Search results for "IPR"

showing 10 items of 1515 documents

Why aren't warning signals everywhere? : On the prevalence of aposematism and mimicry in communities

2021

Warning signals are a striking example of natural selection present in almost every ecological community - from Nordic meadows to tropical rainforests, defended prey species and their mimics ward off potential predators before they attack. Yet despite the wide distribution of warning signals, they are relatively scarce as a proportion of the total prey available, and more so in some biomes than others. Classically, warning signals are thought to be governed by positive density-dependent selection, i.e. they succeed better when they are more common. Therefore, after surmounting this initial barrier to their evolution, it is puzzling that they remain uncommon on the scale of the community. He…

0106 biological sciencesvaroitusväri570predator-prey interactionsFREQUENCY-DEPENDENT SELECTIONFrequency-dependent selectionPopulationBatesian mimicryAposematismMacroevolutionModels Biological010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesRISK-TAKINGGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMüllerian mimicryPredationANTIPREDATOR DEFENSES03 medical and health sciencesPrevalenceAnimalsaposematismecological nicheeducationMullerian mimicryBODY-SIZE030304 developmental biology0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMüllerian mimicryEcologyBiological Mimicrymimikrypredator–prey interactionseliöyhteisötBiological EvolutionBatesian mimicrysaalistusekologinen lokeroCORAL-SNAKE PATTERNCHEMICAL DEFENSEGeographyCOLOR PATTERNPredatory Behavior1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyMimicrySHIFTING BALANCEGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciencescommunity ecology
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Loading and release of the complex [Pt(DTBTA)(DMSO)Cl]Cl·CHCl3 with the 2,2′-dithiobis(benzothiazole) ligand into mesoporous silica and studies of an…

2018

Abstract Synthetic delivery systems have great potential for overcoming problems associated with systemic toxicity that accompanies chemotherapy with the use of cisplatin and family of platinum anticancer drugs. Mesoporous silicates have been studied in context of drug delivery and drug targeting. In this paper we report the studies of loading and release of a platinum complex, [Pt(DTBTA)(DMSO)Cl]Cl∙CHCl3 (1) where DTBTA = 2,2′-dithiobis(benzothiazole), that was recently synthesized and structurally characterized. Evaluation in vitro of antitumor activity against a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) showed a very potent activity of complex(1). Therefore, we thought to incorporate this co…

02 engineering and technologyMesoporous silica010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesControlled release0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryAntiproliferative activityControlled releaseLoadingMCM41Platinum(II) complexchemistry.chemical_compoundTargeted drug deliveryBenzothiazolechemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaDrug deliveryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyCytotoxicityMesoporous materialConjugateNuclear chemistrySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Online Scheduling of Task Graphs on Hybrid Platforms

2018

Modern computing platforms commonly include accelerators. We target the problem of scheduling applications modeled as task graphs on hybrid platforms made of two types of resources, such as CPUs and GPUs. We consider that task graphs are uncovered dynamically, and that the scheduler has information only on the available tasks, i.e., tasks whose predecessors have all been completed. Each task can be processed by either a CPU or a GPU, and the corresponding processing times are known. Our study extends a previous \(4\sqrt{m/k}\)-competitive online algorithm [2], where m is the number of CPUs and k the number of GPUs (\(m\ge k\)). We prove that no online algorithm can have a competitive ratio …

020203 distributed computingCompetitive analysisonline algorithmsComputer scienceHeuristicSchedulingSymmetric multiprocessor system02 engineering and technologyParallel computingUpper and lower boundsheterogeneous computingGraph020202 computer hardware & architectureScheduling (computing)task graphs0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOnline algorithm[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed Parallel and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]
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Investigation of Isoindolo[2,1-a] quinoxaline-6-imines as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors with Molecular Modeling Methods

