever is recommended. Despite the availability of effective maintenance therapies, a large proportion of patients still fail to achieve guideline-defined asthma control, and overuse of SABA reliever medication at the expense of ICS is commonly observed. New simplified treatment approaches may offer a solution and assist physicians to achieve overall asthma control. One such treatment approach, which is reco…

Budesonidemedicine.medical_specialtyExacerbationImmunologySeverity of Illness IndexPharmacotherapyimmune system diseasesFormoterol FumarateSeverity of illnessAdministration InhalationmedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansAnti-Asthmatic AgentsIntensive care medicineBudesonideAsthmaInhalationbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesBudesonide/formoterolEthanolaminesPhysical therapyDrug Therapy CombinationFormoterolbusinessmedicine.drugAllergy
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Toxicological investigations in a fatal and non-fatal accident due to hydrogen sulphide (H2S)poisoning

2019

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is one of the most toxic natural gas and represents a not rare cause of fatal events in workplaces. We report here a serious accidental poisoning by hydrogen sulphide inhalation involving six sailors. Three of them died while the other three survived and were transported to the emergency room. No greenish discolouration of the body, that could be a feature of these type of deaths, was observed at autopsy. Given that blood and/or urine H2S detection does not allow to discriminate if it is related to inhalation or to putrefactive processes, the determination of thiosulphate, H2S main metabolite, is decisive. The succession of fatal events reported here can be rebuilt b…

MaleTime FactorsPoison controlAutopsyFatal accidentBrain EdemaUrine01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineThiosulfateHydrogen sulphideMedicineHydrogen SulfideThiosulfateAir PollutantsOccupational accidentInhalationFatal poisoningMiddle AgedPulmonary edemaFatal poisoning; Hydrogen sulphide; Non-fatal poisoning; Occupational accident; Thiosulphate; Administration Inhalation; Adult; Air Pollutants; Brain Edema; Emphysema; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Hyperemia; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Military Personnel; Pulmonary Edema; Thiosulfates; Time Factors; Accidents OccupationalOccupationalMilitary PersonnelInhalationItalyAir PollutantAnesthesiaAdministrationNon-fatal poisoningHumanAdultTime FactorThiosulphateThiosulfatesHyperemiaPulmonary EdemaHydrogen sulphidePathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health sciencesAdministration InhalationHumansAccidents Occupational030216 legal & forensic medicineEmphysemabusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistrymedicine.disease0104 chemical scienceschemistryAccidentsbusinessLaw
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Pharmacological Management of Elderly Patients with Asthma–Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome: Room for Speculation?

2016

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two distinct diseases that share a condition of chronic inflammation of the airways and bronchial obstruction. In clinical settings, it is not rare to come across patients who present with clinical and functional features of both diseases, posing a diagnostic dilemma. The overlap condition has been termed asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), and mainly occurs in individuals with long-standing asthma, especially if they are also current or former smokers. Patients with ACOS have poorer health-related quality of life and a higher exacerbation rate than subjects with asthma or COPD alone. Whether ACOS is a distinct nosological entity …

medicine.medical_specialtyExacerbationPopulationSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePharmacotherapyAdrenal Cortex HormonesAdministration InhalationPrevalencemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineeducationAgedAsthmaCOPDeducation.field_of_studyLungbusiness.industryOverlap syndromemedicine.diseaseAsthmaBronchodilator Agentsrespiratory tract diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structure030228 respiratory systemQuality of LifePhysical therapyDrug Therapy CombinationSalmeterolGeriatrics and Gerontologybusinessmedicine.drugDrugs & Aging
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Residential Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Anthropometric Measures at Birth in a Multicenter Cohort in Spain

2011

Background: A growing body of research suggests that prenatal exposure to air pollution may be harmful to fetal development. We assessed the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in four areas within the Spanish Children’s Health and Environment (INMA) mother and child cohort study. Methods: Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene was estimated for the residence of each woman (n = 2,337) for each trimester and for the entire pregnancy. Outcomes included birth weight, length, and head circumference. The association between residential outdoor air pollution exposure and birth outcomes was assessed with linear regress…

