Search results for "IPM"

showing 10 items of 1361 documents

Timing performance of the silicon PET insert probe

2010

Simulation indicates that PET image could be improved by upgrading a conventional ring with a probe placed close to the imaged object. In this paper, timing issues related to a PET probe using high-resistivity silicon as a detector material are addressed. The final probe will consist of several (four to eight) 1-mm thick layers of silicon detectors, segmented into 1 x 1 mm(2) pads, each pad equivalent to an independent p + nn+ diode. A proper matching of events in silicon with events of the external ring can be achieved with a good timing resolution. To estimate the timing performance, measurements were performed on a simplified model probe, consisting of a single 1-mm thick detector with 2…

SiliconMaterials scienceSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsTransducerschemistry.chemical_elementIntegrated circuitScintillatorTracking (particle physics)Sensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciencesLyso-030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDiodeRadiationCt Spect/Ct Pet/CtRadiological and Ultrasound Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignGeneral MedicineImage EnhancementEquipment Failure AnalysisTransducerchemistryPositron-Emission TomographybusinessRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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The Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector for ATHENA: the progress towards the final pixel design

2014

“The Hot and Energetic Universe” is the scientific theme approved by the ESA SPC for a Large mission to be flown in the next ESA slot (2028th) timeframe. ATHENA is a space mission proposal tailored on this scientific theme. It will be the first X-ray mission able to perform the so-called “Integral field spectroscopy”, by coupling a high-resolution spectrometer, the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU), to a high performance optics so providing detailed images of its field of view (5’ in diameter) with an angular resolution of 5” and fine energy-spectra (2.5eV@E<7keV). The X-IFU is a kilo-pixel array based on TES (Transition Edge Sensor) microcalorimeters providing high resolution spectroscopy …

SimulationsSiliconWarm–hot intergalactic mediumField of viewOrbital mechanicsOpticsField spectroscopyGalactic astronomyX-raysElectronicAngular resolutionOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAnticoincidenceImage resolutionSpectroscopyPhysicsSpatial resolutionEquipment and servicesSpectrometerSpectrometersbusiness.industrySensorsApplied MathematicsDetectorComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsATHENAAnticoincidence; ATHENA; Cryogenic detectors; TES; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringCryogenic detectorsTransition edge sensorbusinessTES
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Differentiating Multiple Sclerosis From AQP4-Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and MOG-Antibody Disease With Imaging.

2023

Background and ObjectivesRelapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), aquaporin-4 antibody–positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) may have overlapping clinical features. There is an unmet need for imaging markers that differentiate between them when serologic testing is unavailable or ambiguous. We assessed whether imaging characteristics typical of MS discriminate RRMS from AQP4-NMOSD and MOGAD, alone and in combination.MethodsAdult, nonacute patients with RRMS, APQ4-NMOSD, and MOGAD and healthy controls were prospectively recruited at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (L…

Sistema nerviós central - MalaltiesMalalties autoimmunitàries:aminoácidos péptidos y proteínas::proteínas::glicoproteínas::glicoproteínas de membranas::butirofilinas::glicoproteína mielínica del oligodendrocito [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS]:Nervous System Diseases::Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System::Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases CNS::Myelitis Transverse::Neuromyelitis Optica [DISEASES]:enfermedades del sistema nervioso::enfermedades autoinmunitarias del sistema nervioso::enfermedades autoinmunes desmielinizantes del SNC::mielitis transversa::neuromielitis óptica [ENFERMEDADES]:Nervous System Diseases::Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System::Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases CNS::Multiple Sclerosis [DISEASES]Esclerosi múltiple:Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Glycoproteins::Membrane Glycoproteins::Butyrophilins::Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS]:Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Tomography::Magnetic Resonance Imaging [ANALYTICAL DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT]:enfermedades del sistema nervioso::enfermedades autoinmunitarias del sistema nervioso::enfermedades autoinmunes desmielinizantes del SNC::esclerosis múltiple [ENFERMEDADES]Imatgeria per ressonància magnèticaNA:diagnóstico::técnicas y procedimientos diagnósticos::diagnóstico por imagen::tomografía::imagen por resonancia magnética [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS]Neurology (clinical)Neurology
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Dosimetry comparison between TG-43 and Monte Carlo calculations using the Freiburg flap for skin high-dose-rate brachytherapy

