Search results for "INTERVENTION"
showing 10 items of 3041 documents
Sexism and Aggression in Adolescence.¿How Do They Relate to Perceived Academic Achievement?
2018
Sexist attitudes are rooted in patriarchal structures, which uphold traditional gender stereotypes, and which are still found in society today. Scholars have found gender differences in perceived academic achievement, with girls performing better than boys, and negative relationships between sexism and perceived academic achievement. Moreover, perceived academic achievement and sexist attitudes have been associated with aggression and different kinds of violence. This study examined the associations between sexist attitudes and perceived academic achievement (using self-report data). The study also assessed the mediating role of physical and verbal aggression in the relationship between sex…
Binge eating and obesity
2018
Despite there being several pathways leading to obesity [1], there is evidence that binge eating may be an important contributor to its development [2]. Excessive food consumption without compensation increases the risk for the development of obesity, which in turn is associated with numerous complications [3]. Obesity has been found to develop several years after the onset of binge eating, and individuals who were overweight prior to the onset of binge eating tend to gain even more weight during adulthood [4]. Binge eating is defined as eating a larger amount of food than normal during a short period of time (within any 2‐hour period) and, during this time, experiencing a loss of control o…
Me, Myself, and My Thoughts: The Influence of Brooding and Reflective Rumination on Depressive Symptoms in Athletes in the United Kingdom
2020
Individual differences in vulnerability to depression are still underexplored in athletes. We tested the influence of different brooding and reflective rumination profiles (i.e., repetitive thought processes in response to low/depressed mood) on the odds of experiencing clinically relevant depressive symptoms in competitive athletes (N = 286). The Patient Health Questionnaire–9 and the Ruminative Responses Scale–short form were utilized to measure depression and rumination, respectively. Compared to athletes with a low brooding/reflection profile, athletes with a high brooding/reflection profile had significantly higher odds of experiencing clinical levels of depressive symptoms (OR = 13.40…
Longitudinal trajectories of emotions among athletes in sports competitions: Does emotional intelligence matter?
2021
Abstract Objectives This research explored whether several subgroups of athletes representing distinct emotional trajectories could be shown to exist within the latent class growth analysis (LCGA) of pleasant and unpleasant sport emotions (anger, anxiety, dejection, excitement, happiness). A secondary aim was to explore whether athletes belonging to distinct emotional trajectories reported distinct scores of trait-emotional intelligence (EI) at time 1 (T1). Design A longitudinal three-wave measurement design (beginning, middle, and end of a competitive season) was used in the present study. Method A sample of 460 athletes completed the sport emotion questionnaire across three measurement ti…
Effect of short-term guided aerobic exercise and diet intervention on overweight women
2010
Abstract Effect of Short-Term Guided Aerobic Exercise and Diet Intervention on Overweight Women Kauko, Kirsi LLTS007 Master’s Thesis of Sport Medicine University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Spring 2010, 68 pages, 6 appendices Overweight or obese persons have substantially increased risk for multiple chronic disorders, for example type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity or exercise has an important role in the prevention and treatment of obesity related illnesses, for example T2D, CVD and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The main goal of this Master’s thesis is to study the possible …
Bipolar disorder: An evolutionary psychoneuroimmunological approach
2021
Abstract Bipolar disorder is a mental health disorder characterized by extreme shifts in mood, high suicide rate, sleep problems, and dysfunction of psychological traits like self-esteem (feeling inferior when depressed and superior when manic). Bipolar disorder is rare among populations that have not adopted contemporary Western lifestyles, which supports the hypothesis that bipolar disorder results from a mismatch between Homo sapiens’s evolutionary and current environments. Recent studies have connected bipolar disorder with low-grade inflammation, the malfunctioning of the internal clock, and the resulting sleep disturbances. Stress is often a triggering factor for mania and sleep probl…
AI-enabled adaptive learning systems: A systematic mapping of the literature
2021
Abstract Mobile internet, cloud computing, big data technologies, and significant breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have all transformed education. In recent years, there has been an emergence of more advanced AI-enabled learning systems, which are gaining traction due to their ability to deliver learning content and adapt to the individual needs of students. Yet, even though these contemporary learning systems are useful educational platforms that meet students’ needs, there is still a low number of implemented systems designed to address the concerns and problems faced by many students. Based on this perspective, a systematic mapping of the literature on AI-enabled adaptive le…
Policy and Governance for Sustainable Consumption at the Crossroads of Theories and Concepts
2016
This introductory article of the special issue compares different conceptual underpinnings of efforts to make the everyday activities of consumers more sustainable. As social practice theory (SPT) is the main theoretical foundation of the articles collected here, we outline its strengths and limitations, when compared with the dominant individual-oriented behaviour change approach, and we focus on theories of planned behaviour, social marketing as well as ‘choice architecture’, based on behavioural economics. This article analyses SPT's usefulness, particularly from the applied point of view for policy-makers and social change programme designers. In the final section we provide some recomm…
Instruction of Digital Reading Strategies Based on Eye-Movements Modeling Examples
2018
During the last decade, several studies have proposed and tested different instructional methods for teaching digital reading strategies to young students. In this study, we have tested the effectiveness of a program combining eye-movements modeling examples (EMMEs) and contrasting cases to instruct ninth-grade students how to plan, evaluate, and monitor their digital reading. EMMEs are videos that display a dot representing the eye movements of a model and an oral transcription of her thoughts while answering a specific question in a hypertext. Students in the EMME condition obtain higher comprehension scores in a posttest performed 1 week after the instruction, as compared with a control…
5PSQ-106 Analysis of the medication incident reports at the university children’s hospital
2018
Background Currently no national reporting system is in place in the country that would collect reports on patient safety incidents (PSI). Such a system was introduced in the Children’s Hospital in 2013. ‘Reporting’ has very negative, meaning in society in general, because of the country’s political past. Purpose To analyse trends in reporting of PSI focusing on medication incidents reports (MIRs). Material and methods A retrospective analysis from 1 January to 31 December 2016. Patient safety team members automatically receive alerts to emails when MIRs are submitted to the hospital intranet and have access to these MIRs and patients’ medical records if more detailed information is needed.…