Questionnaires:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure::Environmental Monitoring [Medical Subject Headings]Fetus -- CreixementPediatricsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisEspañaair pollution:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Cohort StudiesbenzenebirthRecién NacidoPregnancyResidence CharacteristicsSurveys and Questionnaires:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Air Pollutants [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure::Maternal Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]Birth WeightBody SizeMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyTamaño Corporal:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]Vehicle Emissions:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]Dióxido de NitrógenoPeso al NacerAir PollutantsInhalation ExposureanthropometryAdultoDistribución Espacial de la Población:Chemicals and Drugs::Complex Mixtures::Vehicle Emissions [Medical Subject Headings]Adulto JovenEstudios ProspectivosAire -- Contaminació -- Efectes fisiològics -- EpidemiologiaExposición MaternaHumanos:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure::Inhalation Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]Maternal ExposureFemeninaInfant Small for Gestational AgeCohort:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight::Infant Small for Gestational Age [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Nitrogen Compounds::Nitrogen Oxides [Medical Subject Headings]Emisiones de VehículosFemalepregnancyEnvironmental MonitoringCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialty:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Young Adult [Medical Subject Headings]nitrogen dioxideEmbarazoBirth weightMonitoreo del AmbienteExposición por Inhalación:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Young AdultRecién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad Gestacional:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]HumansPregnancybusiness.industryResearchBencenoInfant NewbornPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthbirth weightAnthropometrymedicine.disease:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Measurements::Demography::Residence Characteristics [Medical Subject Headings]Confidence interval:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Cyclic::Hydrocarbons Aromatic::Benzene [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings]:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Spain:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Contaminantes del AireSmall for gestational ageEstudios de CohortesbusinessDemographyEnvironmental Health Perspectives
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High flow nasal therapy in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2019

Abstract Purpose The role of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) as compared to conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in immunocompromised patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory failure (ARF) remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to address this issue. Methods We searched PubMed, Medline and Embase until November 7th, 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized prospective and retrospective evidence were selected. Observational studies were considered for sensitivity analysis. Primary outcome was mortality rate; intubation rate was a secondary outcome. Results We included four studies in the primary analysis: one RCT…

medicine.medical_specialtyCritical CareAcute respiratory failure High flow nasal cannula High flow nasal therapy Immunocompromised patients Mechanical ventilation Noninvasive ventilation Oxygen therapy Cannula Humans Immunocompromised Host Intubation Intratracheal Noninvasive Ventilation Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Respiratory Distress Syndrome Adult Critical Caremedicine.medical_treatmentAcute respiratory failureCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionImmunocompromised Host03 medical and health sciencesMechanical ventilation0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineOxygen therapyIntubation IntratrachealImmunocompromised patientmedicineCannulaHumansIntubationHigh flow nasal therapyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRespiratory Distress Syndromebusiness.industryMortality rateOxygen Inhalation Therapy030208 emergency & critical care medicineRetrospective cohort studyOdds ratioOxygen therapyIntensive care unitHigh flow nasal cannula030228 respiratory systemMeta-analysisbusinessNoninvasive ventilation
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Lung deposition of extrafine inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-containing fixed combinations drug in COPD patients using Functional Respiratory Imaging (F…

2018

Introduction: FRI is a novel computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based technique using formulation profile and patients lung CT scan to simulate aerosol deposition. Aims and objectives: To evaluate lung deposition of pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) extrafine beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate/glycopyrronium (BDP/FF/G Trimbow®) with pMDI extrafine BDP/FF (Foster®) pMDI and compared them with reference gamma scintigraphy data. Methods: FRI was used to assess, in silico, the deposition of pMDI combination products (BDP/FF/G and BDP/FF) in 20 moderate to severe COPD patients. FRI combined high-resolution lung CT scans of each patient with in silico computational flow simulati…

DrugInhalationLung depositionmedicine.diagnostic_testmedicine.drug_classCopd patientsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectBeclometasone dipropionaterespiratory systemScintigraphy030226 pharmacology & pharmacyMetered-dose inhaler03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030228 respiratory systemmedicineCorticosteroidNuclear medicinebusinessmedia_commonmedicine.drugAirway pharmacology and treatment
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Effects of long-acting bronchodilators in COPD patients according to COPD severity and ICS use

2013

SummaryBackgroundIndacaterol is a once-daily, long-acting β2-agonist bronchodilator that improves dyspnoea and health status in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. While its bronchodilator effects have been shown to be maintained in different patient subgroups, effects on clinical outcomes in certain subgroups are not yet defined.MethodsPost-hoc analysis of pooled clinical study data to investigate efficacy and safety of indacaterol compared with placebo and other long-acting bronchodilators (formoterol, salmeterol, open-label tiotropium) in patient subgroups defined by COPD severity (GOLD stage II or III; n = 4082) and ICS use at baseline (no/yes; n = 4088). Efficacy outcomes were troug…

MaleCopd patientsVital CapacityQuinolonesSeverity of Illness IndexPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveForced Expiratory VolumeFormoterol FumarateBronchodilatorFormoterolSalmeterolSalmeterol XinafoateRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicIndacaterolCOPDMiddle AgedBronchodilator AgentsTreatment OutcomeEthanolaminesAnesthesiaIndansDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleSalmeterolmedicine.drugAdultPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classScopolamine DerivativesPlaceboDrug Administration ScheduleInternal medicineAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansCOPDAlbuterolTiotropium BromideAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsGlucocorticoidsAgedbusiness.industryTiotropiummedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesDyspneaLong actingIndacaterolFormoterolbusinessRespiratory Medicine
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