2012

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether the delivered dose to the skin surface and at the prescription depth when using a Freiburg flap applicator is in agreement with the one predicted by the treatment planning system (TPS) using the TG-43 dose-calculation formalism. Methods and Materials Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and radiochromic film measurements have been performed to obtain dose distributions with the source located at the center of one of the spheres and between two spheres. Primary and scatter dose contributions were evaluated to understand the role played by the scatter component. A standard treatment plan was generated using MC- and TG-43-based TPS appl…

Skin Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodSensitivity and SpecificitySkin surfacemedicineHumansDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiochromic filmRadiation treatment planningSkinbusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedReproducibility of ResultsRadiotherapy DosageEquipment DesignHigh-Dose Rate BrachytherapyComputational physicsEquipment Failure AnalysisOncologySPHERESNuclear medicinebusinessMonte Carlo MethodSoftwareBrachytherapy
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EmoTIC: Impact of a game-based social-emotional programme on adolescents

2021

[EN] Introduction Technologies provide a brilliant opportunity to promote social-emotional competences, well-being and adjustment in adolescence. Game-based programmes and serious games are digital tools that pursue an educational goal in an attractive environment for adolescents. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the effectiveness of emoTIC, a game-based social-emotional programme designed according to Mayer, Caruso, and Salovey's model of emotional intelligence. Materials and methods The participants were 119 adolescents between 11 and 15 years, randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The adolescents completed questionnaires to assess their em…

Social CognitionMaleApplied psychologyEmotionsIntelligenceSocial SciencesInnovación educacionalAnxietyAdolescentsFamiliesLearning and MemorySurveys and QuestionnairesSocial emotional learningMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyChildChildrenEmotional IntelligenceMultidisciplinary05 social sciencesQR050301 educationMétodo de aprendizajeMedicineEngineering and TechnologyGame basedFemalePsychology050104 developmental & child psychologyResearch ArticleSocial PsychologyAdolescentScienceMEDLINEPsychological StressEquipmentHuman LearningMental Health and PsychiatryLearningHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesCommunication EquipmentBehaviorEnseñanza secundariaCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesSelf ConceptProsocial BehaviorGames ExperimentalVideo GamesAge GroupsPeople and PlacesCognitive SciencePopulation GroupingsCell Phones0503 educationLENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOSNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Novel approach to study the perception of animacy in dogs.

2017

Humans tend to perceive inanimate objects as animate based on simple motion cues. So far this perceptual bias has been studied mostly in humans by utilizing two-dimensional video and interactive displays. Considering its importance for survival, the perception of animacy is probably also widespread among animals, however two-dimensional displays are not necessarily the best approach to study the phenomenon in non-human species. Here we applied a novel method to study whether dogs recognize a dependent (chasing-like) movement pattern performed by inanimate agents in live demonstration. We found that dogs showed more interest toward the agents that demonstrated the chasing-like motion, compar…

Social CognitionVisionlcsh:MedicineSocial SciencesInteractive displaysMotion (physics)0302 clinical medicinePsychologySense of Agencylcsh:Sciencemedia_commonMammalsMultidisciplinaryBehavior AnimalAnimal BehaviorPhysics05 social sciencesClassical MechanicsCamerasMotion cuesMovement patternOptical EquipmentVertebratesPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologySensory PerceptionAnimacyPsychologyCognitive psychologyResearch ArticleSocial Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectEquipment050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesMotionDogsPerceptionAnimals0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAnimal behaviorBehaviorlcsh:ROrganismsCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesAmniotesCognitive Sciencelcsh:QPerceptionZoology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePloS one
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Combustion behavior of kraft black liquor droplets from hot water pretreated hardwood and softwood chips

2016

This paper describes the combustion behavior of birch and spruce kraft black liquors obtained from an integrated forest biorefinery concept in which a hot water extraction of chips was performed before pulping. This pretreatment, aiming mainly at the recovery of various hemicellulose-derived materials, increased the concentrations of lignin and hydroxy acids in black liquors, compared with those in the reference black liquors without any process modification. On the other hand, the pretreatment decreased the concentrations of volatile acids and other organics (extractives and hemicellulose residues). Because of these characteristic changes, the total burning times (pyrolysis time plus char …

