Search results for "INSECT"
showing 10 items of 2033 documents
Chemical analysis of the sex pheromone glands of Thaumetopoca bonjeani (Powel) (Lep. Thaumetopoeidae)
1990
International audience
Modelling codling moth damage as a function of adult monitoring and crop protection: A survival generalized linear mixed model approach with time var…
2008
; The codling moth (Cydia pomonella) is responsible for most insecticide treatments in pear and apple orchards. In a context of reduction in pesticide use, we aim at better understanding factors that affect codling moth damage intensity. We modelled the link between the proportion of damaged fruits and both constant covariables (type of orchard: pear or apple, organic or not, with or without mating disruption) and time-varying covariables (weekly counts of adults and number of insecticide treatments). Observations were collected in 40 orchards in south-eastern France. We found that damage intensity increased with the number of adults trapped. An analysis of the random orchard effect indica…
Approche fonctionnelle de la diversité des communautés d’insectes pollinisateurs en milieu agricole
2013
Rapport de stage de Master 1 EcolDur; Les pratiques agriculturales intensives ont conduit à un fort déclin des insectes pollinisateurs en Europe par l’utilisation abusive de pesticides, la fragmentation et la destruction des habitats naturels. Parallèlement, l’effondrement de la diversité des adventices (mauvaises herbes des cultures) observé, se traduit pour les pollinisateurs par une forte diminution de la diversité des ressources florales comme le pollen et le nectar. Le but de cette étude est d’étudier les relations existant entre la diversité fonctionnelle des pollinisateurs et celle des communautés végétales pollinisées en milieu agricole. Cette approche fonctionnelle peut permettre d…
Diversité des communautés d’insectes pollinisateurs en conditions de ressources limitées
2013
Rapport de stage de Master 1 Biologie des Organismes et des Populations (BOP) EcolDur; L’agriculture intensive s’est avérée néfaste aussi bien pour les communautés de pollinisateurs que pour les communautés adventices (mauvaises herbes des cultures), pour lesquelles un fort déclin est à présent observé. Or ces adventices constituent des ressources florales fondamentales pour l’alimentation et la survie des pollinisateurs. Cette étude a pour but d’étudier les relations existant entre la diversité spécifique des pollinisateurs et celle des communautés végétales pollinisées en milieu agricole afin de comprendre et mesurer l’impact de la perte de ces ressources pour les pollinisateurs. Des asse…
Impact of a new bio-pesticide produced by Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 on the genetic structure and density of soil bacterial communities
2007
The effect of paenimyxin, a new biopesticide produced by Paenibacillus sp. strain B2, on the density of soil bacterial communities was assessed by colony counting and by 16S rDNA and nirK quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Paenimyxin had a negative effect on the bacterial colony-forming unit (CFU) number, which was significantly reduced 2 and 4 days after treatment. The effect of paenimyxin on cultivatable bacteria was negligible 7 days after treatment. Approximately 107 16S rDNA sequences per gram of soil (dry weight) were detected by quantitative PCR in all samples. Paenimyxin did not affect the quantification of 16S rDNA or of the denitrifying bacterial community. In addition,…
"Une façon de grand insecte noire" : le télégraphe aérien ou les paradoxes du progrès (1830-1848)
2010
International audience
Multifunctional areas as a tool to enhance biodiversity and promote conservation in alfalfa fields.
2021
The present study analyses the effects of multifunctional areas (MA) for three years (2013–2015) on an intensive multi-crop farm in Portugal. The implementation of MA resulted in a wide range of enhancements in the insect community, such as significant effects as a reservoir, allowing an increase of 102.47% in the number of species and 97.64% of individuals. MA play an important role in conservation strategies and help increase the population of rare and threatened arthropod species.
All-day activity of Dolichovespula saxonica (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) colonies in Central Finland
2022
In social vespid wasps, colony activity varies at many temporal scales. We studied the peak season activity (number of individuals entering the nest per min) of colonies of the social vespine wasp Dolichovespula saxonica in its native range in boreal Finland. Six colonies were monitored non-stop for a full day, starting before sunrise and ending after sunset. Shorter monitoring was carried out before and/or after the full-day monitoring. All colonies were active before sunrise and after sunset, and the overall activity was positively linked with colony size. Activity showed irregular minute-to-minute cycles in all colonies. The broader within-day dynamics were idiosyncratic among the coloni…
Cytoplasmic Parvovirus Capsids Recruit Importin Beta for Nuclear Delivery
2019
Parvoviruses are an important platform for gene and cancer therapy. Their cell entry and the following steps, including nuclear import, are inefficient, limiting their use in therapeutic applications. Two models exist on parvoviral nuclear entry: the classical import of the viral capsid using nuclear transport receptors of the importin (karyopherin) family or the direct attachment of the capsid to the nuclear pore complex leading to the local disintegration of the nuclear envelope. Here, by laser scanning confocal microscopy and in situ proximity ligation analyses combined with coimmunoprecipitation, we show that infection requires importin β-mediated access to the nuclear pore complex and …
Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Avocado Trees (Cvs. Fuerte, Hass, Lamb Hass) in Western Crete, a Cool Subtropical Region
2022
The market for avocado is one of the fastest expanding worldwide, inclduing the Mediterranean basin. Organic farming systems cannot make use of synthetic fertilizers and therefore rely on several cultural techniques to maintain vigorous young trees and for quick shoot development, satisfactory yield, and fruit quality. We studied the effect of three different organic products (Terra Insecta® (Aeiphoria-Sustainable products of Crete, Chania, Greece), Fruit-Fix®, and AMINO-16® (both products manufactured by EVYP, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece) on avocado plants in the cool subtropical area of southern Greece. Three experiments were carried out, two of them on young avocado trees, a…