Search results for "IRRADIATION"

showing 10 items of 1012 documents

Features of the in-situ experiments on studying of tritium release from lithium ceramic Li2TiO3 using vacuum extraction method

2021

Abstract The paper presents the results of reactor experiments with lithium ceramic Li2TiO3 performed at the WWR-K research reactor (Almaty, Kazakhstan). A qualitative analysis of the experimental results is presented. The following general results are obtained from the experiments performed by the vacuum extraction method: • Almost no tritium is released in the form of tritium water vapor, and the processes associated with tritium interaction with water vapor can be excluded from the consideration; • a significant amount of tritium is released as T2 molecule; • in long-term irradiation, a significant growth of tritium release in the form of T2 molecule with the time of irradiation is obser…

In situMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringRadiochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryScientific methodvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceTritiumResearch reactorLithiumCeramicIrradiationWater vaporCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
researchProduct

Synthesis of the New Ring System 2-Oxo-[1,4]oxazino[3,2-e]indole, Heteroanalogue of Angelicin

2009

A convenient synthesis of the 2-oxo-[1,4]oxazino[3,2-e]indole ring system, an heteroanalogue of Angelicin, is reported. Our synthetic approach consisted of the annelation of the oxazine ring on the indole moiety using 4-amino-5-hydroxy indoles as building blocks. The antiproliferative activity of the new compounds either in the dark or under UVA irradiation was investigated.

Indole testAnnulationStereochemistryOrganic Chemistry1; 4-Oxazinoindoles; 1; 4-Benzoxazines; Angelicin heteroanalogue; 4-Amino-5-hydroxy indoles114-Benzoxazine14-OxazinoindoleRing (chemistry)Biochemistry4-Oxazinoindoles4-Benzoxazineschemistry.chemical_compoundAngelicinchemistryDrug DiscoveryMoiety4-Amino-5-hydroxy indolesUva irradiationAngelicin heteroanalogue
researchProduct

A two-component model for the 2260cm−1 infrared absorption band in electron irradiated amorphous SiO2

2011

Abstract We report an experimental study by infrared absorption (IR) measurements focused on the effects of electron irradiation in the dose range from 1.2 × 10 3  kGy to 5 × 10 6  kGy on the intrinsic band peaked at 2260 cm − 1 in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO 2 ) materials. This IR band is particularly relevant as it is assigned to an overtone of the strong asymmetric stretching vibration of Si–O–Si bridges and consequently it is intimately related to the Si–O–Si bond angle distribution. In a recent work we have shown that structural modifications induced by irradiation take place through the nucleation of confined high-defective and densified regions statistically dispersed into the w…

Infrared absorptionAbsorption spectroscopyChemistrybusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAnalytical chemistryNucleationElectron irradiationInfrared spectroscopySilicaCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidMolecular geometryOpticsMolecular vibrationDensificationMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesElectron beam processingAmorphous silicon dioxideIrradiationbusinessJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
researchProduct

Luminescent PhotoCORMs: Enabling/Disabling CO Delivery upon Blue Light Irradiation.

2020

The new luminescent carbonyl compounds [Mn(Oxa-H)(CO)3Br] (1) and [Mn(Oxa-NMe2)(CO)3Br] (2) were synthesized and fully characterized. Complexes 1 and 2 showed CO release under blue light (λ453). Spectroscopic techniques and TD-DFT and SOC-TD-DFT calculations indicated that 1 and 2 release the Oxa-H and Oxa-NMe2 coligands in addition to the carbonyl ligands, increasing the luminescence during photoinduction.

Inorganic ChemistryCo deliveryChemistryIrradiationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCo releaseLuminescencePhotochemistryBlue lightInorganic chemistry
researchProduct

4,4′‐Distyrylazobenzol als Chromophor

1992

4,4′-Distyrylazobenzene as Chromophore 4,4′-Distyrylazobenzenes are prepared from 4,4′-dimethylazobenzene. Whereas the Siegrist method furnishes stereoselectively the (E,E,E) configuration, a Wittig olefination leads to a mixture of (Z,E,Z), (Z,E,E) and (E,E,E) isomers which can be easily separated. Irradiation of the intense absorption at λ ≈ 400 nm causes a selective (E) (Z) isomerization of the N = N bond of all three isomers. The reverse reaction takes part in the photochemical equilibration, moreover, it is a thermal process with a relatively low activation barrier.

Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAzo compoundchemistryWittig reactionStereoselectivityIrradiationAbsorption (chemistry)ChromophorePhotochemistryMedicinal chemistryIsomerizationReversible reactionChemische Berichte
researchProduct

The addition of interleukin-2 to cyclophosphamide therapy can facilitate tumor growth of B16 melanoma.

