Search results for "Image Enhancement"

showing 10 items of 215 documents

T2-mapping of the sacroiliac joints at 1.5 Tesla: a feasibility and reproducibility study

2018

Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of T2 relaxation time measurements of the sacroiliac joints at 1.5 T. Materials and methods: Healthy volunteers underwent an oblique axial multislice multiecho spin-echo sequence of the sacroiliac joints at 1.5 T. Regions of interest were manually drawn using a dedicated software by two musculoskeletal radiologists to include the cartilaginous part of the sacroiliac joints. A senior radiologist performed the measurement twice, while a resident measured once. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was tested using the Bland-Altman method. Association between sex and T2 relaxation times was tested using the Mann-Whitney U test. Correlation between…

AdultMalemusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyT2 mappingReproducibility of Result030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingT2 mapping03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealthy volunteersmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMultislice030203 arthritis & rheumatologySacroiliac jointReproducibilitymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsSacroiliac JointMagnetic resonance imagingImage EnhancementHealthy VolunteerMagnetic Resonance ImagingHealthy VolunteersFeasibility StudieCartilagemedicine.anatomical_structureOrthopedic surgeryMann–Whitney U testFeasibility StudiesFemaleNuclear medicinebusinessHumanSkeletal Radiology
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Lymphoscintigraphy with peritumoral injection versus lymphoscintigraphy with subdermal periareolar injection of technetium-labeled human albumin to i…

2014

Background Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy is without doubt a valid method for the detection of the sentinel lymph node (SLN). There has been considerable debate regarding the optimal site for the introduction of the tracer; various sites include peritumoral (PT), periareolar (PA), subdermal, and intradermal injection. Purpose To evaluate retrospectively the lymphoscintigraphic identification rate of peritumoral (PT) injection versus subdermal periareolar (PA) injection in the detection of SLNs in breast cancer. Material and Methods Between October 2002 and December 2011, a cohort of 906 consecutive patients with biopsy proven breast cancer underwent 914 SLN biopsy procedures. A total of 33…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtySentinel lymph nodechemistry.chemical_elementBreast NeoplasmsInjections IntralesionalTechnetiumPeriareolarBreast cancerBiopsymedicineCarcinomaHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTechnetium Tc 99m Aggregated AlbuminAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overBreast cancer sentinel lymph node biopsy lymphoscintigraphy sub areolar peritumoral radio-colloidRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testSentinel Lymph Node Biopsybusiness.industryHuman albuminGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedImage Enhancementmedicine.diseaseSurgerychemistryFemaleLymphRadiopharmaceuticalsSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaNuclear medicinebusinessLymphoscintigraphyActa Radiologica
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Statistical methods for the comparison of measurements derived from orthodontic imaging

2000

Biometric comparison procedures for dental imaging methods with continuous outcome were reviewed, mainly concentrating on assessment and comparison of accuracy and precision according to the study design. Univariate graphical and numerical representations of corresponding deviations were summarized to derive a 'check list' of minimum information necessary to compare the measurement methods. The methods reviewed in this investigation are illustrated by the comparison of conventional (radiographic) cephalometry versus assessment using the DigiGraph in 50 female children. A paired t-test and the corresponding confidence interval approach were used to assess deviations in location of two imagin…

Analysis of VariancePaired DataAccuracy and precisionMeasure (data warehouse)BiometryModels StatisticalBiometricsCephalometryComputer scienceUnivariateReproducibility of ResultsOrthodonticsOrthodontics CorrectiveConfidence intervalRadiographic Image EnhancementData Interpretation StatisticalCephalometryStatisticsConfidence IntervalsMedical imagingHumansFemaleChildAlgorithmsSoftwareThe European Journal of Orthodontics
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Diagnostik der akuten Lungenembolie mittels Spiral-CT und 3D-Rekonstruktion

