Search results for "IRA"

Medical masks and Respirators for the Protection of Healthcare Workers from SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses

2020

The use of medical masks and respirators as personal protective equipment is pivotal to reducing the level of biological hazard to which healthcare workers are exposed during the outbreak of highly diffusible pathogens, such as the recent novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Unfortunately, during this pandemic, supplies are rapidly running out worldwide, with potential consequences for the rate of occupational infections. Also, knowledge about specific characteristics of respirators is of utmost importance to select the proper type according to the clinical setting. A wide variety of literature is available on the topic, but mostly based on Influenza viruses infection models. Clinical evidence on …

Study of the interactions between Broad bean wilt virus 1 and its host plants

Broad bean wilt virus 1 (BBWV-1) is the type member of the Fabavirus genus, in the Secoviridae family. BBWV-1 is worldwide distributed and infects important horticultural and ornamental crops causing considerable economic losses. However, information about the biological and molecular characteristics of BBWV-1 isolates is scarce. BBWV-1 is composed of two molecules of positive single-stranded RNA (ssRNA+) that are separately encapsidated in virions of icosahedral morphology. Each ssRNA+ encodes polyproteins which are processed by proteolytic cleavage into functional peptides. RNA1 (~ 5.8 kb) encodes for one polyprotein that renders proteins involved in viral replication: a protease cofactor…

New developments in the management of hepatitis C virus infection: focus on boceprevir

2012

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is an important public health problem, and the standard treatment (combination of pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin) has an effectiveness rate of only 40%-50%. Novel virus-specific drugs have recently been designed, and multiple compounds are under development. The approval for the clinical use of direct-acting antivirals in 2011 (boceprevir [BOC] and telaprevir, viral NS3 protease inhibitors) has increased recovery rates by up to 70%. Therefore, a highly effective treatment has been envisioned for the first time. This paper focuses on BOC and the implementation of new BOC-based treatment regimes.

Meme marketing: How marketers can drive better engagement using viral memes?

2022

Scholars and industry stakeholders have exhibited an interest in identifying the underlying dimensions of viral memes. However, the recipe for creating a viral meme remains obscure. This study makes a phenomenological contribution by examining viral memes, exploring the antecedents (i.e., content-related factors, customer-related factors, and media-related factors), consequences, and moderating factors using a mixed-method approach. The study presents a holistic framework for creating viral memes based on the perceptions of customers and industry stakeholders. Four quantitative studies (i.e., a lab experiment, an online quasi-experiment, an event study, and a brand recall study) validate th…

Cultural Contagion from Micro to Macro: A Semiopragmatics Approach

2017

International audience; Although cultures are a group-based process, cultural change occurs on the level of the individual, through micro-level interactions which give rise to new representations. Based on the semiopragmatics approach to communications, this contribution will theorize this process of cultural evolution, linked to the phenomenon of contagion, notably assisted by media and internet-based communication, based on examples of recent emerging cultural trends.

L’irrespect sur les réseaux socionumériques

2018

La viralité dans l’espace public numérique

2018

Depuis 2007 et la campagne électorale de Ségolène Royal, « Désir d’avenir », les communicants, les militants et les activistes utilisent la potentialité des dispositifs sociotechniques au service de leur candidat et de la propagation de leurs idées. Les réseaux sociaux ont profondément changé la stratégie de communication des équipes de campagne qui ont préempté l’espace numérique en multipliant leur présence social (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc.). Souvent composées de digital natives et d’individus maitrisant les codes et les rites en vigueur sur ces dispositifs, les équipes intègrent la force du canal de communication afin de renouveler la relation et la communication entre le politi…

Valtiovarainministeriön viranhaltijoiden vallankäyttö hallitusohjelmaperusteisessa kehysohjauksessa

2016

Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan valtiovarainministeriön keskeisten viranhaltijoiden vallankäyttöä valtiontalouden kehysprosesseissa. Tarkasteluajanjakson muodostavat vuoden 2003–2015. Kehykset nähdään yhtenä ydinvaltion oleellisimmista vallankäyttöprosesseista. Tutkimuksessa pyritään vastaamaan kysymykseen, miten valtiovarainministeriön työntekijöiden vallankäyttö rakentuu. Tutkimuksen aineisto muodostetaan haastattelemalla suomalaisen kehys- ja budjettieliitin jäseniä politiikasta, ministeriöistä, sekä valtiontalouden tarkastusvirastosta. Teoreettisena lähestymistapana toimii grounded theory, joka antaa tekijälleen suhteellisen vapaat kädet luoda aineistosta paitsi tuloksia, myös uutta teoriaa…

Olof Schalberg : akateeminen perintö ja teoreettisen filosofian rappiotila

2022

KKO 2022:9 Voiko maalittaminen olla vainoamista?

2022

KKO:2022:9-tulkinta vastaa moniin niihin huoliin ja tilanteisiin, joita maalittamisen kriminalisointia koskevissa esityksissä mainittiin. Silti kaikki virkamieheen tai viranomaiseen kohdistunut palaute ei voi olla rangaistavaa, vaikka se olisi voimakastakin. Sähköpostin ja sosiaalisen median kanavien käyttö on johtanut siihen, että arvostelua annetaan helpommin, jos yksittäiset ratkaisut tai toimet herättävät keskustelua ja kritiikkiä. Rangaistava vainoaminen edellyttää toistuvia samaan henkilöön kohdistuvia tekoja. Yksittäiseen tapahtumaan liittyvä arvosteluryöppy ei ole vainoamista, jos se tulee toisistaan erillisiltä ja riippumattomilta tahoilta, kirjoittaa OTT, dosentti Riitta Ollila Ed…