Search results for "ISOTOPE SEPARATION"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
RELAP5-3D thermal hydraulic analysis of the target cooling system in the SPES experimental facility
2014
The SPES (Selective Production of Exotic Species) experimental facility, under construction at the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) Laboratories of Legnaro, Italy, is a second generation Isotope Separation On Line (ISOL) plant for advanced nuclear physic studies. The UCx target-ion source system works at temperature of about 2273 K, producing a high level of radiation (10^5 Sv/h), for this reason a careful risk analysis for the target chamber is among the major safety issues. In this paper, the obtained results of thermofluid-dynamics simulations of accidental transients in the SPES target cooling system are reported. The analysis, performed by using the RELAP5-3D 2.4.2 …
Application of gas separation membranes to detritiation systems
2002
The use of gas separation membranes in tritium removal systems has been studied to develop a new detritiation process. The main advantage of this new process is to reduce the number and/or the size of equipments in comparison to conventional detritiation systems. The objective of this study is to choose the best suited membrane for this application. The hydrogen or its isotopes recovery performance of several commercial hollow fiber organic membranes has been analyzed thanks to three devices. Experiments are performed with small quantities of hydrogen gas or deuterium gas or tritium gas in the range representative of the radioactive contamination level in tritium handling gloveboxes. A math…
Isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in the transitions of stable calcium isotopes and calcium-41
1998
Isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in the 4s2 1S0 → 4s4p 1P1 and 4s2 1S0 → 4s4d 1D2 transitions of calcium have been measured with high-precision laser spectroscopy. Calcium atoms in an atomic beam were excited with single-frequency cw dye and titanium sapphire lasers and then photoionized with the 363.8 nm or 514.5 nm line of an argon ion laser. The resulting ions were analyzed and detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Isotope shifts for all stable calcium isotopes and the radionuclide 41Ca have been measured in both transitions. The corresponding field shift and specific mass shift coefficients as well as hyperfine structure constants for the isotopes 41, 43Ca have been derive…
Investigation of gaseous discharge ion sources for isotope separation on-line
1976
Abstract Gaseous discharge ion sources with circular end extraction have been investigated with the aim of meeting the special requirements of on-line isotope separation. The studies represent an attempt to increase lifetime, temperature and ionization efficiency of the ion source under stable discharge conditions and to reduce the ion current density of usually 1–100 mA/cm2 of low intensity separator sources. The detailed investigation of a modified Nielsen Ion Source is described. The source yields in oscillating electron are operation reproducible ionization efficiencies of 32% for krypton and 45% for xenon. It was found that minor variations of geometry and potentials in a Nielsen-type …
Determination of90Sr in environmental samples with resonance ionization spectroscopy in collinear geometry
1994
A new, fast technique for trace analysis of the radioactive isotopes89Sr and90Sr in environmental samples has been developed. Conventional mass separation is combined with resonance ionization spectroscopy in collinear geometry, which provides high selectivity and sensitivity. In addition, a chemical separation procedure for sample preparation has been developed. The described technique was used to determine the90Sr content in ≈ 870 m3 air samples collected near Munich during and shortly after the Chernobyl reactor accident in April 1986. The content of90Sr was measured to be 1.4 mBq per m3, corresponding to 1.6 × 109 atoms of90Sr per sample. This value is in good agreement with the results…
Investigation of small-volume gaseous discharge ion sources for isotope separation on-line
1975
Abstract Two small-volume oscillating electron ion sources are described with circular end extraction from a heated hollw cathode, anti-cathode respectively.
Enhancement of D 2 /H 2 Selectivity in Zeolite A through Partial Na–K Exchange: Single-Gas and Coadsorption Studies at 45–77 K
2020
International audience; We report D2/H2 adsorption selectivities under cryogenic temperatures (45-77 K) in Na and K-Na exchanged zeolites A (LTA structural code) measured by co-adsorption technique. These values are systematically compared with Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST) predictions based on the single gas adsorption isotherms. For NaA zeolite the evolution of the selectivity as a function of total pressure and gas mixture composition at 77 K shows ideal behavior. In contrast, as temperature decreases, D2/H2 selectivity rises exponentially and its values can no longer be predicted by IAST. We found that in these conditions the evolution of the selectivity can be described by a si…
A laser ion source for trace analysis
1988
A laser ion source has been set up which is based on resonant stepwise excitation and ionization of atomic vapor confined in an ionization chamber. Using a pulsed copper vapor/dye laser system with a high repetition rate (6.5 kHz) one expects high efficiency and high selectivity for this new type of ion source. First test experiments with lead are reported.
Production of mass-separated Erbium-169 towards the first preclinical in vitro investigations
2021
The β−-particle-emitting erbium-169 is a potential radionuclide toward therapy of metastasized cancer diseases. It can be produced in nuclear research reactors, irradiating isotopically-enriched 168Er2O3. This path, however, is not suitable for receptor-targeted radionuclide therapy, where high specific molar activities are required. In this study, an electromagnetic isotope separation technique was applied after neutron irradiation to boost the specific activity by separating 169Er from 168Er targets. The separation efficiency increased up to 0.5% using resonant laser ionization. A subsequent chemical purification process was developed as well as activity standardization of the radionuclid…
Terbium Medical Radioisotope Production: Laser Resonance Ionization Scheme Development
2021
Terbium (Tb) is a promising element for the theranostic approach in nuclear medicine. The new CERN-MEDICIS facility aims for production of its medical radioisotopes to support related R&D projects in biomedicine. The use of laser resonance ionization is essential to provide radioisotopic yields of highest quantity and quality, specifically regarding purity. This paper presents the results of preparation and characterization of a suitable two-step laser resonance ionization process for Tb. By resonance excitation via an auto-ionizing level, the high ionization efficiency of 53% was achieved. To simulate realistic production conditions for Tb radioisotopes, the influence of a surplus of Gd at…