Search results for "IPA"

showing 10 items of 5795 documents

Modular Control of Pointing beyond Arm's Length

2009

Hand reaching and bipedal equilibrium are two important functions of the human motor behavior. However, how the brain plans goal-oriented actions combining target reaching with equilibrium regulation is not yet clearly understood. An important question is whether postural control and reaching are integrated in one single module or controlled separately. Here, we show that postural control and reaching motor commands are processed by means of a modular and flexible organization. Principal component and correlation analyses between pairs of angles were used to extract global and local coupling during a whole-body pointing beyond arm's length. A low-dimensional organization of the redundant ki…

AdultMaleKinematic chainKnee JointComputer scienceMovementPostureStatistics as TopicDisplacement (vector)Task (project management)FingersMotionYoung AdultControl theoryHumansPostural BalanceAnalysis of VariancePrincipal Component Analysisbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceArticlesModular designTrunkBiomechanical PhenomenaCoupling (computer programming)Space PerceptionPath (graph theory)ArmTrajectorybusinessPsychomotor PerformanceThe Journal of Neuroscience
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Effects of levodopa oral bolus on the kinematics of the pointing movements in Parkinson's disease patients.

2005

We studied the time-course of a levodopa oral bolus effects on the kinematics of patients affected by a mild akinetic-rigid form of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Eleven PD patients were evaluated: a) in OFF-state, that is before their first medication or after its withdrawal, b) in ON-state, that is at 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 24, 30 and 48 hours after the administration of 250 mg of levodopa plus 25mg of carbidopa. The main kinematics (i. e.movement time, peak of velocity, peak of acceleration and peak of deceleration) of pointing movements to six target-stimuli placed on the horizontal plane of a table were recorded. Clinical conditions were assessed according to the Motor Examinatio…

AdultMaleLevodopamedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsNeurologyParkinson's diseaseAdministration Oralparkinson's diesease clinical neurophysiology kinematicsKinematicsClinical neurophysiologyAntiparkinson AgentsLevodopaCentral nervous system diseaseBolus (medicine)Internal medicinemedicineHumansAgedbusiness.industryParkinson DiseaseMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseBiomechanical PhenomenaSurgeryNeurologyCarbidopaCardiologyFemaleSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNeurology (clinical)businessPsychomotor Performancemedicine.drug
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Metabolite profiling of fecal water extracts from human colorectal cancer.

2009

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in developed countries. There is a need for better preventive strategies to improve the outcome of this disease. The increasing availability of high-throughput methodologies opens up new possibilities for screening new markers. The application of NMR metabolic profiling to fecal water extracts has interesting potential as a diagnostic tool for detecting colorectal cancer. We obtained NMR metabolic profiles of fecal water extracts from patients with colorectal cancer and healthy individuals, to characterize possible differences between them and to identify potential diagnostic markers. Our results show that metabolic profiling of …

AdultMaleMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyColorectal cancerButyrateDiseaseBiologyComplex MixturesBioinformaticsFecesMetabolomicsmedicineHumansMetabolomicsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSpectroscopyAgedPrincipal Component AnalysisCase-control studyWaterMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMucusFecal waterMetabolite profilingCase-Control StudiesCancer researchMolecular MedicineFemaleColorectal NeoplasmsNMR in biomedicine
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Changes in power curve shapes as an indicator of fatigue during dynamic contractions.

2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze exercise-induced leg fatigue during a dynamic fatiguing task by examining the shapes of power vs. time curves through the combined use of several statistical methods: B-spline smoothing, functional principal components and (supervised and unsupervised) classification. In addition, granulometric size distributions were also computed to allow for comparison of curves coming from different subjects. Twelve physically active men participated in one acute heavy-resistance exercise protocol which consisted of five sets of 10 repetition maximum leg press with 120 s of rest between sets. To obtain a smooth and accurate representation of the data, a basis of …

AdultMaleMultivariate statisticsBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsKinematicsPower lawModels BiologicalStatisticsHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineComputer SimulationMuscle SkeletalMathematicsLegbusiness.industryRehabilitationFunctional data analysisContrast (statistics)Pattern recognitionPrincipal component analysisMuscle FatiguePhysical EnduranceArtificial intelligencebusinessSmoothingCurse of dimensionalityMuscle ContractionJournal of biomechanics
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From "Non-encounters" to autonomic agency. Conceptions of patients with low back pain about their encounters in the health care system.

2018

Low back pain is a considerable health problem which affects people around the world, causing major healthcare costs. The use of qualitative research methods enables us to describe and understand patients' experience of, and attitudes to, healthcare. The aim of the present phenomenographic study was to identify and describe the contextual nature of the conceptions of patients with low back pain of their encounters in the HCS. Seventeen patients with chronic or episodic low back pain classified as "high risk" were interviewed in open recall interviews, using videos of patients' initial physiotherapy sessions that had been recorded previously. The data were analysed using the phenomenographic…

AdultMaleNursing (miscellaneous)Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationpotilaat03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineRheumatologyNursingpatient experiencesAgency (sociology)Health careMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports Medicine030212 general & internal medicineta315AgedRecallcommunicationbusiness.industryRehabilitationkiputa3141Middle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health CareLow back painSelf EfficacyVariety (cybernetics)Active participationAlliancekokemuksetselkäFemaleChiropracticsmedicine.symptombusinessLow Back Pain030217 neurology & neurosurgeryQualitative researchMusculoskeletal care
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Cerebral activation in patients with somatoform pain disorder exposed to pain and stress: an fMRI study.

