Search results for "IRRADIATION"

showing 10 items of 1012 documents

Determination of the irradiation field at the research reactor TRIGA Mainz for BNCT.

2009

For the application of the BNCT for the excorporal treatment of organs at the TRIGA Mainz, the basic characteristics of the radiation field in the thermal column as beam geometry, neutron and gamma ray energies, angular distributions, neutron flux, as well as absorbed gamma and neutron doses must be determined in a reproducible way. To determine the mixed irradiation field thermoluminescence detectors (TLD) made of CaF(2):Tm with a newly developed energy-compensation filter system and LiF:Mg,Ti materials with different (6)Li concentrations and different thicknesses as well as thin gold foils were used.

Radiation-Sensitizing AgentsMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsBoron Neutron Capture TherapyIn Vitro TechniquesThermoluminescenceTransplantation AutologousTRIGAFast NeutronsFluoridesIsotopesNeutron fluxNuclear ReactorsGermanyHumansNeutronIrradiationBoronRadiationPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedRadiochemistryLiver NeoplasmsGamma rayLiver TransplantationTransplantationEnergy TransferGamma RaysLithium CompoundsThermoluminescent DosimetryThermoluminescent dosimeterApplied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine
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The use of theranostic gadolinium-based nanoprobes to improve radiotherapy efficacy

2014

International audience; A new efficient type of gadolinium-based theranostic agent (AGuIX) has recently been developed for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided radiotherapy. These new particles consist of a polysiloxane network surrounded by a number of gadolinium chelates, usually 10. Due to their small size (<5 nm), AGuIX typically exhibit biodistributions that are almost ideal for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. For example, while a significant proportion of these particles accumulate in tumours, the remainder is rapidly eliminated by the renal route. In addition, these particles present no evidence of toxicity, in the absence of irradiation with up to 10 times the planned dose f…

Radiation-Sensitizing Agentsmedicine.medical_treatmentGadoliniumContrast MediaGadoliniumReview Article02 engineering and technologyQUANTUM DOTSIonizing radiation[ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/CancerMicechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineNuclear magnetic resonanceNeoplasmsIN-VIVOmedicine.diagnostic_testNEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPYGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic Resonance Imaging3. Good health030220 oncology & carcinogenesis/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being0210 nano-technologyMRIMaterials scienceRadiotherapy and OncologySiloxanesMOTEXAFIN GADOLINIUMchemistry.chemical_element[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer03 medical and health sciences[SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/CancerSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingIn vivoRADIATION-THERAPYmedicineAnimalsHumansBREAST-CANCERRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingModels TheoreticalRadiation therapychemistryMotexafin gadoliniumGOLD NANOPARTICLESNanoparticlesParticleCONTRAST AGENTSIONIZING-RADIATIONNuclear medicinebusiness
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Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the Kinetics of the Adsorption and Desorption of Hydrogen in Carbon Microfibres

2013

In this study, three types of carbon fibres were used, they were ex-polyacrylonitrile carbon fibres with high bulk modulus, ex-polyacrylonitrile fibres with high strength, and vapour grown carbon fibres. All the samples were subjected to a hydrogen adsorption process at room temperature in an over-pressured atmosphere of 25 bars. The adsorption process was monitored through electrical resistivity measurements. As conditioning of the fibres, a chemical activation by acid etching followed by ¿-ray irradiation with 60Co radioisotopes was performed. The surface energy was deter-mined by means of the sessile drop test. Both conditioning treatments are supplementary; the chemical activation works…

Raman SpectroscopyElectrical ResistivityMaterials scienceHydrogenHydrogen AdsorptionGeneral Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementGrain sizeSurface energyGamma IrradiationHydrogen storageSessile drop techniqueAdsorptionchemistryChemical engineeringCarbon FiberDesorptionGrain boundaryAdvances in Materials Physics and Chemistry
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Absorption band at 7.6 eV induced by γ-irradiation in silica glasses

2001

Optical absorption of defects induced by γ-irradiation in both natural and synthetic silica is experimentally investigated in the vacuum-ultraviolet (UV) range. Our results show that γ-rays, in a dose range of 1000 Mrad, induce an absorption band centered at 7.6 eV, the so-called E band, whose growth kinetics is not related to γ-activated precursors but to defects of the glassy matrix directly induced via the breaking of Si–O bonds occurring under γ-irradiation. Moreover, we observe that γ-rays do not bleach the E band present in some silica samples before irradiation, so ruling out that the associated defects can be precursors of the paramagnetic E′ centers, also induced by γ-irradiation.

Range (particle radiation)Absorption spectroscopyChemistrybusiness.industryE bandCeramics and CompositeCondensed Matter Physicsγ irradiationPhotochemistryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsParamagnetismOpticsAbsorption bandMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesIrradiationAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)business
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Ge-doping dependence of gamma-ray induced germanium lone pair centers in Ge-doped silica

2008

We report an experimental study on the y irradiation effects in Ge-doped sol-gel silica samples doped with Ge from 10 2 up to 10 4 part per million molar. The samples were exposed to the radiation generated by a 60 Co source up to an accumulated dose value of 10 MGy. Our data evidence that the γ irradiation significantly increases the number of Germanium Lone Pair Centers (GLPC). Such defects are induced with a concentration that depends on the Ge content of the employed material in those samples where no optical activity related to -s GLPC was detected before irradiation. Furthermore an increase of the GLPC concentration was detected also in a sample that already contains this defect after…

