Search results for "INSPIRE"

showing 10 items of 52 documents

Closed-Loop Automatic Oxygen Control (CLAC) in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In preterm infants receiving supplemental oxygen, routine manual control (RMC) of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) is often difficult and time consuming. We developed a system for closed-loop automatic control (CLAC) of the FIO2 and demonstrated its short-term safety and efficacy in a single-center study. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that this system is more effective than RMC alone in maintaining arterial oxygen saturation within target levels when evaluated over 24 hours under routine conditions and with different target levels. METHODS: We performed a multicenter, randomized controlled, crossover clinical trial in 34 preterm infa…

Malemedicine.medical_treatmentlaw.inventionRandomized controlled triallawOxygen therapyFraction of inspired oxygenHumansMedicineSingle-Blind MethodContinuous positive airway pressureHyperoxiaMechanical ventilationContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryInfant NewbornRespiration ArtificialOxygenOxygen Saturation MeasurementAnesthesiaPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthBreathingFemalemedicine.symptombusinessInfant PrematurePediatrics
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Engineering the crack path in lattice cellular materials through bio-inspired micro-structural alterations

2019

Abstract A computational study on the fracture behaviour of bio-inspired finite-size lattice configurations is performed in this work. The study draws inspiration from recent investigations aimed at increasing the fracture energy of some materials through small modifications of their microstructure. The main question here is whether it is possible, to some extent, to engineer the crack path in metallic cellular materials through such small micro-structural modifications and how to quantify the effect of alternative strategies. Nature provides several examples of strategies used to delay or arrest damage and crack propagation. One striking example is given by the micro-architecture of severa…

Materials scienceFracture mechanicCellular architectureMechanical EngineeringFinite element analysisBioengineeringFracture mechanicsMetallic lattice02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructure01 natural sciencesFinite element method0104 chemical sciencesMicroarchitectureMechanics of MaterialsLattice (order)Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)Figure of meritWood microstructure0210 nano-technologyBiological systemBio-inspired materialEngineering (miscellaneous)Extreme Mechanics Letters
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New Mussel Inspired Polydopamine-Like Silica-Based Material for Dye Adsorption

2020

A straightforward and economic procedure has been developed for the synthesis of a new polydopamine-like silica-based material that has been obtained by oxidation of catechol with KIO4 followed by reaction with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. All techniques adopted for characterization showed that the obtained material is rich in different functional groups and the morphological analyses revealed dimensions in the nanometric range. The hybrid material has been characterized by several techniques showing its polydopamine-like nature, and preliminary observations for dye adsorption have been reported.

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical Engineeringdye adsorptionMussel inspiredsilica nanoparticlesSilica nanoparticleslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundGeneral Materials ScienceRange (particle radiation)CatecholDye adsorptionbioinspired materialsCommunicationDye adsorptionBioinspired materialsSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicacatechol; silica nanoparticles; bioinspired materials; dye adsorptioncatecholSilica nanoparticlesCharacterization (materials science)Chemical engineeringchemistrylcsh:QD1-999CatecholHybrid materialNanomaterials
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Layered Double Hydroxides in Bioinspired Nanotechnology

2020

Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) are a relevant class of inorganic lamellar nanomaterials that have attracted significant interest in life science-related applications, due to their highly controllable synthesis and high biocompatibility. Under a general point of view, this class of materials might have played an important role for the origin of life on planet Earth, given their ability to adsorb and concentrate life-relevant molecules in sea environments. It has been speculated that the organic–mineral interactions could have permitted to organize the adsorbed molecules, leading to an increase in their local concentration and finally to the emergence of life. Inspired by nature, material s…

Materials sciencebioanalysisGeneral Chemical Engineeringbioinspired devicesNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesorigin of lifeInorganic Chemistrylcsh:QD901-999General Materials ScienceSettore FIS/03Layered double hydroxideslayer double hydroxideDNA021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsbiosensorsBioanalysis Bioinspired devices Biosensors DNA Layer double hydroxide Origin of life Synthetic biology0104 chemical sciencesengineeringsynthetic biologylcsh:Crystallography0210 nano-technologyCrystals
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The development of nature-inspired gripping system of a flat CFRP strip for stress-ribbon structural layout

2021

Abstract The elegant stress-ribbon systems are efficient in pedestrian bridges and long-span roofs. Numerous studies defined corrosion of the steel ribbons as the main drawback of these structures. Unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a promising alternative to steel because of lightweight, high strength, and excellent corrosion and fatigue resistance. However, the application of CFRP materials faced severe problems due to the construction of the anchorage joints, which must resist tremendous axial forces acting in the stress-ribbons. Conventional techniques, suitable for the typical design of the strips made from anisotropic material such as steel, are not useful for СF…

Materials sciencebusiness.industry0211 other engineering and technologiesComputational Mechanics02 engineering and technologyStructural engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignHuman-Computer InteractionStress (mechanics)Computational MathematicsModeling and Simulation021105 building & constructionRibbonDevelopment (differential geometry)Nature inspired0210 nano-technologybusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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A survey on handling computationally expensive multiobjective optimization problems using surrogates: non-nature inspired methods