2017

Background: Isoindolo[2,1-alpha] quinoxalines constitute an important class of compounds which demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity against different human tumor cell lines and topoisomerase I inhibitors. In particular, their water soluble imine or iminium salts recently synthesized showed potent growth inhibitory effect on NCI-60 tumor cell line panel and biological studies performed on the most active compounds demonstrated that they cause DNA damage via topoisomerase I poisoning. Objective: Herein, we investigate with molecular modeling methods, the common features responsible for topoisomerase I inhibition of the water-soluble isoindolo[2,1-alpha] quinoxalin-6-imines, by compa…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsMolecular modelStereochemistryDNA damageAntineoplastic AgentsIsoindolesTopoisomerase-I InhibitorCrystallography X-RayaromatechinStructure-Activity Relationship03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundQuinoxalinetopotecanantiproliferativeCell Line TumorNeoplasmsQuinoxalinesquinoxalineDrug DiscoveryHumansCell Proliferationbiologypharmacophore modelTopoisomeraseIminiumGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaMolecular Docking SimulationTopoisomerase IindenoisoquinolineDNA Topoisomerases Type IchemistryDocking (molecular)dockingbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineTopoisomerase I; quinoxaline; antiproliferative; topotecan; aromatechin; indenoisoquinoline; docking; pharmacophore modelIminesTopoisomerase I InhibitorsPharmacophore
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An overview on the recent developments of 1,2,4-triazine derivatives as anticancer compounds

2017

The synthesis, the antitumor activity, the SAR and, whenever described, the possible mode of action of 1,2,4-triazine derivatives, their N-oxides, N,. N'-dioxides as well as the benzo- and hetero-fused systems are reported. Herein are treated derivatives disclosed to literature from the beginning of this century up to 2016. Among the three possible triazine isomers, 1,2,4-triazines are the most studied ones and many derivatives having remarkable antitumor activity have been reported in the literature and also patented reaching advanced phases of clinical trials.

0301 basic medicine4-benzotriazine124-triazineAntineoplastic AgentsChemistry Techniques SyntheticAntiproliferative activity01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryAnimalsHumans124-triazineMode of action124-benzotriazineTriazineAntitumor activityPharmacology010405 organic chemistryChemistryTriazinesNitrogen heterocyclesDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science1; 2; 4-benzotriazine; 1; 2; 4-triazine; Antiproliferative activity; Antitumor activity; Nitrogen heterocycles; Pharmacology; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic ChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineCombinatorial chemistrySettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica0104 chemical sciences030104 developmental biologyNitrogen heterocycleDrug Screening Assays AntitumorAntitumor activity
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Synthesis and antitumor activities of 1,2,3-triazines and their benzo- and heterofused derivatives

2017

1,2,3-Triazines are a class of biologically active compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiproliferative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This review, which covers the literature from the end of last century to 2016, treats, through a comprehensive, systematic approach, the 1,2,3-triazine and related benzo- and hetero-fused derivatives possessing antitumor activity. Their efficacy, combined with a simple synthesis confers to these molecules a great potential as scaffold for the development of antitumor compounds.

0301 basic medicineAntifungalModels MolecularHetero-fused 1123-Triazines Benzo[123]triazines Hetero-fused 123-triazines Antiproliferative activity Antitumor activity Nitrogen heterocyclesStereochemistrymedicine.drug_class12Antineoplastic AgentsChemistry Techniques SyntheticAntiproliferative activity01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesBroad spectrumNeoplasmsDrug DiscoverymedicineBenzene DerivativesAnimalsHumans3]triazinesPharmacologyAntitumor activity3-triazines1; 2; 3-Triazines; Benzo[1; 2; 3]triazines; Hetero-fused 1; 2; 3-triazines; Antiproliferative activity; Antitumor activity; Nitrogen heterocyclesBenzo[1ChemistryTriazinesNitrogen heterocyclesOrganic ChemistryBiological activityGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry030104 developmental biologyAntitumor activity
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Antiproliferative Effect of Bioaccessible Fractions of Four Brassicaceae Microgreens on Human Colon Cancer Cells Linked to Their Phytochemical Compos…

2020

The antiproliferative effect of the bioaccessible fractions (BFs) of four hydroponic Brassicaceae microgreens (broccoli, kale, mustard and radish) was evaluated on colon cancer Caco-2 cells vs. normal colon CCD18-Co cells after 24 h treatment with BFs diluted 1:10 v/v in cell culture medium. Their bioactivity was compared with the digestion blank, while the colon cancer chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil was used as a positive control. Cell viability (mitochondrial enzyme activity assay (MTT test) and Trypan blue test) and mechanisms related to antiproliferative activity (cell cycle, apoptosis/necrosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Ca2+ and g…

0301 basic medicineAntioxidantPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryBrassicaPharmacologyBiochemistryArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineViability assayCaco-2 cellsMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen species030109 nutrition & dieteticsMicrogreenslcsh:RM1-950bioaccessible fractionsCell BiologyGlutathioneAscorbic acidMicrogreen030104 developmental biologylcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacologyantiproliferative effectchemistrycolon cancerApoptosis<i>Brassica</i>Trypan blueAntioxidants
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Novel iodoacetamido benzoheterocyclic derivatives with potent antileukemic activity are inhibitors of STAT5 phosphorylation

