Search results for "Ibers"

showing 10 items of 578 documents

Hamiltonian tools for the analysis of optical polarization control

2011

Import JabRef; International audience; The study of the polarization dynamics of two counterpropagating beams in optical fibers has recently been the subject of a growing renewed interest, from both the theoretical and experimental points of view. This system exhibits a phenomenon of polarization attraction, which can be used to achieve a complete polarization of an initially unpolarized signal beam, almost without any loss of energy. Along the same way, an arbitrary polarization state of the signal beam can be controlled and converted into any other desired state of polarization, by adjusting the polarization state of the counterpropagating pump beam. These properties have been demonstrate…

DYNAMICSOptical fiberWAVESSPUNPhysics::OpticsATTRACTION01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsCOUNTERPROPAGATING LASER-BEAMSINSTABILITIESlawQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCircular polarizationPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Linear polarizationNonlinear opticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsOptical polarizationPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsClassical mechanicsLIGHTSignal beamPolarization mode dispersionCHAOSSOLITONSFIBERS
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Modulational instability and generation of self-induced transparency solitons in resonant optical fibers

2009

International audience; We consider continuous-wave propagation through a fiber doped with two-level resonant atoms, which is described by a system of nonlinear Schrodinger-Maxwell-Bloch (NLS-MB) equations. We identify the modulational instability (MI) conditions required for the generation of ultrashort pulses, in cases of both anomalous and normal GVD (group-velocity dispersion). It is shown that the self-induced transparency (SIT) induces non-conventional MI sidebands. The main result is a prediction of the existence of both bright and dark SIT solitons in the anomalous and normal GVD regimes.

Dark solitonOptical fiberNonlinear opticsElectromagnetic wave propagationWave propagationSelf-induced transparency01 natural sciencesDoped materialslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslawVelocity dispersion0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Optical solitonsGroup velocityOptical fibers010306 general physicsSelf-phase modulationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsModulation instabilityTwo level atomPhysicsUltrashort pulsebusiness.industryNonlinear opticsSelf-phase modulationNonlinear equationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryModulational instability[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryGroup velocitySchroedinger equationLinear stabilitybusinessUltrashort pulse
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Diagnostic immunohistochemistry in neuromuscular disorders.

2005

Most neuromuscular disorders display only non-specific myopathological features in routine histological preparations. However, a number of proteins, including sarcolemmal, sarcomeric, and nuclear proteins as well as enzymes with defects responsible for neuromuscular disorders, have been identified during the past two decades, allowing a more specific and firm diagnosis of muscle diseases. Identification of protein defects relies predominantly on immunohistochemical preparations and on Western blot analysis. While immunohistochemistry is very useful in identifying abnormal expression of primary protein abnormalities in recessive conditions, it is less helpful in detecting primary defects in …

Denervationmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyHistologymedicine.diagnostic_testCell adhesion moleculeBlotting WesternMuscle Fibers SkeletalMuscle ProteinsAnatomical pathologyGeneral MedicineNeuromuscular DiseasesBiologyImmunohistochemistryPathology and Forensic MedicineBlotWestern blotmedicineImmunohistochemistryAnimalsHumansMuscle fibreNuclear proteinForecastingHistopathology
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Agreement among 3 optical imaging methods for the assessment of optic disc topography.

2005

Purpose To assess the agreement of disc topography measurements between the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT II), Retinal Thickness Analyzer (RTA), and Optical Coherence Tomograph (StratusOCT). Design Observational cross-sectional study. Participants Forty-two randomly chosen eyes of 42 subjects. Methods Each subject underwent HRT II, RTA, and StratusOCT examination. Two experienced examiners drew the contour lines for the HRT II and RTA. Bland and Altman plots were used to evaluate agreement for each topographic parameter among the instruments. The Spearman coefficient of rank correlation was evaluated for each topographic parameter. Main Outcome Measures Agreement in the measurement of op…

Diagnostic ImagingMaleRetinal Ganglion Cellsmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresOptic DiskGlaucomaSpearman's rank correlation coefficientRetinal thickness analyzerOptical imagingNerve FibersOphthalmologyLinear regressionOptic Nerve DiseasesMedicineHumansIntraocular PressureRank correlationAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureCross-Sectional StudiesFemalesense organsTomographybusinessGlaucoma Open-AngleOptic discOphthalmology
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Synaptic release of zinc from brain slices: factors governing release, imaging, and accurate calculation of concentration.

2006

Cerebrocortical neurons that store and release zinc synaptically are widely recognized as critical in maintenance of cortical excitability and in certain forms of brain injury and disease. Through the last 20 years, this synaptic release has been observed directly or indirectly and reported in more than a score of publications from over a dozen laboratories in eight countries. However, the concentration of zinc released synaptically has not been established with final certainty. In the present work we have considered six aspects of the methods for studying release that can affect the magnitude of zinc release, the imaging of the release, and the calculated concentration of released zinc. We…

Diagnostic ImagingPyridinesColoring agentschemistry.chemical_elementZincIn Vitro TechniquesRats Sprague-DawleyPregnancyAnimalsAcido edeticoPolycyclic CompoundsRats WistarColoring AgentsEdetic AcidFluorescent DyesNeuronsExtramuralChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceTemperatureBrainOriginal dataRatsSprague dawleyZincDentate GyrusMossy Fibers HippocampalSynapsesFemaleSynaptic VesiclesNeuroscienceJournal of neuroscience methods
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Dietary fiber and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

2018

Background Several studies have suggested that higher consumption of dietary fiber is beneficial for a variety of health outcomes. However, many results have been inconclusive and, to our knowledge, there has been no attempt to systematically capture the breadth of outcomes associated with dietary fiber intake or to systematically assess the quality and the strength of the evidence on the associations of dietary fiber intake and different health outcomes or medical conditions. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the diverse health outcomes convincingly associated with dietary fiber consumption. Design This was an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of observ…