2015

Computationally expensive multiobjective optimization problems arise, e.g. in many engineering applications, where several conflicting objectives are to be optimized simultaneously while satisfying constraints. In many cases, the lack of explicit mathematical formulas of the objectives and constraints may necessitate conducting computationally expensive and time-consuming experiments and/or simulations. As another challenge, these problems may have either convex or nonconvex or even disconnected Pareto frontier consisting of Pareto optimal solutions. Because of the existence of many such solutions, typically, a decision maker is required to select the most preferred one. In order to deal wi…

Mathematical optimizationEngineeringControl and Optimizationbusiness.industryPareto principlePareto frontierDecision makerSampling techniqueComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignMulti-objective optimizationComputer Science ApplicationsMultiobjective optimization problemPareto optimalConflicting objectivesBlack-box functionControl and Systems EngineeringMulticriteria Decision Making (MCDM)Computational costNature inspiredMetamodeling techniquebusinessEngineering design processSoftwareStructural and Multidisciplinary Optimization
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DOTASQ as a prototype of nature-inspired G-quadruplex ligand

2011

DOTASQ (for DOTA-templated Synthetic G-quartet) is the first prototype of nature-inspired G-quadruplex ligand: its design, founded on a possible intramolecular G-quartet formation, enables it to interact with G-quadruplex DNA via an unprecedented nature-mimicking binding mode, based on the association between two G-quartets, one being native (quadruplex) and the other one artificial (ligand).

Models MolecularGuanineMacrocyclic CompoundsStereochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsLigands010402 general chemistryG-quadruplex01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryHumans[CHIM]Chemical SciencesNature inspiredTerbiumComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSBinding SitesFourier Analysis010405 organic chemistryMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryLigand (biochemistry)0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsG-QuadruplexeschemistryMolecular ProbesIntramolecular forceCeramics and CompositesNucleic Acid ConformationHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsDNA
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A Multi-touch Interface for Multi-robot Path Planning and Control

2014

In the last few years, research in human-robot interaction has moved beyond the issues concerning the design of the interaction between a person and a single robot. Today many researchers have shifted their focus toward the problem of how humans can control a multi-robot team. The rising of multi-touch devices provides a new range of opportunities in this sense. Our research seeks to discover new insights and guidelines for the design of multi-touch interfaces for the control of biologically inspired multi-robot teams. We have developed an iPad touch interface that lets users exert partial control over a set of autonomous robots. The interface also serves as an experimental platform to stud…

Multi-agent path planningSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazioni0209 industrial biotechnologyEngineeringFocus (computing)Settore INF/01 - InformaticaMulti touch interfacebusiness.industryInterface (computing)Biologically inspired motion05 social sciencesControl (management)02 engineering and technologyRobot path planningMotion (physics)020901 industrial engineering & automationHuman–computer interactionRobotMulti-touch interface0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesHuman-robot interactionbusinessSet (psychology)050107 human factors
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Dexamethasone treatment for the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial

2020

Background There is no proven specific pharmacological treatment for patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The efficacy of corticosteroids in ARDS remains controversial. We aimed to assess the effects of dexamethasone in ARDS, which might change pulmonary and systemic inflammation and result in a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in a network of 17 intensive care units (ICUs) in teaching hospitals across Spain in patients with established moderate-to-severe ARDS (defined by a ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen of 200 mm Hg or less assesse…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMaleARDSmedicine.medical_treatmentSeverity of Illness IndexDexamethasonelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawFraction of inspired oxygenIntensive careSeverity of illnessmedicineData monitoring committeeHumans030212 general & internal medicineGlucocorticoidsDexamethasoneAgedMechanical ventilationRespiratory Distress Syndromebusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialIntensive Care UnitsTreatment Outcome030228 respiratory systemAnesthesiaAdministration IntravenousFemalebusinessmedicine.drug
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Personalised mechanical ventilation tailored to lung morphology versus low positive end-expiratory pressure for patients with acute respiratory distr…

2019

The effect of personalised mechanical ventilation on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains uncertain and needs to be evaluated. We aimed to test whether a mechanical ventilation strategy that was personalised to individual patients' lung morphology would improve the survival of patients with ARDS when compared with standard of care.We designed a multicentre, single-blind, stratified, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial enrolling patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS in 20 university or non-university intensive care units in France. Patients older than 18 years with early ARDS for less than 12 h were randomly assigned (1:1) to either th…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyARDSmedicine.medical_treatment[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]law.inventionPositive-Pressure Respiration03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineFraction of inspired oxygenIntensive caremedicineProne PositionTidal VolumeHumansSingle-Blind Method030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesPrecision MedicineLungPositive end-expiratory pressureTidal volumeComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSProportional Hazards ModelsMechanical ventilationRespiratory Distress Syndromebusiness.industryHazard ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRespiration Artificial3. Good health[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]Intensive Care UnitsEditorial CommentaryTreatment Outcome030228 respiratory systemFemaleFrancebusiness
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