2001

Ziel: Die Entwicklung von Modellen zur Evaluierung der Spiral-CT und 3D-Rekonstruktion im Nachweis der akuten Lungenembolie (LE) im Ex-vivo-Experiment. Material und Methoden: Standardisierte kunstliche Emboli definierter Grose und Geometrie wurden in Schweinelungen eingebracht. Ausgusse der embolisierten Gefasbaume mit rontgenkontrastgebendem Kunstharz simulierten das CT-morphologische Vollbild einer Lungenembolie. Die Bilddaten wurden dreidimensional rekonstruiert und die Exaktheit der detektierten Emboluslokalisation durch Korrelation mit dem Originalpraparat verifiziert. Messungen an technischen Probekorpern mit eingeschlossenen Emboli definierter Grose sollten die Messgenauigkeit der ko…

Animal modelbusiness.industryMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingImage enhancementNuclear medicinebusinessDer Radiologe
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Evaluation of Disaggregation Methods for Downscaling MODIS Land Surface Temperature to Landsat Spatial Resolution in Barrax Test Site

2016

Thermal infrared (TIR) data are usually acquired at a coarser spatial resolution (CR) than visible and near infrared (VNIR). Several disaggregation methods have been recently developed to enhance the TIR spatial resolution using VNIR data. These approaches are based on the retrieval of a relation between TIR and VNIR data at CR, or training of a neural network, to be applied at the fine resolution afterward. In this work, different disaggregation methods are applied to the combination of two different sensors in the experimental test site of Barrax, Spain. The main objective is to test the feasibility of these techniques when applied to satellites provided with no TIR bands. Landsat and mod…

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMean squared errorNear-infrared spectroscopyTemperature0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesNormalized Difference Vegetation IndexVNIRRemote SensingSpectroradiometerImage resolutionImage enhancementLinear regressionEnvironmental scienceComputers in Earth SciencesImage resolution021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingDownscalingIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
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LogDet divergence-based metric learning with triplet constraints and its applications.

2014

How to select and weigh features has always been a difficult problem in many image processing and pattern recognition applications. A data-dependent distance measure can address this problem to a certain extent, and therefore an accurate and efficient metric learning becomes necessary. In this paper, we propose a LogDet divergence-based metric learning with triplet constraints (LDMLT) approach, which can learn Mahalanobis distance metric accurately and efficiently. First of all, we demonstrate the good properties of triplet constraints and apply it in LogDet divergence-based metric learning model. Then, to deal with high-dimensional data, we apply a compressed representation method to learn…

AutomatedData InterpretationBiometryFeature extractionhigh dimensional datametric learningPattern RecognitionFacial recognition systemSensitivity and SpecificityMatrix decompositionPattern Recognition Automatedcompressed representationComputer-AssistedArtificial Intelligencecompressed representation; high dimensional data; LogDet divergence; metric learning; triplet constraint; Artificial Intelligence; Biometry; Data Interpretation Statistical; Face; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted; Pattern Recognition Automated; Photography; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Algorithms; Facial Expression; Software; Medicine (all); Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedPhotographyHumansDivergence (statistics)Image retrievalImage InterpretationMathematicsMahalanobis distancebusiness.industryLogDet divergenceMedicine (all)Reproducibility of ResultsPattern recognitionStatisticalImage EnhancementComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignFacial ExpressionComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionData Interpretation StatisticalFaceMetric (mathematics)Pattern recognition (psychology)Artificial intelligencetriplet constraintbusinessSoftwareAlgorithmsIEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
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A Fuzzy Logic C-Means Clustering Algorithm to Enhance Microcalcifications Clusters in Digital Mammograms

2011

The detection of microcalcifications is a hard task, since they are quite small and often poorly contrasted against the background of images. The Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems could be very useful for breast cancer control. In this paper, we report a method to enhance microcalcifications cluster in digital mammograms. A Fuzzy Logic clustering algorithm with a set of features is used for clustering microcalcifications. The method described was tested on simulated clusters of microcalcifications, so that the location of the cluster within the breast and the exact number of microcalcifications is known.

