Search results for "ISD"
showing 10 items of 485 documents
Raindrop size distribution and terminal velocity for rainfall erosivity studies. A review
2019
Abstract The knowledge of the rainfall drop size distribution (DSD) at the land surface is essential for understanding precipitation mechanisms affecting soil erosion processes. Rainfall erosivity is defined as the potential of rain to cause erosion and it can be evaluated by rainfall kinetic power, which is determined by DSD and raindrop terminal velocity. This paper firstly deals with the raindrop terminal velocity estimate. Then the most widely used DSD are reviewed highlighting the difference between the raindrop size distribution per unit volume of air and that per unit area and time. The reliability of the available kinetic power-rainfall intensity relationships and their application …
2020
Marine and coastal activities are closely interrelated, and conflicts among different sectors can undermine management and conservation objectives. Governance systems for fisheries, power generation, irrigation, aquaculture, marine biodiversity conservation, and other coastal and maritime activities are typically organized to manage conflicts within sectors, rather than across them. Based on the discussions around eight case studies presented at a workshop held in Brest in June 2019, this paper explores institutional approaches to move beyond managing conflicts within a sector. We primarily focus on cases where the groups and sectors involved are heterogeneous in terms of: the jurisdiction …
Multispecies tracking reveals a major seabird hotspot in the North Atlantic
2021
The conservation of migratory marine species, including pelagic seabirds, is challenging because their movements span vast distances frequently beyond national jurisdictions. Here, we aim to identify important aggregations of seabirds in the North Atlantic to inform ongoing regional conservation efforts. Using tracking, phenology, and population data, we mapped the abundance and diversity of 21 seabird species. This revealed a major hotspot associated with a discrete area of the subpolar frontal zone, used annually by 2.9–5 million seabirds from ≥56 colonies in the Atlantic: the first time this magnitude of seabird concentrations has been documented in the high seas. The hotspot is temporal…
Committee Parliamentary Specialization Index. Explaining MPs’ specialisation in the Spanish Congreso de los Diputados
2019
Nowadays legislatures are largely based on committee systems. This enables a division of work and specialisation, in the context of highly complex politics and policy development. It seems clear that MP specialisation in the field of the committee they serve on is an important political asset, both for MPs and their parliamentary party group. This paper presents the Committee Parliamentary Specialization Index. This index measures the degree an MP is specialised in the jurisdiction of the committee they serve on. In the second part of the paper, the index is applied to the Spanish Congreso de los Diputados, an interesting case for testing this multi-faceted index, to find institutional, pol…
Fabry disease and multiple sclerosis misdiagnosis: the role of family history and neurological signs
2018
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by a galactosidase A (a-gal A) deficiency. Central nervous system involvement and chronic white matter lesions are observed in both FD and multiple sclerosis (MS), which can confound the differential diagnosis. We analyzed the GLA gene, which encodes a-gal A, in 86 patients with clinical and neuroradiological findings consistent with MS to determine whether they had FD. We identified four women initially diagnosed with MS who had GLA mutations associated with FD. Our results indicate that family history besides neurological findings should be evaluated in patients with an uncertain diagnosis of MS. Also the involv…
Do fee-shifting rules affect plaintiffs’ win rates? A theoretical and empirical analysis
2021
Abstract This article studies whether fee-shifting rules can affect plaintiffs’ win rates. Beyond theoretical modeling, this study goes a step further and provides empirical evidence on this issue, thanks to the study of a real change in Spanish legislation. Spain applied the so-called English rule in 2011 in the administrative jurisdiction. This study explores whether plaintiffs were more or less successful when litigating against public administrations since then. After controlling for several other factors, it is shown that the new rule considerably increased plaintiffs’ win rate (while also reducing litigation). The paper also presents a theoretical model explaining that the English rul…
Another "French paradox": explaining why interest rates to microenterprises dit not increase with the change in French usury legislation
2015
Conventional wisdom indicates that the growth of credit may not materialize if credit rates remain capped by usury laws, as had long been the case in France. France therefore abolished usury ceilings on loans to microenterprise in an effort to increase financing for microentrepreneurs. This should have led to an increase in interest rates and increase in microcredit. However, we do not find any increase in interest rates and this is therefore a paradox. The paper provides a brief literature review and the salient features of the legislative changes in France. It follows this up with a presentation of interest rate movements. The discussion of possible explanations of the paradox includes cl…
Reflexiones a propósito de la protección de datos en el escenario global digital: El derecho de daños en la litigiosidad internacional
2021
La circulación internacional de datos personales constituye un sector pujante en la esfera socio-económica. En tales condiciones, ante la existencia de un tratamiento ilícito de aquellos, el agraviado está legitimado para exigir una indemnización por los daños y perjuicios que se hubieran podido originar en el marco transfronterizo. Tal situación plantea dos cuestiones fundamentales: por un lado, determinar el órgano jurisdiccional competente para conocer de un eventual litigio, y, por otro, precisar la Ley aplicable para resolver la controversia suscitada. En la presente investigación cabe destacar las significativas novedades que introduce el Reglamento (UE) 2016/679, de 27 de abril de 20…
Tras la constitución de 2019 : ¿albores de la responsabilidad parental en cuba?
2021
Tras la Constitución de 2019 se avizora un nuevo horizonte de la responsabilidad parental en Cuba, que nace entre la constitucionalización de los derechos familiares y el reconocimiento constitucional de las garantías procesales como expresión de cambios sociales y corolario del influjo de la internacionalización de las relaciones familiares. A raíz de todo lo cual surge un programa de reformas de las instituciones sustantivas y procesales, que inspirado en el interés superior del niño debe integrar, en modo coherente y sistemático, las orientaciones que descienden del sistema convencional y la axiología que pauta el actual texto constitucional.
Servicios de intermediación en línea en Europa : diseño de un sistema específico de solución de controversias
2021
Este trabajo analiza el sistema de solución de controversias específicamente diseñado, con la introducción de alternativas a la jurisdicción, en el Reglamento (UE) 2019/1150 sobre el fomento de la equidad y la transparencia para los usuarios profesionales de servicios de intermediación en línea, que ha entrado recientemente en vigor.