2016

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 (STAT5) protein, a component of the STAT family of signaling proteins, is considered to be an attractive therapeutic target because of its involvement in the progression of acute myeloid leukemia. In an effort to discover potent molecules able to inhibit the phosphorylation-activation of STAT5, twenty-two compounds were synthesized and evaluated on the basis of our knowledge of the activity of 2-(3’,4’,5’-trimethoxybenzoyl)-3-iodoacetamido-6-methoxy benzo[b]furan derivative 1 as a potent STAT5 inhibitor. Most of these molecules, structurally related to compound 1, were characterized by the presence of a common 3’,4’,5’-trimethoxybenzoyl moi…

0301 basic medicineApoptosisAntineoplastic Agentchemistry.chemical_compoundBenzophenone0302 clinical medicinehemic and lymphatic diseasesFuranDrug DiscoverySTAT5 Transcription FactorTumor Cells CulturedThiopheneMoietyPhosphorylationSTAT5Molecular StructurebiologyChemistryBiological activityGeneral MedicineApoptosis; BCR/ABL expressing leukemia; In vitro antiproliferative activity; STAT5 inhibitors; Structure-activity relationship; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic Chemistry; PharmacologyLeukemia Myeloid Acute030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBCR/ABL expressing leukemiaApoptosis; BCR/ABL expressing leukemia; In vitro antiproliferative activity; STAT5 inhibitors; Structure-activity relationship; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Benzofurans; Benzophenones; Cell Proliferation; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Screening Assays Antitumor; Humans; K562 Cells; Leukemia Myeloid Acute; Molecular Structure; Phosphorylation; STAT5 Transcription Factor; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tumor Cells Cultured; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Organic Chemistry; PharmacologyHumanStereochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsArticleNOBenzophenones03 medical and health sciencesK562 CellHumansStructure–activity relationshipBenzofuransCell ProliferationPharmacologyIndole testDose-Response Relationship DrugIn vitro antiproliferative activitySTAT5 inhibitorsDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryApoptosiSTAT5 inhibitorStructure-activity relationshipIn vitro030104 developmental biologybiology.proteinBenzofuranDrug Screening Assays AntitumorK562 Cells
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Friedreich Ataxia: current state-of-the-art, and future prospects for mitochondrial-focused therapies

2021

Friedreichs Ataxia is an autosomal recessive genetic disease causing the defective gene product, frataxin. A body of literature has been focused on the attempts to counteract frataxin deficiency and the consequent iron imbalance, in order to mitigate the disease-associated prooxidant state and clinical course. The present mini review is aimed at evaluating the basic and clinical reports on the roles and the use of a set of iron chelators, antioxidants and some cofactors involved in the key mitochondrial functions. Extensive literature has focused on the protective roles of iron chelators, coenzyme Q10 and analogs, and vitamin E, altogether with varying outcomes in clinical studies. Other st…

0301 basic medicineAtaxiaUbiquinoneAlpha-Lipoic AcidDiseaseMitochondrionIron Chelating AgentsBioinformaticsAntioxidantsLinoleic Acid03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCarnitinePhysiology (medical)AnimalsHumansMedicineDeferiproneCarnitineInner mitochondrial membraneCoenzyme Q10biologyAnimalbusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineMitochondriaIron Chelating Agent030104 developmental biologyLinoleic AcidschemistryFriedreich Ataxia030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFrataxinbiology.proteinAntioxidantmedicine.symptombusinessHumanmedicine.drugTranslational Research
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Biological and anticancer properties of Inonotus obliquus extracts

2018

Abstract Inonotus obliquus (IO) has traditionally been used in folk medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the biological and metabolic properties of IO extracts. Free radical scavenging properties, inhibition of the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOi), induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell viability and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT) and KI67 mRNA in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and normal human skin fibroblast (BJ) cell lines were measured. It was found that 80% ethanol extract of IO exhibited the highest properties inhibiting the activit…

0301 basic medicineBioengineeringApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistrySuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineViability assayXanthine oxidasechemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesbiologyInonotus obliquusbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biology030104 developmental biologyAnticancerchemistryMechanism of actionCatalaseCell culturebiology.proteinInonotus obliquusmedicine.symptomAntioxidantAntiproliferativeProcess Biochemistry
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