Search results for "Ileu"

Proteomics of Galápagos Marine Iguanas Links Function of Femoral Gland Proteins to the Immune System

2020

Femoral glands secrete a wax-like substance on the inner side of lizard hind legs, which is thought to function as a mode of chemical communication. Though the minor volatile fraction is well studied, the major protein fraction remains enigmatic. Here, we use proteomics to analyze proteins in femoral gland secretions of the Galápagos marine iguana. Although we found no evidence for proteins and peptides involved in chemical communication, we found several immune-regulatory proteins which also demonstrate anti-microbial functions. Accordingly, we show that femoral gland proteins and peptides function as a barrier against microbial infection and may prevent the rapid degradation of volatile s…

Leukotriene receptor antagonists in monotherapy or in combination with antihistamines in the treatment of chronic urticaria: A systematic review

2008

In vitro and in vivo clinical and experimental data have suggested that leukotrienes play a key role in inflammatory reactions of the skin. Antileukotriene drugs, ie, leukotriene receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors, are a class of anti-inflammatory drugs that have shown clinical efficacy in the management of asthma and in rhinitis with asthma. We searched MEDLINE database and carried out a manual search on journals specializing in allergy and dermatology for the use of antileukotriene drugs in urticaria. Montelukast might be effective in chronic urticaria associated with aspirin (ASA) or food additive hypersensitivity or with autoreactivity to intradermal serum injection (ASST) wh…

Pharmacological activity of new histamine analogues.

1974

Evaluation of cut quality using the Amadeus microkeratome with different settings.

2004

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the quality of keratectomy specimens created with the Amadeus® microkeratome (AMO) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Setting: Johannes Gutenberg-University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Mainz, and the Department of Anatomy, Justus Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany. Methods: Corneal cuts were performed in freshly enucleated pig eyes using the Amadeus microkeratome with 9 combinations of oscillation rate and head-advance speed. For the cutting trials, oscillation rates of 8000, 13000, and 18000 rpm and head-advance speeds of 1.0, 2.5, and 4.0 mm/s were chosen. Fifty-four eyes were included, resulting in 9 groups of 6 eyes for each configuration…

Pre-Analytical Determination of the Effect of Extended Warm or Cold Ischaemia on RNA Stability in the Human Ileum Mucosa

2015

The use of banked human tissue, obtained with informed consent after elective surgical procedures, represents a powerful model for understanding underlying mechanisms of diseases or therapeutic interventions and for establishing prognostic markers. However, donated tissues typically have varying times of warm ischaemia in situ due to blood arrest or cold ischaemia due to procurement and transportation. Hence, before using these tissues, it is important to carry out pre-analytical studies to ensure that they are representative of the in vivo state. In particular, tissues of the gastrointestinal tract have been thought to have low RNA stability. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if ext…

Refraktiver Nutzen und inkrementelle Kosten der LASIK: Ergebnisse einer Kosten-Nutzen-Studie an zwei universitären LASIK-Zentren

2003

BACKGROUND No data is available to date on the cost effectiveness of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with regard to the German-speaking health care system. Hence we compared the clinical outcome and cost data of two German LASIK centres in respect of procedure cost effectiveness from the patient perspective. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was implemented at the University Hospitals of Mainz and Mannheim. Data on refractive outcome were obtained from the LASIK centres' patient documentation, cost data on the surgery as well as on eyeglasses etc. before and after the surgery were obtained from patient interviews. The primary endpoint of this investigation was the indiv…

Brief Report: Intestinal Dysbiosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis

2015

Objective Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common, highly heritable immune-mediated arthropathy that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals exposed to an unknown but likely ubiquitous environmental trigger. There is a close relationship between the gut and spondyloarthritis, as exemplified in patients with reactive arthritis, in whom a typically self-limiting arthropathy follows either a gastrointestinal or urogenital infection. Microbial involvement in AS has been suggested; however, no definitive link has been established. The aim of this study was to determine whether the gut in patients with AS carries a distinct microbial signature compared with that in the gut of healthy contro…

Role of nitric oxide during rotavirus infection.

2006

The pathophysiological mechanisms behind rotavirus-induced diarrhoea still remain incomplete. Current views suggest that the non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) of rotavirus and the enteric nervous system (ENS) participate in water secretion and diarrhoea. In the present work the role of nitric oxide (NO) in rotavirus infection and disease has been studied in vitro, mice and humans. Incubation of human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) with purified NSP4 but not with infectious virus produced NO2/NO3 accumulation in the incubation media. The NSP4-induced release of NO metabolites occurred within the first minutes after the addition of the toxin. Mice infected with murine rotavirus (strain EDI…

The effects of metoclopramide on acetylcholine release and on smooth muscle response in the isolated guinea-pig ileum

1982

The effects of metoclopramide on smooth muscle contraction and on release of acetylcholine were studied in the guinea-pig myenteric plexus longitudinal muscle preparation. Acetylcholine was determined either as endogenous acetylcholine, or as labelled transmitter from strips preloaded with 3H-choline. Metoclopramide caused an increase in resting tension of longitudinal muscle as well as an increase in resting output of either endogenous or labelled acetylcholine. Tetrodotoxin abolished the metoclopramide-evoked increase in transmitter release. The increase in smooth muscle tension was clearly related to the increase in resting output. The effects of metoclopramide on both longitudinal muscl…

Synthesis and in vitro antileukemic activity of new 4-triazenopyrazole derivatives

2003

Several new 4-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)-5-benzamidopyrazole derivatives were prepared by reacting 4-diazo-5-benzamidopyrazole derivatives with dimethylamine. The compounds were tested at 10 microM for their vitro antileukemic activity against K562 (Human chronic myelogenous leukemia) and Raji (human Burkitt limphoma ) cell lines. Dacarbazine and methotrexate were used for comparative purpose. The 3-methyl-4-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)-5-(substituted benzamido)pyrazoles, bearing the pyrazole nucleus free at 1 position, resulted more active than the 1-(substituted phenyl)-3-methyl-4-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)-5-benzamidopyrazoles. Dacarbazine at 10 microM showed no activity in the above tests. The observ…