Range (particle radiation)DopingAnalytical chemistryParts-per notationGamma raychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumsistemi amorfi difetti di puntoRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryIrradiationLone pairNuclear chemistry
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Structural modifications induced by electron irradiation in SiO2 glass: Local densification measurements

2009

We report a study on the structural modifications induced in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) by electron irradiation in the dose range from 1.2?103 to 5?106?kGy. This study has been performed by investigating the properties of the 29Si hyperfine structure of the E '? center by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Our data suggest that the structural modifications induced by irradiation take place through the nucleation of confined high-defective and densified regions statistically dispersed into the whole volume of the material. In addition, we have estimated that in the high dose limit (D?105?kGy) the degree of densification associated to the local (within the defective r…

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceAnalytical chemistryNucleationGeneral Physics and AstronomyPower lawElectron and positron radiation effects Glasses Point defects and defect clusterslaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawElectron beam processingIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyHyperfine structure
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Color centers and structural damage in LiF induced by 150 MeV Kr ions

2012

Color centers and evolution of structure defects were investigated in LiF crystals irradiated at room temperature with 150 MeV 84Kr ions with a beam current of 10nA/cm2 in the fluence range 1011 - 1014 ions/cm2 at the cyclotron accelerator DC-60 (Astana, Kazakhstan). At the fluence of 1011 ions/cm2, SEM imaging revealed mainly formation of etchable ion tracks. Above this fluence, severe structural modifications in the irradiated layer were observed which include the ion-induced formation of dislocations and grains with nano-scale dimensions. The role of fluence in the concentration of electronic color centers and structural modifications is discussed.

Range (particle radiation)Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsIon trackPhysics::Medical PhysicsCyclotronFluenceIonlaw.inventionPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawIrradiationAtomic physicsBeam (structure)IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Dielectric behaviour of a γ-irradiated polycarbonate

1980

Dielectric measurements on a γ-irradiated polycarbonate in a dose range 0–20 Mrad and at test frequencies of 103 and 104 Hz have been carried out. The glass transition temperature shows a maximum at 3.5 Mrad and then decreases at larger doses. This result is in line with other experiments (intrinsic viscosity, dynamic-mechanical measurements, etc) already reported: the Tg values are however larger in the present results. This is probably due to the plasticizing action of the absorbed moisture present in the previous tests. A Tg vs 1/[n]2 plot (1/[n]2 is proportional to 1/m ) allows to find the value of the glass transition point at an infinite molecular weight and the dependency of Tg on mo…

Range (particle radiation)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMoistureIntrinsic viscosityAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryDielectricCondensed Matter Physicsvisual_artPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumIrradiationPolycarbonateGlass transitionLine (formation)Polymer Bulletin
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Evaluation of the relative thermoluminescence efficiency of LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P TL detectors to low-energy heavy ions

2013

Abstract The most popular types of LiF-based thermoluminescent (TL) detectors, LiF:Mg,Ti (MTS-N) and LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N), have been investigated, with respect to their dose (fluence) response and relative TL efficiency to different ion species. The detectors were irradiated using the nitrogen, iron, krypton and xenon ion beams, at energies ranging from 5.0 to 9.3 MeV/n. Supra- and sublinear response was found, for the MTS-N and MCP-N, respectively, similarly as observed for γ-rays. However, the level of nonlinearity of response of studied detectors is strongly reduced by increasing values of the ion ionization density (no supralinearity for Xe ions, for MTS-N, within calculated uncertaintie…

Range (particle radiation)Radiationdosimetryta114KryptonRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistryLithium fluoridechemistry.chemical_elementFluenceThermoluminescenceIonchemistry.chemical_compoundXenonchemistryIrradiationInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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Re-irradiation With Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Pelvic Rectal Cancer Recurrences in Patients Previously Irradiated to the Pelvis

2020

Background/Aim: Re-irradiation of locally recurrent rectal cancer poses challenges due to the proximity of critical organs, such as the bowel. This study aimed at evaluating the safety and efficacy of re-irradiation with Carbon Ion Radiotherapy (CIRT) in rectal cancer patients with local recurrence. Patients and Methods: Between 2014 and 2018, 14 patients were treated at the National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO Foundation) with CIRT for locally recurrent rectal cancer. Results: All patients concluded the treatment. No G≥3 acute/late reaction nor pelvic infections were observed. The 1-year and 2-year local control rates were, 78% and 52%, respectively, and relapse occurred clos…

Re-IrradiationAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyColorectal cancerHeavy Ion RadiotherapyKaplan-Meier EstimateGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPelvisRe-Irradiation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica per Immagini e RadioterapiamedicineHumansIn patientRectal cancer recurrenceCarbon ion radiotherapy; Rectal cancer recurrence; Reirradiation; Adult; Aged; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence Local; Pelvis; Prognosis; Rectal Neoplasms; Tomography X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Heavy Ion Radiotherapy; Re-IrradiationTomographyPelvisRecurrent Rectal CancerReirradiationAgedPharmacologyddc:617business.industryRectal NeoplasmsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisMagnetic Resonance ImagingX-Ray Computedmedicine.anatomical_structureNeoplasm RecurrenceTreatment OutcomeLocalCarbon ion radiotherapy030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMetastasis free survivalCarbon Ion RadiotherapyFemaleRadiologyNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedPelvic InfectionResearch ArticleFollow-Up Studies
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