1995

The role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on tumor growth of B16F10 melanoma cells was assessed in two sets of mice with different immune status: normal (immunocompetent) mice and immunodeficient mice. The two sets of animals were treated with cyclophosphamide (CY) or IL-2 alone or with a combined therapy of CY+IL-2. On days 6 and 10 after tumor cell injection, we evaluated the incidence of hepatic B16 melanoma metastases and the percentage of hepatic volume occupied by metastatic tissue. We observed that the CY alone (300 mg/kg, days 3 and 8 post-tumoral inoculation) significantly reduced tumor growth in all treated mice; however, CY proved more effective in normal recipients than in immunodeficien…

Interleukin 2Cancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyCyclophosphamideRatónmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyMelanoma ExperimentalInjectionsAndrologychemistry.chemical_compoundImmunocompromised HostMiceIn vivomedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsImmunologic FactorsDrug InteractionsCyclophosphamideChemotherapybusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsReceptors Interleukin-2Combined Modality TherapyNitrogen mustardNeoplasm ProteinsMice Inbred C57BLCytokineOncologychemistryToxicityInterleukin-2FemalebusinessImmunocompetenceNeoplasm TransplantationSpleenWhole-Body Irradiationmedicine.drugCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII
researchProduct

Detector for monitoring potential bleeding during electron intraoperative radiotherapy

2018

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a bleeding detector integrated into the acrylic circular applicators for specific mobile linacs. Thus, a bleeding detector has been developed based on a capacitive sensor to be used with plastic applicators, as in the case of LIAC HWL from Sordina IORT Technologies SpA. According to the clinical impact, we have selected 0.5 cm as the minimum depth of fluid that should be detected. Methods: An experiment was developed using water-simulating blood. Two setups were considered: non-beveled applicators with 7 cm and 10 cm diameter. Measurements were done for applicators 0 degrees and 45 degrees tilted, both with respect to the horizontal surface, in or…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceCapacitive sensingBiophysicsPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyElectronsHemorrhageRadiation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIntraoperative Period03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiation InjuriesRadiotherapybusiness.industryBleedingContinuous monitoringDetectorLinearityGeneral MedicineBevel030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCapacitive sensorParticle AcceleratorsbusinessPhysica Medica
researchProduct

Radiation effects on optical frequency domain reflectometry fiber-based sensor

2015

International audience; We investigate the radiation effects on germanosilicate optical fiber acting as the sensing element of optical frequency domain reflectometry devices. Thanks to a new setup permitting to control temperature during irradiation, we evaluate the changes induced by 10 keV x rays on their Rayleigh response up to 1 MGy in a temperature range from −40°C up to 75°C. Irradiation at fixed temperature points out that its measure is reliable during both irradiation and the recovery process. Mixed temperature and radiation measurements show that changing irradiation temperature leads to an error in distributed measurements that depends on the calibration procedure. These results …

Ionizing radiationMaterials scienceOptical fiberPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors02 engineering and technologyRayleigh scatteringRadiation01 natural scienceslaw.inventionScattering010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesRayleighIrradiationElectroniqueRayleigh scatteringReflectometryRadiationbusiness.industryFiber optics sensorsdistributed fiber optics sensorAtmospheric temperature rangeDistributed acoustic sensing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsFiber optic sensoroptical frequency domain reflectometrysymbols0210 nano-technologybusinesstemperature sensingOptics Letters
researchProduct

Effects of gamma-irradiation on trehalose–hydroxyethylcellulose microspheres loaded with vancomycin

2003

Ionizing radiation can be used as a drug sterilization technique, provided that the drug itself is not modified and that no toxic products are produced; moreover, if the irradiated product is a drug delivery system, the drug release characteristics must not be significantly altered by radiation. The aim of this work was to study the effects of sterilization by ionizing radiation on hydroxyethylcellulose/trehalose spherical micromatrices, containing the antibiotic vancomycin. Our experimental results showed that gamma-rays did not alter the chromophore groups of vancomycin (UV measurements), and did not modify the kinetic behavior of drug release from microspheres. Moreover, no significant c…

Ionizing radiationMicrosphereDrugmedia_common.quotation_subjectDrug delivery systemGamma-irradiationPharmaceutical Sciencelaw.inventionIonizing radiationchemistry.chemical_compoundVancomycinlawmedicineIrradiationCelluloseElectron paramagnetic resonanceESRmedia_commonRadiochemistryTrehaloseQuality controlGeneral MedicineSterilization (microbiology)Drug sterilizationTrehaloseMicrosphereschemistryGamma RaysDrug deliveryVancomycinBiotechnologymedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
researchProduct

Radiation-Engineered Functional Nanoparticles in Aqueous Systems.

2015

Controlled synthesis of nanoscalar and nanostructured materials enables the development of novel functional materials with fine-tuned optical, mechanical, electronic, magnetic, conductive and catalytic properties that are of use in numerous applications. These materials have also found their potential use in medicine as vehicles for drug delivery, in diagnostics or in combinations thereof. In principle, nanoparticles can be divided into two broad categories, organic and inorganic nanoparticles. For both types of nanoparticles there are numerous possible synthetic routes. Considering the large difference in nature of these materials and the elementary reactions involved in the synthetic rout…

Ionizing radiationReaction mechanismAqueous solutionMaterials scienceIonizing Radiation Water Radiolysis Functional NanoparticlesBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleBioengineeringNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryRadiation chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsWater radiolysisNanomaterialsParticleGeneral Materials ScienceReactivity (chemistry)IrradiationSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieFunctional nanoparticles.Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology
researchProduct