Search results for "ITS"

Maristem stem cells of marine/aquatic invertebrates: from basic research to innovative applications

2018

The “stem cells” discipline represents one of the most dynamic areas in biomedicine. While adult marine/aquatic invertebrate stem cell (MISC) biology is of prime research and medical interest, studies on stem cells from organisms outside the classical vertebrate (e.g., human, mouse, and zebrafish) and invertebrate (e.g., Drosophila, Caenorhabditis) models have not been pursued vigorously. Marine/aquatic invertebrates constitute the largest biodiversity and the widest phylogenetic radiation on Earth, from morphologically simple organisms (e.g., sponges, cnidarians), to the more complex mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms, and protochordates. These organisms contain a kaleidoscope of MISC-type…

What Healthcare Workers Should Know about Environmental Bacterial Contamination in the Intensive Care Unit

2017

Intensive care unit- (ICU-) acquired infections are a major health problem worldwide. Inanimate surfaces and equipment contamination may play a role in cross-transmission of pathogens and subsequent patient colonization or infection. Bacteria contaminate inanimate surfaces and equipment of the patient zone and healthcare area, generating a reservoir of potential pathogens, including multidrug resistant species. Traditional terminal cleaning methods have limitations. Indeed patients who receive a bed from prior patient carrying bacteria are exposed to an increased risk (odds ratio 2.13, 95% confidence intervals 1.62–2.81) of being colonized and potentially infected by the same bacterial spec…

2014

Published version of an article from the journal: Food & Nutrition Research. Also available from the publisher: http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v58.23194 Open Access

Exercise and Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation Induce Changes in the Composition of Liver Fatty Acids

2019

Exercise and supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are used to reduce body weight and to improve health. Applied together, they may exert a synergistic effect. However, the effects of exercise and CLA supplementation on liver metabolism are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of exercise and CLA supplementation on fatty acids (FA) composition in mouse liver. We analyzed 44 of known FAs of this organ by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our results demonstrated that exercise contributed to a decrease in odd-chain FA and an increase in n-6 polyunsaturated FA contents. In turn, CLA stimulated an increase in branched-chain FAs and n-3 polyunsa…

Influence of platelet-derived growth factor on osseous remodeling properties of a variable-thread tapered dental implant in vivo

2016

Objectives To evaluate the effect of platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB) on the promotion of osteogenesis around variable-thread tapered implants in an animal model. Material and methods Twenty-four variable-thread tapered implants were inserted in the tibia of 12 rabbits. Twelve sites received additional rhPDGF-BB released from a presoaked xenogenic bone block that was fixed supracrestally. Primary outcomes were bone-to-implant contact (BIC; in % ± SD) and percentage of medullary bone fill around the implants (PMF; in % ± SD) after 3 weeks (PDGF n = 6, no PDGF n = 6) and 6 weeks (PDGF n = 6, no PDGF n = 6). Results Considerable crestal and medullary bone remodeling could be found ar…

Determination of milk production losses and variations of fat and protein percentages according to different levels of somatic cell count in Valle de…

2018

The somatic cell count (SCC) of milk is widely used to monitor udder health and the milk quality and because of its positive genetic correlation with mastitis this trait was included in breeding schemes of dairy sheep. The aim of this study was to estimate the loss in milk yield (MY) and related composition resulting from different levels of somatic cell count in Valle del Belice dairy sheep. Data were collected between 2006 and 2016 in 15 flocks following an A4 recording scheme. Somatic cell count (SCC), fat and protein percentage (F% and P%) were determined using mid-infrared spectroscopy. To evaluate loss in test day MY, F% and P%, five different classes of SCC were arbitrarily defined: …

The sensory and nutritional experience of parents guide offsprings' feeding behavior

2016

Le comportement alimentaire est régulé par des facteurs physiologiques intrinsèques et est largement influencé par l’environnement culturel. Une prise alimentaire excessive et un mode de vie trop sédentaire sont les principales raisons de l’épidémie mondiale d’obésité. Si l’influence du contexte familial sur les habitudes alimentaires ne fait aucun doute, le fait que l’état nutritionnel, métabolique et hormonal des parents avant la conception, puis de la mère pendant la gestation et l’allaitement puisse influencer le comportement alimentaire futur de l’enfant est un concept novateur qui ouvre la voie à des mesures de prévention. Au cours des dernières décennies, des travaux sur des cohortes…

Odorant Metabolism Analysis by an Automated Ex Vivo Headspace Gas-Chromatography Method

2015

International audience; In the olfactory epithelium (OE), odorant metabolizing enzymes have the dual function of volatile component detoxification and active clearance of odorants from the perireceptor environment to respectively maintain the integrity of the tissues and the sensitivity of the detection. Although emphasized by recent studies, this enzymatic mechanism is poorly documented in mammals. Thus, olfactory metabolism has been characterized mainly in vitro and for a limited number of odorants. The automated ex vivo headspace gas-chromatography method that was developed here was validated to account for odorant olfactory metabolism. This method easily permits the measurement of the f…

Hippocampal theta phase-contingent memory retrieval in delay and trace eyeblink conditioning

2017

Hippocampal theta oscillations (3-12Hz) play a prominent role in learning. It has been suggested that encoding and retrieval of memories are supported by different phases of the theta cycle. Our previous study on trace eyeblink conditioning in rabbits suggests that the timing of the conditioned stimulus (CS) in relation to theta phase affects encoding but not retrieval of the memory trace. Here, we directly tested the effects of hippocampal theta phase on memory retrieval in two experiments conducted on adult female New Zealand White rabbits. In Experiment 1, animals were trained in trace eyeblink conditioning followed by extinction, and memory retrieval was tested by presenting the CS at t…

Native arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis alters foliar bacterial community composition.

2017

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on plant-associated microbes are poorly known. We tested the hypothesis that colonization by an AM fungus affects microbial species richness and microbial community composition of host plant tissues. We grew the grass, Deschampsia flexuosa in a greenhouse with or without the native AM fungus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum. We divided clonally produced tillers into two parts: one inoculated with AM fungus spores and one without AM fungus inoculation (non-mycorrhizal, NM). We characterized bacterial (16S rRNA gene) and fungal communities (internal transcribed spacer region) in surface-sterilized leaf and root plant compartments. AM fungus inoculat…