Dietary Fiber0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyEvidence-based practiceDatabases FactualMedicine (miscellaneous)systemati reviewType 2 diabetesfiberscancer; cardiovascular disease; fibers; meta-analysis systemati review; Medicine (miscellaneous); Nutrition and DieteticsCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMeta-Analysis as Topiccardiovascular diseaseInternal medicinemedicinecancerHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicInflammation030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryIncidencemedicine.diseaseDietmeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicTreatment OutcomeSystematic reviewDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular Diseasescancer cardiovascular disease fibers meta-analysis systemati reviewMeta-analysisObservational Studies as TopicObservational studybusinessSystematic Reviews as TopicThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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Thermodynamic approach of supercontinuum generation

2009

International audience; This paper is aimed at providing an overview on recent theoretical and experimental works in which a thermodynamic description of the incoherent regime of supercontinuum generation has been formulated. On the basis of the wave turbulence theory, we show that this highly nonlinear and quasi-continuous-wave regime of supercontinuum generation is characterized by two different phenomena. (i) A process of optical wave thermalization ruled by the four-wave mixing effects: The spectral broadening inherent to supercontinuum generation is shown to result from the natural tendency of the optical field to reach its thermodynamic equilibrium state, i. e., the state of maximum n…

Difficult problem[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]SPATIALLY INCOHERENT-LIGHTThermodynamic equilibriumWave turbulenceSOLITONWAVE TURBULENCEPhysics::OpticsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsOptical field01 natural sciencesCONDENSATION010309 opticsEntropy (classical thermodynamics)symbols.namesakeMODULATION-INSTABILITYQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBERStatistical physicsElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsNonlinear Schrödinger equationOPTICAL-FIBERSNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsInstrumentationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Fiber nonlinear opticsDISPERSION WAVELENGTHSTHERMALIZATIONAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSupercontinuumNonlinear systemControl and Systems EngineeringsymbolsSolitonRaman scatteringPATTERN-FORMATION
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Mechanical Behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams Bonded with External Carbon Fiber Sheets

2017

This study investigates the mechanical behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams internally reinforced with steel bars and externally bonded with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets fixed by adhesive and hybrid jointing techniques. In particular, attention is paid to the load resistance and failure modes of composite beams. The steel fibers were used to avoiding the rip-off failure of the concrete cover. The CFRP sheets were fixed to the concrete surface by epoxy adhesive as well as combined with various configurations of small-diameter steel pins for mechanical fastening to form a hybrid connection. Such hybrid jointing techniques were found to be particularly adva…

Digital image correlationMaterials science020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyFiber-reinforced concreteArticle0201 civil engineeringlaw.inventionBrittlenesslawResidual stressadhesive-mechanical connectionGeneral Materials ScienceFiberComposite materialexternal CFRP sheetsConcrete coverbusiness.industrydebonding failureStructural engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymechanical testingsteel fibers reinforced concreteadhesive-mechanical connection; debonding failure; external CFRP sheets; mechanical testing; steel fibers reinforced concreteAdhesiveDeformation (engineering)0210 nano-technologybusinessMaterials
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Chronic cocaine exposure impairs progenitor proliferation but spares survival and maturation of neural precursors in adult rat dentate gyrus

2006

Recent observations indicate that drugs of abuse, including alcohol and opiates, impair adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. We have studied in rats the impact of cocaine treatment (20 mg/kg, daily, i.p.) on cell proliferation, survival and maturation following short-term (8-day) and long-term (24-day) exposure. Using 5'-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and Ki-67 as mitotic markers at the end of the drug treatments, we found that both short- and long-term cocaine exposures significantly reduced cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. By labelling mitotic cells with BrdU pulses before or during the early stages of the drug treatment, we determined that long-term cocaine…

Doublecortin Domain ProteinsMalemedicine.medical_specialtyDoublecortin ProteinCell SurvivalDown-RegulationMitosisHippocampusBiologyHippocampal formationDrug Administration ScheduleCocaine-Related DisordersCocaineDopamine Uptake InhibitorsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRats WistarCell ShapeCell ProliferationNeuronsTUNEL assayStem CellsGeneral NeuroscienceDentate gyrusNeuropeptidesNeurogenesisColocalizationCell DifferentiationRatsDoublecortinDisease Models AnimalKi-67 AntigenEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureBromodeoxyuridineChronic DiseaseDentate GyrusMossy Fibers Hippocampalbiology.proteinCognition DisordersMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsNeuroscienceStratum lucidumEuropean Journal of Neuroscience
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Controlled transdermal iontophoresis by ion-exchange fiber

2000

The objective of this study was to assess the transdermal delivery of drugs using iontophoresis with cation- and anion-exchange fibers as controlled drug delivery vehicles. Complexation of charged model drugs with the ion-exchange fibers was studied as a method to achieve controlled transdermal drug delivery. Drug release from the cation-exchange fiber into a physiological saline was dependent on the lipophilicity of the drug. The release rates of lipophilic tacrine and propranolol were significantly slower than that of hydrophilic nadolol. Permeation of tacrine across the skin was directly related to the iontophoretic current density and drug concentration used. Anion-exchange fiber was te…

DrugChemical PhenomenaSkin Absorptionmedia_common.quotation_subjectPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyIn Vitro TechniquesPharmacologyAdministration Cutaneous030226 pharmacology & pharmacyDosage form03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineHumansFiberElectrodesSodium salicylateTransdermalmedia_commonMineral FibersActive ingredientChromatographyIontophoresisChemistry PhysicalIontophoresisModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIon ExchangechemistryDrug deliveryTacrine0210 nano-technologyAlgorithmsJournal of Controlled Release
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