SoftwoodWaste managementChemistry020209 energyMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemical Engineeringfood and beveragesmustalipeä02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistryequipment and suppliesCombustionPulp and paper industrybiojalostamotkraft process0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringMedia TechnologyHardwoodburning timeGeneral Materials ScienceBlack liquorKraft papercombustionNovember 2016
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Itch in the era of COVID‐19 pandemic: An unfolding scenario

2020

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an infectious disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐CoV‐2, that broke out in December 2019. In just 4 months it has spread to almost every country in the world and up to April 18, 2020, the virus has infected more than two million people. Itch is the most common symptom in dermatology and a frequent one of systemic diseases. The association of itch and viral diseases has been widely documented; however, the actual prevalence of itch in the patients suffering from new the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is still unknown. In this paper, we present a review of the available literature on the topic of itch in the affected population. Mo…

Special Issue Articlesmedicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)PopulationDermatologyViral infectionVirus030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCOVID‐19PandemicHumansMedicineskin and connective tissue diseaseseducationPersonal Protective Equipmenteducation.field_of_studySARS-CoV-2business.industryPruritusCOVID-19Special Issue ArticleGeneral MedicineDermatologyInfectious disease (medical specialty)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPsychosocial stressbusinessStress PsychologicalDermatologic Therapy
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Effect of a common exercise programme with an individualised progression criterion based on the measurement of neuromuscular capacity versus current …

2021

IntroductionHigh-load resistance training has shown positive effects in pain and function in lower limb tendinopathies. However, some authors suggest that current exercise programmes produce an increase in tolerance to load and exercise in general but without fixing some existing issues in tendinopathy. This may indicate the need to include training aspects not currently taken into account in the current programmes. The main objective of this study will be to compare the effect of a common exercise protocol for the three predominant lower limb tendinopathies (Achilles, patellar and gluteal), based on an individualised control of the dose and training of specific aspects of the neuromuscular…

Sports medicinehipFerides i lesions Tractamentknee:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Quality of lifeInformed consent:Anatomy::Body Regions::Extremities::Lower Extremity [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Musculoskeletal System::Tendons::Achilles Tendon [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Rehabilitation::Exercise Therapy [Medical Subject Headings]1506Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Evaluation Studies as Topic::Clinical Trials as Topic::Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic::Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic [Medical Subject Headings]foot & ankleMedicina física y rehabilitaciónRrehabilitation medicineGeneral MedicineExercise TherapyTreatment OutcomeLower Extremity:Anthropology Education Sociology and Social Phenomena::Social Sciences::Quality of Life [Medical Subject Headings]MedicineRodillamedicine.medical_specialtyBest practiceCaderaRehabilitation MedicineIntervention (counseling)medicineHumans1727:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis::Treatment Outcome [Medical Subject Headings]Protocol (science)sports medicineFootbusiness.industryPieMedicina deportivamedicine.diseaseClinical trialTendinopathy:Diseases::Musculoskeletal Diseases::Muscular Diseases::Tendinopathy [Medical Subject Headings]Physical therapyQuality of LifeTobilloAnkleTendinopathyTendinitisbusiness
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Magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory for high density and fast data storage

2012

The racetrack memory device is a new concept of Magnetic RAM (MRAM) based on controlling domain wall (DW) motion in ferromagnetic nanowires. It promises ultra-high storage density thanks to the possibility to store multiple narrow DWS per memory cell. By using read and write heads based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) fast data access speed can also be achieved. Thereby the racetrack memory can be used as universal storage to address both embedded and standalone applications. In this paper, we present the device physics, integration circuit and architecture designs of a racetrack memory based on MTJs with PMA. Mixed SPICE simulations at 65 nm …

Standalone applicationsMagnetic domainComputer scienceSpiceArchitecture designsMRAM devicesMemory cellElectronic engineeringRacetrack memoryPerpendicular magnetic anisotropyMagnetic domainsMagnetoresistive random-access memoryHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESIntegration circuitsNanowiresbusiness.industryMagnetic devicesElectrical engineeringNon-volatile memory technologyDomain wall motionTunnel magnetoresistanceData storage equipmentComputer data storageFerromagnetic nanowireNode (circuits)Magnetic tunnel junctionbusinessRandom access storage
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