C-meanCOMPUTER-AIDED DETECTIONComputer scienceCADFuzzy logicSet (abstract data type)Cluster (physics)medicineMammographycancerComputer visionCLASSIFICATION.Cluster analysisbreastmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPattern recognitionImage enhancementComputer aided detectionSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)microcalcificationComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONbreast; cancer; microcalcifications; clustering; fuzzy logic; C-means; COMPUTER-AIDED DETECTION; CLASSIFICATION.Artificial intelligencefuzzy logicbusinessclustering
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Going beyond histology. Synchrotron micro-computed tomography as a methodology for biological tissue characterization: from tissue morphology to indi…

2009

Current light microscopic methods such as serial sectioning, confocal microscopy or multiphoton microscopy are severely limited in their ability to analyse rather opaque biological structures in three dimensions, while electron optical methods offer either a good three-dimensional topographic visualization (scanning electron microscopy) or high-resolution imaging of very thin samples (transmission electron microscopy). However, sample preparation commonly results in a significant alteration and the destruction of the three-dimensional integrity of the specimen. Depending on the selected photon energy, the interaction between X-rays and biological matter provides semi-transparency of the spe…

Cartilage Articularthree-dimensional imagingMaterials scienceOpacityScanning electron microscope1004Biomedical EngineeringBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryBioengineeringPhoton energyIn Vitro TechniquesBiochemistrysynchrotron micro-computed tomographylaw.inventionBiomaterialshistologyChondrocyteslawConfocal microscopyResearch articlesAnimalscartilageCells CulturedTomographic reconstruction30HistologySynchrotron124Radiographic Image EnhancementTransmission electron microscopychondrocyteCattleTomography X-Ray ComputedSynchrotronsscanning electron microscopyBiotechnologyBiomedical engineeringJournal of the Royal Society, Interface
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Automatic detection of large dense-core vesicles in secretory cells and statistical analysis of their intracellular distribution.

2010

Analyzing the morphological appearance and the spatial distribution of large dense-core vesicles (granules) in the cell cytoplasm is central to the understanding of regulated exocytosis. This paper is concerned with the automatic detection of granules and the statistical analysis of their spatial locations in different cell groups. We model the locations of granules of a given cell as a realization of a finite spatial point process and the point patterns associated with the cell groups as replicated point patterns of different spatial point processes. First, an algorithm to segment the granules using electron microscopy images is proposed. Second, the relative locations of the granules with…

Chromaffin CellsInformation Storage and RetrievalBiologyBioinformaticsModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificityPoint processExocytosislaw.inventionPattern Recognition AutomatedMicelawArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedGeneticsAnimalsSecretionChromaffin GranulesComputer SimulationCells CulturedModels StatisticalApplied MathematicsVesicleSecretory VesiclesReproducibility of ResultsImage EnhancementEmpirical distribution functionMicroscopy ElectronAnimals NewbornCytoplasmData Interpretation StatisticalElectron microscopeBiological systemIntracellularAlgorithmsBiotechnologyIEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics
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Simple computation of the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) using spreadsheet-software: method and evaluation in five maxillofacial CBC…

2019

OBJECTIVES: To develop a simple way to compute the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) manually using conventional spreadsheet software. METHODS: Basing on an edge-image a method was developed, facilitating computation of the edge spread and line spread function in open-source spreadsheet software (Gnumeric; http://projects.gnome.org/gnumeric/downloads.shtml). By means of the integrated fast Fourier transformation Fourier coefficients are obtained from the line spread function which can then be plotted vs spatial frequency to obtain MTF-plots. For the experimental evaluation an edge test object was exposed in five commercial CBCT devices for maxillofacial applications. RESULTS: …

Computer science030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineTechnical ReportSimple (abstract algebra)Optical transfer functionRadiography DentalHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGeneral DentistryDigital signal processingSimple computationbusiness.industrySpreadsheet softwarePhantoms ImagingComputer Science::Software EngineeringReproducibility of Results030206 dentistryGeneral MedicineSpiral Cone-Beam Computed TomographyRadiographic Image EnhancementFourier transformOtorhinolaryngologysymbolsbusinessAlgorithmSoftware
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