Search results for "Imaging"
showing 10 items of 6802 documents
Operator-Related Errors and Pitfalls in Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: How to Recognize and Avoid Them.
2020
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most common modality for quantitative measurements of bone mineral density. Nevertheless, errors related to this exam are still very common, and may significantly impact on the final diagnosis and therapy. Operator-related errors may occur during each DXA step and can be related to wrong patient positioning, error in the acquisition process or in the scan analysis. The aim of this review is to provide a practical guide on how to recognize such errors in spine and hip DXA scan and how to avoid them, also presenting some of the most common artifacts encountered in clinical practice.
Funktionsangiographie der kniegelenknahen Arterien: Konsequenzen für die Stentimplantation?
1990
Angiographic studies of the arteries adjoining the knee in 25 patients show extensive kinking and stenoses of the popliteal artery and less frequently of the distal femoral artery during flexion of the knee joint. This is due to the loss of elasticity with increasing age forcing the vessel into a tortuous course during shortening of the pathway of the popliteal artery with knee flexion. Independent of the principle of the different stents available they probably will not increase the contractility of the stented vessel in the longitudinal axis. It is to expect that after implantation of stents into the popliteal artery kinking will occur predominantly in the original segments of the vessel …
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dislocation: A Case Report
2022
Abstract Isolated posterior tibial tendon dislocation is a rare condition. Diagnosis can be challenging, especially in the acute clinical setting. Predisposing factors include shallow posterior tibial tendon groove and tear of the flexor retinaculum. We report the case of traumatic subluxation of the posterior tibial tendon, illustrating imaging findings and surgical technique. Posterior tibial tendon dislocation was detected using dynamic ultrasound, while magnetic resonance was essential for a comprehensive evaluation that included underlying predisposing anatomic abnormalities and associated pathologic conditions. Conservative treatment is often unsuccessful thus surgical approach was ne…
Upper Limb Interventions.
2019
Ultrasound has been reported to be a quick, cheap, and effective imaging modality to guide the interventional procedures in the musculoskeletal system. The use of ultrasound results in increased accuracy of needle placement associated with a reduction of complications. In the upper limb, ultrasound-guided procedures are applied to joints and soft tissues around the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand. This article reviews the clinical and technical aspects of the most common procedures performed in this anatomic area.
Mechanical loading influences the lumbar intervertebral disc : A cross‐sectional study in 308 athletes and 71 controls
2021
There is evidence in animal populations that loading and exercise can positively impact the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, there is a paucity of information in humans. We examined the lumbar IVDs in 308 young athletes across six sporting groups (baseball, swimming, basketball, kendo, soccer and running; mean age 19yrs) and 71 non‐athletic controls. IVD status was quantified via the ratio of IVD to vertebral body height (IVD hypertrophy) and ratio of signal intensity in the nucleus to that in the annulus signal (IVD nucleus hydration) on sagittal T2‐weighted MRI. P‐values were adjusted via the false discovery rate method to mitigate false positives. In examining the whole collective, co…
Exercise for the intervertebral disc : a 6-month randomised controlled trial in chronic low back pain
2020
Background context Muscle, bone and tendon respond anabolically to mechanical forces. Whether the intervertebral disc (IVD) can benefit from exercise is unclear. Purpose To examine whether exercise can beneficially affect IVD characteristics. Study design/setting This is a single-blinded 6-month randomised controlled trial (ACTRN12615001270505) in an exercise and physiotherapy clinic. Patient sample Forty patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (NSCLBP) are included in this study. Outcome measures The primary outcome was lumbar IVD T2 time (MRI). Secondary outcomes included IVD diffusion coefficient and IVD expansion with short-duration lying. Methods Twenty patients progressively …
Characterization of Intervertebral Disc Changes in Asymptomatic Individuals with Distinct Physical Activity Histories Using Three Different Quantitat…
2020
(1) Background: Assessments of intervertebral disc (IVD) changes, and IVD tissue adaptations due to physical activity, for example, remains challenging. Newer magnetic resonance imaging techniques can quantify detailed features of the IVD, where T2-mapping and T2-weighted (T2w) and Dixon imaging are potential candidates. Yet, their relative utility has not been examined. The performances of these techniques were investigated to characterize IVD differences in asymptomatic individuals with distinct physical activity histories. (2) Methods: In total, 101 participants (54 women) aged 25&ndash
On application of kernel PCA for generating stimulus features for fMRI during continuous music listening
2018
Background There has been growing interest towards naturalistic neuroimaging experiments, which deepen our understanding of how human brain processes and integrates incoming streams of multifaceted sensory information, as commonly occurs in real world. Music is a good example of such complex continuous phenomenon. In a few recent fMRI studies examining neural correlates of music in continuous listening settings, multiple perceptual attributes of music stimulus were represented by a set of high-level features, produced as the linear combination of the acoustic descriptors computationally extracted from the stimulus audio. New method fMRI data from naturalistic music listening experiment were…
The effects of synchronous music on patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging
2016
Anxiety and claustrophobic reactions in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) lengthen the duration of examinations through increasing need of scan repetition, furthermore the need of anaesthesia makes the process costly. The sedative and alleviative effect of music is widely used in therapeutics, but in related research, music was only used with its original tempo as an intervention to reduce anxiety among MRI patients. 60 outpatients were examined in the Diagnostic Centre of Pécs to test whether the sedative effect of music can be improved by synchronizing it to the rhythm of the gradient pulsation, therefore reducing the effect of loud noises on the perception of music. The patients were assi…
Brain integrative function driven by musical training during real-world music listening
2017
The present research investigated differences in the brain dynamics of continuous, real-world music listening between listeners with and without professional musical training, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A replication study was aimed at validating the reliability of the naturalistic approach to studying brain responses to music, wherein the brain signal and the acoustic information extracted from the musical stimulus were correlated. After a successful replication, a series of three studies dealt with differences in integrative brain function during music listening between musicians and nonmusicians. Findings (a) emphasized the crucial role of the distinctive postura…