2006

Patients with somatoform pain disorders are supposed to suffer from an early acquired defect in stress regulation. In order to look for common alterations of the pain- and stress-responsive cortical areas, we prospectively recorded cerebral activations induced by pin-prick pain, by cognitive stress and emotional stress using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a group of 17 patients and an age-matched control group. In addition, the hippocampal volumes of both groups were measured. Patients showed increased activations of the known pain-processing areas (thalamus, basal ganglia, operculo-insular cortex), but also of some prefrontal, temporal and parietal regions during first pai…

AdultMalePain ThresholdCognitive NeuroscienceThalamusAction PotentialsPainHippocampal formationSomatosensory systemSuperior temporal gyrusStress PhysiologicalEvoked Potentials SomatosensoryBasal gangliaThreshold of painmedicineHumansSomatoform DisordersBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testBrainMiddle AgedAnticipationMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeurologyFemaleFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychologyNeuroscienceNeuroImage
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MR imaging of pancreatic changes in patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major.

1999

The aim of this study was to evaluate MR imaging changes of the pancreas in patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major.Twenty patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major were examined using MR imaging at 0.5 T, with spin-echo T1-weighted, fast spin-echo T2-weighted, and gradient-echo T2*-weighted sequences. Image analysis was performed to assess pancreas-to-fat signal intensity ratios for all pulse sequences. Pancreatic exocrine and endocrine function and serum ferritin levels were assessed. Twenty healthy volunteers underwent MR imaging with the same three sequences and served as a control group.The pancreas-to-fat signal intensity ratio was significantly dec…

AdultMalePancreatic diseaseAdolescentFecesmedicineChymotrypsinHumansEndocrine systemBlood TransfusionTrypsinRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPancreasPancreatic Elastasemedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industryPulse (signal processing)beta-ThalassemiaCase-control studyMagnetic resonance imagingLipaseGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingFerritinPancreatic Function TestsHemoglobinopathymedicine.anatomical_structureAmylasesFerritinsbiology.proteinFemalebusinessNuclear medicinePancreas
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Parental Physical Activity Associates With Offspring's Physical Activity Until Middle Age: A 30-Year Study.

2017

Background:Parents’ physical activity associates with their children’s physical activity. Prospective designs assessing this association are rare. This study examined how parents’ physical activity was associated with their children’s physical activity from childhood to middle adulthood in a 30-year prospective, population-based setting.Methods:Participants (n = 3596) were from the ongoing Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study started in 1980. Participants’ physical activity was self-reported at 8 phases from 1980 to 2011, and their parents’ physical activity at 1980. Analyses were adjusted for a set of health-related covariates assessed from 1980 to 2007.Results:High levels of mothers’ …

AdultMaleParentsAdolescent515 PsychologyOffspringPARTICIPATIONPopulationCHILDHOODPhysical activityADULTHOOD030204 cardiovascular system & hematologycommunity-based researchDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesSocial support0302 clinical medicinehealth behaviorchildrenRisk FactorsADOLESCENTSHumansLIFE EXPECTANCYOrthopedics and Sports MedicineMeasurement invariance030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal StudiesProspective StudieseducationChildExerciseeducation.field_of_studyMiddle AgedSport psychologyMiddle agesport psychologyMEASUREMENT INVARIANCEYOUNG FINNSLife expectancyFemaleHEALTHSOCIAL SUPPORTPsychologyBEHAVIORDemographyJournal of physical activityhealth
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Sensory processing in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relationship with non-verbal IQ, autism severity and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Di…

2015

Abstract The main objective of this study was to analyze in a sample of children with ASD the relationship between sensory processing, social participation and praxis impairments and some of the child's characteristics, such as non-verbal IQ, severity of ASD symptoms and the number of ADHD symptoms (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity), both in the home and main-classroom environments. Participants were the parents and teachers of 41 children with ASD from 5 to 8 years old ( M  = 6.09). They completed the Sensory Processing Measure (SPM) to evaluate sensory processing, social participation and praxis; the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS-2) to evaluate autism severity; and a set of i…

AdultMaleParentsSensory processingAutism Spectrum Disordermedicine.medical_treatmentContext (language use)EnvironmentImpulsivitySeverity of Illness Indexbehavioral disciplines and activitiesDevelopmental psychologyPerceptual DisordersCognitionRaven's Progressive MatricesRating scaleSurveys and Questionnairesmental disordersDevelopmental and Educational PsychologymedicineHumansAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderChildIntelligence TestsfungiMiddle AgedSocial Participationmedicine.diseaseFacultyClinical PsychologyAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutism spectrum disorderChild PreschoolAutismFemalePerceptionmedicine.symptomPsychologyResearch in Developmental Disabilities
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A comparative study of sensory processing in children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder in the home and classroom environments.

2015

Sensory processing and higher integrative functions impairments are highly prevalent in children with ASD. Context should be considered in analyzing the sensory profile and higher integrative functions. The main objective of this study is to compare sensory processing, social participation and praxis in a group of 79 children (65 males and 14 females) from 5 to 8 years of age (M=6.09) divided into two groups: ASD Group (n=41) and Comparison Group (n=38). The Sensory Processing Measure (SPM) was used to evaluate the sensory profile of the children: parents reported information about their children's characteristics in the home environment, and teachers reported information about the same cha…

AdultMaleParentsSensory processingmedicine.medical_treatmentContext (language use)Sensory profileEnvironmentSocial Environmentbehavioral disciplines and activitiesDevelopmental psychologyPerceptual DisordersStimulus modalitySurveys and Questionnairesmental disordersDevelopmental and Educational PsychologymedicineHumansChildSchoolsSocial environmentMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSocial engagementSocial ParticipationFacultyClinical PsychologyAutism spectrum disorderChild Development Disorders PervasiveCase-Control StudiesChild PreschoolFemalePerceptual DisordersPsychologyResearch in developmental disabilities
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